The gold complexes

Åbom, 1987, The in vivo effect of triethylphosphine gold (auranofin), sodium aurothiomalate and azathioprine on natural killer cell activity of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, 5, 47 Adachi, 1987, Gold induced thrombocytopenia: 12 cases and a review of the literature, 16, 287 1973, A controlled trial of gold salt therapy in rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 16, 353, 10.1002/art.1780160309 Ayesh, 1987, Sodium aurothiomalate toxicity and sulphoxidation capacity in arthritic patients, British Journal of Rheumatology, 26, 197, 10.1093/rheumatology/26.3.197 Barrett, 1986, Unique properties of auranofin as a potential anti-rheumatic drug, Agents and Actions, 19, 109, 10.1007/BF01977265 Belleli, 1987, Felty's syndrome: long term follow up after treatment with auranofin, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 30, 1057, 10.1002/art.1780300914 Bernstein, 1988, An open study of auranofin in the treatment of steroid-dependent asthma, Journal of Allergy and Applied Immunology, 81, 6, 10.1016/0091-6749(88)90213-8 Beverly, 1987, Role of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in aurothiomalate metabolism, 46, 854 Blackburn, 1987, Auranofin: its use in patients with rheumatoid arthritis maintained with parenteral chrysotherapy, Journal of Rheumatology, 14, 863 Blocka, 1983, Auranofin versus injectable gold. Comparison of pharmacokinetic properties, American Journal of Medicine, 75, 114, 10.1016/0002-9343(83)90483-7 Blocka, 1982, Single dose pharmacokinetics of auranofin in rheumatoid arthritis, Journal of Rheumatology, 9, 110 Blodgett, 1984, Long-term efficacy and safety of auranofin: a review of clinical experience, Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 67 Blodgett, 1984, Auranofin: a unique oral chrysotherapeutic agent, 13, 255 Bombardier, 1986, Auranofin therapy and quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, American Journal of Medicine, 81, 565, 10.1016/0002-9343(86)90539-5 Borg, 1988, Auranofin improves outcome in early rheumatoid arthritis. Results from a 2 year, double blind, placebo controlled study, Journal of Rheumatology, 15, 1747 Bretza, 1983, Association of IgE antibodies to sodium aurothiomalate and adverse reactions to chrysotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis, American Journal of Medicine, 74, 945, 10.1016/0002-9343(83)90787-8 Brewer, 1980, Gold therapy in the management of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 23, 404, 10.1002/art.1780230403 Brewer, 1987, Oral gold (auranofin) in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis—results of the double-blind, placebo controlled trial, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 30 Brown, 1980, The chemistry of the gold drugs used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, Annual Reports of the Chemical Society, 9, 217 Capell, 1986, A three year follow up of patients allocated to placebo, or oral or injectable gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 45, 705, 10.1136/ard.45.9.705 Carette, 1989, A double-blind placebo-controlled study of auranofin in patients in psoriatic arthritis, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 32, 158, 10.1002/anr.1780320208 Caspi, 1989, Association between gold-induced skin rash and remission in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 48, 730, 10.1136/ard.48.9.730 Cats, 1976, A multicentre controlled trial of the effects of different dosages of gold therapy, followed by a maintenance dosage, Agents and Actions, 6, 355, 10.1007/BF01972255 Champion, 1988, Dose response studies and longterm evaluation of auranofin in rheumatoid arthritis, Journal of Rheumatology, 15, 28 Clark, 1989, Meta-analysis of injectable gold in rheumatoid arthritis, Journal of Rheumatology, 16, 442 Crissey, 1956, A comparison of gold in the treatment of lupus erythematosus, Archives of Dermatology, 74, 69, 10.1001/archderm.1956.01550070071013 Crooke, 1986, Cellular and molecular pharmacology of auranofin and related gold complexes, Biochemical Pharmacology, 35, 3423, 10.1016/0006-2952(86)90608-8 Currey, 1974, Comparison of azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and in gold treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, British Medical Journal, 