The histochemistry of the avian parathyroid and ultimobranchial glands. I. Carbohydrates and proteins
Tóm tắt
The non-enzyme histochemistry of the closely related parathyroid and ultimobranchial glands of the domestic fowl has been studied. The parathyroid cells and the ultimobranchial C cells gave only weakly positive reactions in tests for specific amino-acid residues. The rather stronger reactions found in the C cells were probably related to their content of polypeptide secretory granules. Carbohydrate and lipid stains also gave only negative or weakly positive reactions although the parathyroid cells did contain some free lipid. The lining cells of the ultimobranchial vesicles may be either actively secreting or inactive and cystic. Active cells contain large numbers of granules that are composed of large amounts of sulphated acid mucopolysaccharides, moderate amounts of mucoproteins and small amounts of neutral mucopolysaccharides and glycogen. Both the granular and colloidal secretions of these cells appeared to be identical in composition to the intracellular granules. The vesicular lining cells and their secretions showed strong but variable reactions for sulphydryl, disulphide and amino groups. The intermediate cell strands, which connect the ultimobranchial parathyroid foci with the vesicles, showed a range of reactions intermediate between those exhibited by parathyroid and vesicular cells. The results are discussed in relation to the structure and function of the various cell types.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Azzali, G. (1968). Ultrastructure of the parafollicular cells. InCalcitonin: Proceedings of the Symposium on Thyrocalcitonin and the C cells (ed. S. Taylor), pp. 152–66. London: Heinemann Medical Books.
Bancroft, J. D. (1967).An Introduction to Histochemical Technique. London: Butterworths.
Barka, T. &Anderson, P. J. (1963).Histochemistry. Theory, Practice and Bibliography. New York: Harper & Row.
Capen, C. C. &Young, D. M. (1967). The ultrastructure of the parathyroid glands and thyroid parafollicular cells of cows with parturient paresis and hypocalcaemia.Lab. Invest. 17, 717–37.
Dent, P. B., Brown, D. M. &Good, R. A. (1969). Ultimobranchial calcitonin in the developing chicken.Endocrinology 85, 582–5.
Dudley, J. (1942). The development of the ultimobranchial body of the fowl,Gallus domesticus.Am. J. Anat. 71, 65–89.
Ericson, L. E. (1968). Degranulation of the parafollicular cells of the rat thyroid by vitamin D2-induced hypercalcaemia.J. Ultrastruct. Res. 24, 145–9.
Gould, R. P. & Hodges, R. D. (1971). Studies on the fine structure of the avian parathyroid glands and ultimobranchial bodies.Mem. Soc. Endocr. No. 19. In press.
Hachmeister, U., Kracht, J., Kruse, H. &Lenke, M. (1967). Lokalisation von C-Zellen im Ultimobranchialkörper des Haushuhnes.Naturwissenschaften 54, 619.
Hara, J., Yamada, K. &Hotta, T. (1963). The chemocytology of the parathyroid glands of the rat after bilateral nephrectomy.Z. Zellforsch. 59, 804–19.
Hodges, R. D. (1970). The structure of the fowl's ultimobranchial gland.Annls. Biol. anim. Biochim. Biophys. 10, no. hors-série 2, 255–79.
Hurst, J. G. &Newcomer, W. S. (1969). Functional accessory parathyroid tissue in ultimobranchial bodies of chickens.Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 132, 555–60.
Klapper, C. E. (1951). The postnatal fate of the ultimobranchial body in the Syrian Hamster.Anat. Rec. 109, 312–13.
Lillie, R. D. (1965).Histopathologic Technique and Practical Histochemistry. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Malmqvist, E., Ericson, L. E., Almqvist, S. &Ekholm, R. (1968). Granulated cells, uptake of amine precursors, and calcium lowering activity in the ultimobranchial body of the domestic fowl.J. Ultrastruct. Res. 23, 457–61.
Michelucci, S. (1961). Ricerche morfologiche e sperimentali sul corpo ultimobranchiale negli Ucelli (Gallus domesticus).Folia Endocrinol. 14, 865–83.
Morse, A. (1955). Histochemical observation and identification of cell types in the parathyroid of rat and monkey.J. Histochem. Cytochem. 3, 392.
