The formation and maturation of synapses in the visual cortex of the rat. II. Quantitative analysis

Adams, I. &Jones, D. G. (1982) Quantitative ultrastructural changes in rat cortical synapses during early-, mid- and late-adulthood.Brain Research 239, 349?63.

Aghajanian, G. K. &Bloom, F. E. (1967) The formation of synaptic junctions in developing rat brain: A quantitative electron microscopic study.Brain Research 6, 716?27.

Armstrong-James, M. &Johnson, R. (1970) Quantitative studies of postnatal changes in synapses in rat superficial motor cerebral cortex. An electron microscopical study.Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und mikroskopische Anatomie 110, 559?68.

Blue, M. E. &Parnavelas, J. G. (1983) The formation and maturation of synapses in the visual cortex of the rat. I. Qualitative analysis.Journal of Neurocytology 12, 599?616.

Caley, D. W. &Maxwell, D. S. (1968) An electron microscopic study of neurons during postnatal development of the rat cerebral cortex.Journal of Comparative Neurology 113, 17?44.

Changeaux, J. -P. &Danchin, A. (1976) Selective stabilization of developing synapses as a mechanism for the specification of neuronal networks.Nature 264, 705?12.

Cragg, B. G. (1975) The development of synapses in the visual system of the cat.Journal of Comparative Neurology 160, 147?66.

De Groot, D. &Vrensen, G. (1978) Postnatal development of synaptic contact zones in the visual cortex of rabbits.Brain Research 147, 362?9.

Dyson, S. E. &Jones, D. G. (1976) The morphological categorization of developing synaptic junctions.Cell and Tissue Research 167, 363?71.

Dyson, S. E. &Jones, D. G. (1980) Quantitation of terminal parameters and their interrelationships in maturing central synapses: A perspective for experimental studies.Brain Research 183, 43?59.

Edmunds, S. M. &Parnavelas, J. G. (1982) Retzius-Cajal cells: an ultrastructural study in the developing visual cortex of the rat.Journal of Neurocytology 11, 427?46.

Gray, E. G. (1959) Axo-somatic and axo-dendritic synapses of the cerebral cortex: An electron microscope study.Journal of Anatomy 93, 420?33.

Gray, E. G. (1969) Electron microscopy of excitatory and inhibitory synapses: A brief review. InMechanisms of Synaptic Transmission, Progress in Brain Research, Vol. 31 (edited byAkert, K. andWaser, P. G.), pp. 141?55. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Herkenham, M. (1980) Laminar organization of thalamic projections to the rat neocortex.Science 207, 532?5.

Jones, D. G. &Cullen, A. M. (1979) A quantitative investigation of some presynaptic terminal parameters during synaptogenesis.Experimental Neurology 64, 245?59.

Jones, D. G. &Devon, R. M. (1980) An analysis of the association between various synaptic parameters during cortical development.Cell and Tissue Research 208, 237?46.

Juraska, J. M. &Fifková, E. (1979) An electron microscope study of the early postnatal development of the visual cortex of the hooded rat.Journal of Comparative Neurology 183, 257?68.

Kostovi?, I. &Molliver, M. E. (1974) A new interpretation of the laminar development of cerebral cortex: synaptogenesis in different layers of neopallium in the human fetus.Anatomical Record 178, 395.

Kristt, D. A. (1979) Development of neocortical circuitry: Quantitative ultrastructural analysis of putative monoaminergic synapses.Brain Research 178, 69?88.

Kristt, D. A. &Molliver, M. E. (1976) Synapses in newborn rat cerebral cortex: a quantitative ultrastructural study.Brain Research 108, 180?6.

Levay, S. (1973) Synaptic patterns in the visual cortex of the cat and monkey. Electron microscopy of Golgi preparations.Journal of Comparative Neurology 150, 53?86.

Levitt, P. &Moore, R. Y. (1979) Development of the noradrenergic innervation of neocortex.Brain Research 162, 243?59.

Lieberman, A. R. &Parnavelas, J. G. (1980) Preliminary evidence for a phase of hypertrophy during the postnatal development of cortical non-pyramidal cells.Journal of Anatomy 130, 644?5.

Lund, J. S. &Lund, R. D. (1970) The termination of callosal fibers in the paravisual cortex of the rat.Brain Research 17, 25?45.