3, 763, 10.1136/bmj.3.5934.763 Danis, 1989, Bimodal effect of gold on IL-1 production by blood monocytes, Journal of Rheumatology, 16, 1160 Danpure, 1979, Distribution of gold among plasma fractions in rheumatoid patients undergoing chrysotherapy compared with its distribution in plasma incubated with aurothiomalate in vitro, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 38, 364, 10.1136/ard.38.4.364 Davis, 1979, In vivo and in vitro effects of gold salts on lymphocyte transformation responses and antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, Journal of Rheumatology, 6, 527 Davis, 1983, Effects of gold compounds on the function of phagocytic cells, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 26, 82, 10.1002/art.1780260114 Davis, 1985, One-year comparative study of gold sodium thiomalate and auranofin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, Journal of Rheumatology, 12, 60 Dawes, 1986, Prediction of progressive joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving gold or d-penicillamine therapy, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 45, 945, 10.1136/ard.45.11.945 De Bruyn, 1985, In vivo endocytosis by bristle-coated pits and intracellular transport of endogenous albumin of the sinuses of the liver and bone marrow, Cell and Tissue Research, 240, 1, 10.1007/BF00217551 DiMartino, 1977, Inhibition of lysosomal enzyme release from rat leukocytes by auranofin, Inflammation, 2, 131, 10.1007/BF00918675 DiMartino, 1980, Effect of auranofin on antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by rat peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes and mononuclear cells, Inflammation, 4, 279, 10.1007/BF00915029 Dorwart, 1978, Chrysotherapy in psoriatic arthritis: efficacy and toxicity compared to rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 21, 513, 10.1002/art.1780210504 Dwosh, 1977, Azathioprine in early rheumatoid arthritis. Comparison with gold and chloroquine, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 20, 685, 10.1002/art.1780200208 Edelman, 1983, Prevalence of eosinophilia during gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, Journal of Rheumatology, 10, 121 Ellman, 1940, Gold therapy in rheumatoid arthritis, British Medical Journal, 2, 314, 10.1136/bmj.2.4157.314 Empire Rheumatism Council, Research Sub-Committee, 1960, Gold therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Report of a multi-centre controlled trial, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 19, 95, 10.1136/ard.19.2.95 Empire Rheumatism Council, Research Sub-Committee, 1961, Relation of toxic reactions in gold therapy to improvement in rheumatoid arthritis, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 20, 335, 10.1136/ard.20.4.335 Epstein, 1989, Parenteral gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: a treatment whose time has gone, Journal of Rheumatology, 16, 1291 Evans, 1987, Gold lung: recent developments in pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy, 16, 196 Felix-Davies, 1983, A 12-months comparative trial of auranofin and d-penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis, American Journal of Medicine, 75, 138, 10.1016/0002-9343(83)90487-4 Ford, 1984, HLA antigens and drug toxicity in rheumatoid arthritis (editorial), Journal of Rheumatology, 11, 259 Forestier, 1935, Rheumatoid arthritis and its treatment by gold salts. The results of six years' experience, Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 20, 827 Fraser, 1945, Gold treatment in rheumatoid arthritis, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 4, 71, 10.1136/ard.4.4.71 Fremont-Smith, 1989, Categorizing patients with gold dermatitis as ‘treatment failures’, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 32, 507, 10.1002/anr.1780320427 Freyberg, 1941, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 20, 401, 10.1172/JCI101235 Freyberg, 1972, Gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, 455 Fries, 1986, Impact of specific therapy upon rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 29, 620, 10.1002/art.1780290506 Furst, 1977, A double blind trial of high versus conventional dosages of gold salts for rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 20, 1473, 10.1002/art.1780200805 Ganley, 1989, Increased renal tubular cell excretion by patients receiving chronic therapy with gold and with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 46, 51, 10.1038/clpt.1989.106 Gerber, 1974, Gold kinetics following aurothiomalate therapy: use of a whole-body radiation counter, Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 83, 778 Ghadially, 1979, Ultrastructural localization and in situ analysis of iron, bismuth and gold inclusions, CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 6, 303, 10.3109/10408447909043650 Giannini, 1990, Auranofin in the treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. 