Nevalainen, T. (1969). Fine structure of the parathyroid gland of the laying hen (Gallus domesticus).Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 12, 561–7.
Nunez, E. A., Gould, R. P. &Holt, S. J. (1968). Observations on the dense granules in bat thyroid parafollicular cells. InCalcitonin: Proceedings of the Symposium on Thyrocalcitonin and the C cells (ed. S. Taylor), pp. 203–14. London: Heinemann Medical Books.
Pearse, A. G. E. (1960).Histochemistry. Theoretical and Applied. 2nd Ed. London: Churchill.
Pearse, A. G. E. (1966). The cytochemistry of the thyroid C cells and their relationship to calcitonin.Proc. R. Soc. 164 B, 478–87.
Pearse, A. G. E. (1968).Histochemistry, Theoretical and Applied. 3rd Ed., Volume 1. London: Churchill.
Robertson, D. &Swartz, G. (1964). Observations on the ultimobranchial body inRana pipiens.Anat. Rec. 148, 219–25.
Robertson, D. R. (1969). Some morphological observations of the ultimobranchial gland in the rainbow trout,Salmo gairdneri.J. Anat. 105, 115–27.
Robinson, D. S. &King, N. R. (1967). Mucopolysaccharides of an avian egg shell membrane.J. R. Microsc. Soc. 88, 13–22.
Roth, S. I. &Munger, B. L. (1963). Recent advances in the histology and ultrastructure of the parathyroid glands. InEvaluation of Thyroid and Parathyroid Functions (eds. F. W. Sunderman & F. W. Sunderman, Jr.) pp. 143–58. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Schrier, J. E. &Hamilton, H. L. (1952). An experimental study of the origin of the parathyroids and thymus glands in the chick.J. exp. Zool. 119 165–87.
Sehe, C. T. (1965). Comparative studies on the ultimobranchial body in reptiles and birds.Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 5, 45–69.
Sehe, C. T. (1966). Observations on the ultimobranchial gland in small wild and laboratory mammals, with special reference to the histochemical localisation of polysaccharides.J. Morph. 120, 425–42.
Stoeckel, M. E. &Porte, A. (1967a). Sur l'ultrastructure des corps ultimobranchiaux du poussin.C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris Ser. D 265, 2051–3.
Stoeckel, M. E. &Porte, A. (1967b) Sur l'ultrastructure des cellules parafolliculaires de la thyroide de quelques mammifères et l'existence de cellules analogues dans les corps ultimobranchiaux du poussin.C.R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 161, 2040–3.
Stoeckel, M. E. &Porte, A. (1968). Etude ultrastructurale des corps ultimobranchiaux du poulet.Proc. IV Europ. Conf. E.M., Rome, Vol. 11, 355–6.
Stoeckel, M. E. &Porte, A. (1969). Etude ultrastructural des corps ultimobranchiaux du poulet. I. Aspect normal et développement embryonnaire.Z. Zellforsch. 94, 495–512.
Thompson, S. W. (1966).Selected Histochemical and Histopathological Methods. Springfield, Ill.: Thomas.
Van Dyke, J. H. (1943). The behaviour of ultimobranchial tissue in the postnatal thyroid gland of sheep.Anat. Rec. 85, 342.
Van Dyke, J. H. (1945). Behaviour of ultimobranchial tissue in the postnatal thyroid gland: Epithelial cysts, their relation to thyroid parenchyma and to ‘new growths’ in the thyroid gland of young sheep.Am. J. Anat. 76, 201–51.
Verdun, P. (1898). Quoted by Romanoff, A.L. (1960).The Avian Embryo. New York: The MacMillan Co.
Watzka, M. (1933). Vergleichende Untersuchungen über den ultimobranchialen Körper.Z. mikr.-anat. Forsch. 34, 485–533.
Welsch, U., Flitney, E. &Pearse, A. G. E. (1969). Comparative studies on the ultrastructure of the thyroid parafollicular C-cells.J. Microsc. 89, 83–94.
Yamada, K. (1964). Observations on two types of protein granules in primate and avian parathyroid cells.Experientia 20, 444–5.
Zawistowski, S. (1965). A histotopochemical study of the parathyroid gland of the albino rat.Acta Histochem. 20, 223–33.