Nguyên nhân, chẩn đoán và điều trị tình trạng cương dương kéo dài: Tổng hợp báo cáo của Ban đồng thuận Quỹ Hoa Kỳ về Bệnh lý Tiết niệu

Berger R, Billups K, Brock G, et al.: Report of the American Foundation for Urologic Disease (AFUD) Thought Leader Panel for evaluation and treatment of priapism. Int J Impot Res 2001, 13(Suppl 5):S39–43. State-of-the-art review of the disease. This article includes a logical, algorithmic approach to the various subtypes of priapism. Papadopoulos I, Kelami A: Priapus and priapism. From mythology to medicine. Urology 1988, 32:385–386. Krco MJ, Jacobs SC, Lawson RK: Priapism due to solid malignancy. Urology 1984, 23:264–266. Wilson F, Staff WG: Malignant priapism: an unexpected response to local anaesthetic infiltration of the dorsal nerves of the penis. Br J Surg 1982, 69:469. Chan PT, Begin LR, Arnold D, et al.: Priapism secondary to penile metastasis: a report of two cases and a review of the literature. J Surg Oncol 1998, 68:51–59. Eland IA, van der Lei J, Stricker BH, Sturkenboom MJ: Incidence of priapism in the general population. Urology 2001, 57:970–972. One of the few large-scale epidemiologic surveys of the incidence of priapism in the general population. Linet OI, Ogrinc FG: Efficacy and safety of intracavernosal alprostadil in men with erectile dysfunction. The Alprostadil Study Group. N Engl J Med 1996, 334:873–877. Fowler JE Jr, Koshy M, Strub M, Chinn SK: Priapism associated with the sickle cell hemoglobinopathies: prevalence, natural history, and sequelae. J Urol 1991, 145:65–68. Tarry WF, Duckett JW Jr, Snyder HM 3rd: Urological complications of sickle cell disease in a pediatric population. J Urol 1987, 138:592–594. Emond AM, Holman R, Hayes RJ, Serjeant GR: Priapism and impotence in homozygous sickle cell disease. Arch Intern Med 1980, 140:1434–1437. Mantadakis E, Cavender JD, Rogers ZR, et al.: Prevalence of priapism in children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1999, 21:518–522. Compton MT, Miller AH: Priapism associated with conventional and atypical antipsychotic medications: a review. J Clin Psychiatry 2001, 62:362–366. An excellent review of the role of psychotropic medications in the induction of priapism. Altman AL, Seftel AD, Brown SL, Hampel N: Cocaine associated priapism. J Urol 1999, 161:1817–1818. A review of an increasingly common cause of refractory priapism. A urine toxicology screen is now suggested for all men who present with priapism. Steinhardt GF, Steinhardt E: Priapism in children with leukemia. Urology 1981, 18:604–606. Suri R, Goldman JM, Catovsky D, et al.: Priapism complicating chronic granulocytic leukemia. Am J Hematol 1980, 9:295–299. Lapan DI, Graham AR, Bangert JL, et al.: Amyloidosis presenting as priapism. Urology 1980, 15:167–170. Maurice-Williams RS, Marsh HT: Priapism as a feature of claudication of the cauda equina. Surg Neurol 1985, 23:626–628. Bschleipfer TH, Hauck EW, Diemer TH, et al.: Heparin-induced priapism. Int J Impot Res 2001, 13:357–359. Zimbelman J, Lefkowitz J, Schaeffer C, et al.: Unusual complications of warfarin therapy: skin necrosis and priapism. J Pediatr 2000, 137:266–268. Wilson SK, Klionsky BL, Rhamy RK: A new etiology of priapism: Fabry’s disease. J Urol 1973, 109:646–648. Hebuterne X, Frere AM, Bayle J, Rampal P: Priapism in a patient treated with total parenteral nutrition. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1992, 16:171–174. Goulding FJ: Priapism caused by glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency. J Urol 1976, 116:819–820. Kachhi PN, Henderson SO: Priapism after androstenedione intake for athletic performance enhancement. Ann Emerg Med 2000, 35:391–393. Whalen RK, Whitcomb RW, Crowley WF Jr, McGovern FJ: Priapism in hypogonadal men receiving gonadotropin releasing hormone. J Urol 1991, 145:1051–1052. Zargooshi J: Priapism as a complication of high dose testosterone therapy in a man with hypogonadism. J Urol 2000, 163:907. Slayton W, Kedar A, Schatz D: Testosterone induced priapism in two adolescents with sickle cell disease. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 1995, 8:199–203. Keoghane SR, Sullivan ME, Miller MA: The aetiology, pathogenesis and management of priapism. BJU Int 2002, 90:149–154. Spycher MA, Hauri D: The ultrastructure of the erectile tissue in priapism. J Urol 1986, 135:142–147. Broderick GA, Gordon D, Hypolite J, Levin RM: Anoxia and corporal smooth muscle dysfunction: a model for ischemic priapism. J Urol 1994, 151:259–262. Baba H, Furusawa N, Tanaka Y, et al.: Intermittent priapism associated with lumbar spinal stenosis. Int Orthop 1994, 18:150–153. Rubin SO: Priapism as a probable sequel to medication. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1968, 2:81–85. Ankem MK, Ferlise VJ, Han KR, et al.: Risperidone-induced priapism. Scand J Urol Nephrol 2002, 36:91–92. Siegel JF, Rich MA, Brock WA: Association of sickle cell disease, priapism, exchange transfusion and neurological events: ASPEN syndrome. J Urol 1993, 150:1480–1482. Bastuba MD, Saenz de Tejada I, Dinlenc CZ, et al.: Arterial priapism: diagnosis, treatment, and long-term followup. J Urol 1994, 151:1231–1237. Lue TF, Hellstrom WJ, McAninch JW, Tanagho EA: Priapism: a refined approach to diagnosis and treatment. J Urol 1986, 136:104–108. Pautler SE, Brock GB: Priapism. From Priapus to the present time. Urol Clin North Am 2001, 28:391–403. A very thorough review of all subtypes of priapism. Seftel AD, Haas CA, Brown SL, et al.: High flow priapism complicating veno-occlusive priapism: pathophysiology of recurrent idiopathic priapism? J Urol 1998, 159:1300–1301. Lee M, Cannon B, Sharifi R: Chart for preparation of dilutions of alpha-adrenergic agonists for intracavernous use in treatment of priapism. J Urol 1995, 153:1182–1183. Futral AA, Witt MA: A closed system for corporeal irrigation in the treatment of refractory priapism. Urology 1995, 46:403–404. Winter CC: Priapism cured by creation of fistulas between glans penis and corpora cavernosa. Trans Am Assoc Genitourin Surg 1977, 69:31–32. Sacher EC, Sayegh E, Frensilli F, et al.: Cavernospongiosum shunt in the treatment of priapism. J Urol 1972, 108:97–100. Sundaram CP, Fernandes ET, Ercole C, Billups KL: Management of refractory priapism with penile prostheses. Br J Urol 1997, 79:659. Powars DR, Johnson CS: Priapism. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 1996, 10:1363–1372. Levine LA, Guss SP: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues in the treatment of sickle cell anemia-associated priapism. J Urol 1993, 150:475–477. Steinberg J, Eyre RC: Management of recurrent priapism with epinephrine self-injection and gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue. J Urol 1995, 153:152–153. Hakim LS, Kulaksizoglu H, Mulligan R, et al.: Evolving concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of arterial high flow priapism. J Urol 1996, 155:541–548. Ciampalini S, Savoca G, Buttazzi L, et al.: High-flow priapism: treatment and long-term follow-up. Urology 2002, 59:110–113. A recent report on long-term follow-up of treatment of arterial priapism. Sandock DS, Seftel AD, Herbener TE, et al.: Perineal abscess after embolization for high-flow priapism. Urology 1996, 48:308–311.