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Evidence for the formation and activity of aurocyanide, Biochemical Pharmacology, 39, 1697, 10.1016/0006-2952(90)90113-Y Graham, 1982, The effect of smoking on the distribution of gold in blood, Journal of Rheumatology, 9, 527 Graham, 1984, The effect of cyanide on the uptake of gold by red blood cells, Biochemical Pharmacology, 33, 1257, 10.1016/0006-2952(84)90178-3 Graham, 1985, 1H, 13C NMR, and electronic absorption spectroscopic studies of the interaction of cyanide with aurothiomalate, Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 25, 163, 10.1016/0162-0134(85)80010-6 Griffin, 1981, Maintenance chrysotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis; a comparison of dosage schedules, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 40, 250, 10.1136/ard.40.3.250 Griffin, 1983, A comparison of conventional and low dose sodium aurothiomalate treatment in rheumatoid arthritis, British Journal of Rheumatology, 22, 82, 10.1093/rheumatology/22.2.82 Grootveld, 1983, Differences between the structure of the anti-arthritic drug ‘Myocrisin’ in the solid state and in solution: a kinetic study of dissolution, Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 19, 51, 10.1016/0162-0134(83)85012-0 Grootveld, 1984, Progress in the characterization of gold drugs, Clinical Rheumatology, 3, 5, 10.1007/BF03342617 Gumpel, 1978, Deaths associated with gold treatment: a reassessment, British Medical Journal, 1, 215, 10.1136/bmj.1.6107.215 Halla, 1977, Postinjection nonvasomotor reactions during chrysotherapy: constitutional and rheumatic symptoms following injections of gold salts, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 20, 1188, 10.1002/art.1780200605 Hamilton, 1985, In vitro inhibition of myelopoiesis by gold salts and d-penicillamine, Journal of Rheumatology, 12, 892 Handagama, 1989, Incorporation of intravenously injected albumin, immunoglobulin G and fibrinogen in guinea pig megakaryocyte granules, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 84, 73, 10.1172/JCI114173 Hanly, 1985, Reduction of peripheral lymphocytes in patients receiving gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 44, 299, 10.1136/ard.44.5.299 Hanly, 1986, Effects of gold therapy on the synthesis and quantity of serum and synovial fluid IgM, IgG, and IgA rheumatoid factors in rheumatoid arthritis patients, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 29, 480, 10.1002/art.1780290404 Harth, 1977, Effects of a gold salt on lymphocyte responses, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 27, 357 Harth, 1983, Monocyte dependent excited oxygen radical generation in rheumatoid arthritis: inhibition by gold sodium thiomalate, Journal of Rheumatology, 10, 701 Harvey, 1988, Myocrisin—an analytical problem or can you trust your analyst?, Canadian Chemical News, 40, 19 Haynes, 1988, Do gold drugs inhibit interleukin-1? Evidence from an in vitro lymphocyte activating factor assay, Journal of Rheumatology, 15, 775 Heuer, 1985, An analysis of worldwide safety experience with auranofin, Journal of Rheumatology, 12, 695 Highton, 1981, Changes in immune function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis following treatment with sodium aurothiomalate, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 40, 254, 10.1136/ard.40.3.254 Highton, 1981, Fall in immune complex levels during gold treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 40, 575, 10.1136/ard.40.6.575 Hill, 1983, Gold-197 Mössbauer studies of some gold(I) thiolates and their phosphine complexes including certain antiarthritic gold drugs, Inorganic Chemistry, 22, 