Lund, R. D. &Mustari, M. J. (1977) Development of the geniculocortical pathway in rats.Journal of Comparative Neurology 173, 289?306.

Miller, M. (1981) Maturation of rat visual cortex. I. A quantitative study of Golgi-impregnated pyramidal neurons.Journal of Neurocytology 10, 859?78.

Molliver, M. E., Kostovi?, I. &Van Der Loos, H. (1973) The development of synapses in cerebral cortex of the human fetus.Brain Research 50, 403?7.

Molliver, M. E. &Kristt, D. A. (1975) The fine structural demonstration of monoaminergic synapses in immature rat neocortex.Neuroscience Letters 1, 305?10.

Molliver, M. E. &Van Der Loos, H. (1970) The ontogenesis of cortical circuitry: The spatial distribution of synapses in somesthetic cortex of newborn dog.Ergebnisse der Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte 42, 1?54.

Parnavelas, J. G., Bradford, R., Mounty, E. J. &Lieberman, A. R. (1978) The development of non-pyramidal neurons in the visual cortex of the rat.Anatomy and Embryology 155, 1?14.

Parnavelas, J. G. &Chatzissavidou, A. (1981) The development of the thalamic projections to layer I of the visual cortex of the rat.Anatomy and Embryology 163, 71?5.

Parnavelas, J. G. &Globus, A. (1976) The effect of continuous illumination on the development of cortical neurons in the rat: A Golgi study.Experimental Neurology 51, 637?47.

Parnavelas, J. G. &Lieberman, A. R. (1979) An ultrastructural study of the maturation of neuronal somata in the visual cortex of the rat.Anatomy and Embryology 157, 311?28.

Parnavelas, J. G., Sullivan, K., Lieberman, A. R. &Webster, K. E. (1977) Neurons and their synaptic organization in the visual cortex of the rat. Electron microscopy of Golgi preparations.Cell and Tissue Research 183, 499?517.

Peters, A. &Fairén, A. (1978) Smooth and sparsely spined stellate cells in the visual cortex of the rat: A study using a combined Golgi-electron microscope technique.Journal of Comparative Neurology 181, 129?72.

Purves, D. &Lichtman, J. W. (1978) Formation and maintenance of synaptic connections in autonomic ganglia.Physiological Reviews 58, 821?62.

Purves, D. &Lichtman, J. W. (1980) Elimination of synapses in the developing nervous system.Science 210, 153?7.

Schlumpf, M., Shoemaker, W. J. &Bloom, F. E. (1980) Innervation of embryonic rat cerebral cortex by catecholamine-containing fibers.Journal of Comparative Neurology 192, 361?76.

Sillito, A. M. (1975) The contribution of inhibitory mechanisms to the receptive field properties of neurones in the striate cortex of the cat.Journal of Physiology 250, 305?29.

Sillito, A. M. (1979) Inhibitory mechanisms influencing complex cell orientation selectivity and their modification at high resting discharge levels.Journal of Physiology 289, 33?53.

Somogyi, P. (1978) The study of Golgi stained cells and of experimental degeneration under the electron microscope: A direct method for the identification in the visual cortex of three successive links in a neuron chain.Neuroscience 3, 167?80.

Tsumoto, T., Eckart, W. &Creutzfeldt, O. D. (1979) Modification of orientation sensitivity of cat visual cortex neurons by removal of GABA-mediated inhibition.Experimental Brain Research 34, 351?63.

Uchizono, K. (1965) Characteristics of excitatory and inhibitory synapses in the central nervous system of the cat.Nature 207, 642?3.

Vrensen, G., De Groot, D. &Nunes-Cardozo, J. (1977) Postnatal development of neurons and synapses in the visual and motor cortex of rabbits: A quantitative light and electron microscopic study.Brain Research Bulletin 2, 405?16.

Wolff, J. R. (1976) Quantitative analysis of topography and development of synapses in the visual cortex.Experimental Brain Research Suppl. 1, 259?63.

Wolff, J. R. (1978) Ontogenetic aspects of cortical architecture: lamination. InArchitectonics of the Cerebral Cortex (edited byBrazier, M. A. B. andPetsche, H.), pp. 159?73. New York: Raven Press.

Ze?evic, N. R. &Molliver, M. E. (1978) The origin of the monoaminergic innervation of immature rat neocortex: an ultrastructural analysis following lesions.Brain Research 150, 387?97.