2936, 10.1021/ic00162a034 Hochberg, 1986, Auranofin or d-penicillamine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, Annals of Internal Medicine, 105, 528, 10.7326/0003-4819-105-4-528 Hopkins, 1983, Inhibition of lymphocyte activation by gold sodium thiomalate, British Journal of Pharmacology, 79, 617, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1983.tb11037.x Huskisson, 1974, Trial comparing d-penicillamine and gold in rheumatoid arthritis, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 33, 532, 10.1136/ard.33.6.532 Iannuzzi, 1983, Does drug therapy slow radiographic deterioration in rheumatoid arthritis?, New England Journal of Medicine, 309, 1023, 10.1056/NEJM198310273091704 Isab, 1982, A carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance study of thiol-exchange reactions of gold(I) thiomalate (‘Myocrisin’) including applications to cysteine derivatives, Journal of the Chemical Society Dalton Transactions, 135, 10.1039/DT9820000135 Iveson, 1977, Immunofluorescence of the skin in gold rashes—with particular reference to IgE, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 36, 520, 10.1136/ard.36.6.520 James, 1982, The distribution of gold in blood during chrysotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis, Journal of Rheumatology, 9, 532 Jellum, 1980, Fate of gold and the thiomalate part after intramuscular administration to mice, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 39, 155, 10.1136/ard.39.2.155 Jessop, 1974, Eosinophilia during gold therapy, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 13, 75, 10.1093/rheumatology/13.2.75 Johnsen, 1989, Auranofin (SK&F) in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from a 24-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 18, 251, 10.3109/03009748909095027 Johnson, 1973, Gold, vol. 3, 124 Kamel, 1977, Determination of gold in separate protein fractions of blood serum by carbon furnace atomic-absorption spectrometry, Analyst, 102, 645, 10.1039/an9770200645 Kamel, 1978, Comparison of gold levels and distribution in guinea pig serum, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 21, 441, 10.1002/art.1780210407 Kassam, 1987, Variation in physical and biological properties of solid gold sodium thiomalate on dissolution: an electron microscopic and energy dispersive spectroscopic study, Journal of Rheumatology, 14, 209 Katz, 1982, The efficacy and safety of auranofin compared to placebo in rheumatoid arthritis, Journal of Rheumatology, 9, 173 Kay, 1987, Risk factors that may influence development of side effects of gold sodium thiomalate, Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 16, 241, 10.3109/03009748709102924 Kean, 1979, Long term chrysotherapy. Incidence of toxicity and efficacy during sequential time periods, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 22, 495, 10.1002/art.1780220509 Kean, 1983, Gold therapy in the elderly rheumatoid arthritis patient, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 26, 705, 10.1002/art.1780260602 Kean, 1984, A biological effect on platelets by the minor component of gold sodium thiomalate—A by-product of heat sterilization and exposure to light, Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, 2, 321 Kean, 1988, Biological action of colorless and yellow solutions of gold sodium thiomalate on thrombin activity and the mixed lymphocyte reaction, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 77, 1033, 10.1002/jps.2600771209 Klaustermeyer, 1987, Chrysotherapy in the treatment of corticosteroid-dependent asthma, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 79, 720, 10.1016/0091-6749(87)90202-8 Klinefelter, 1975, Reinstitution of gold therapy in rheumatoid arthritis after mucocutaneous reactions, Journal of Rheumatology, 2, 21 Koch, 1890, Weitere Mittheibingen uber ein Heilmittel gegen Tuberculose, Deutsche Medicinische Wochenschrift, 16, 1029, 10.1055/s-0029-1207546 Kuhn, 1985, Effect of two gold compounds on human polymorphonuclear leukocyte lysosomal function and phagocytosis, Inflammation, 9, 39, 10.1007/BF00915410 Larsen, 1984, The effects of auranofin and parenteral gold in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: an X-ray analysis, Clinical Rheumatology, 3, 97, 10.1007/BF03342627 Lawrence, 1976, Comparative toxicity of gold preparations in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, Journal of Rheumatology, 35, 171 Leonard, 1987, Hematuria in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving gold and penicillamine, Journal of Rheumatology, 14, 55 Levine, 1988, The effect of gold, an antirheumatic therapy, on substance P levels in rat peripheral nerve, Neuroscience Letters, 87, 200, 10.1016/0304-3940(88)90170-X Lewis, 1985, Cytokines as potential targets for antirheumatic therapy: a pharmacologist's view, British Journal of Rheumatology, 24, 29, 10.1093/rheumatology/XXIV.suppl_1.29 Lewis, 1986, Competition of thiols and cyanide for gold (I), Inorganic Chemistry, 25, 58, 10.1021/ic00221a016 Lewis, 1980, Action of gold salts in some inflammatory and immunological models, Agents and Actions, 10, 63, 10.1007/BF02024180 Lewis, 1983, Gold levels produced by treatment with auranofin and sodium aurothiomalate, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 42, 566, 10.1136/ard.42.5.566 Liang, 1978, Containing costs in chronic disease: monitoring strategies in the gold therapy of rheumatoid arthritis, Journal of Rheumatology, 5, 241 Lies, 1977, Inhibition by gold on human lymphocyte stimulation. An in vitro study, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 36, 216, 10.1136/ard.36.3.216 Lipsky, 1977, Inhibition of antigen- and mitogen-induced human lymphocyte, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 59, 455, 10.1172/JCI108660 Littman, 1985, Effects of gold sodium thiomalate on functional correlates of human monocyte maturation, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 28, 1384, 10.1002/art.1780281211 Littman, 1982, Gold inhibition of the production of the second complement component by lymphokine-stimulated human monocytes, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 25, 288, 10.1002/art.1780250306 Littman, 1990, Effects of gold sodium thiomalate and tenidap sodium (CP-66,248-2) on a model of macrophage differentiation using HL-60 cells, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 33, 29, 10.1002/art.1780330104 Lockie, 1985, Forty-seven years experience with gold therapy in 1,019 rheumatoid arthritis patients, 14, 238 Lorber, 1977, Monitoring gold plasma levels in rheumatoid arthritis, Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 2, 127, 10.2165/00003088-197702020-00004 Lorber, 1973, Monitoring serum gold values to improve chrysotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 32, 133, 10.1136/ard.32.2.133 Lundberg, 1988, Peripheral lymphocyte depletion in gold sodium thiomalate-treated rheumatoid arthritis patients, Arthritis and Rheumatism, 31, 909, 10.1002/art.1780310713 Lunec, 1985, Self-perpetuating mechanisms of immunoglobulin G aggregation in rheumatoid inflammation, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 76, 2084, 10.1172/JCI112212 McCormack, 1980, Sulphydryl dependence of the inhibition of mitogeninduced human lymphocyte proliferation by sodium aurothiomalate, Biochemical Pharmacology, 29, 3333, 10.1016/0006-2952(80)90314-7 McGirr, 1984, Aurothioglucose in rheumatoid arthritis. Outcome in patients intolerant of sodium aurothiomalate, Medical Journal of Australia, 141, 349, 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb132803.x McKenzie, 1981, Report on a double-blind trial comparing small and large doses of gold in the treatment of rheumatoid disease, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 20, 198, 10.1093/rheumatology/20.4.198 Mäkisara, 1978, Comparison of penicillamine and gold treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis, Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 7, 166, 10.3109/03009747809095648 Mangan, 1985, Inhibitory effect of sodium aurothiomalate on a chronic inflammatory model in the rat, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 44, 211, 10.1136/ard.44.3.211 Manthorpe, 1986, Auranofin versus penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis. One-year results from a prospective clinical investigation, Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 15, 13, 10.3109/03009748609092663 Marcolongo, 1988, The efficacy and safety of auranofin in the treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. 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