The estimated disease burden of acute COVID-19 in the Netherlands in 2020, in disability-adjusted life-years

European Journal of Epidemiology - 2022
Scott McDonald1, Giske Lagerweij2, Pieter de Boer2, Hester E. de Melker2, Roan Pijnacker2, Lapo Mughini Gras2, Mirjam Kretzschmar3,2, Gerco den Hartog2, Arianne B van Gageldonk-Lafeber2, Susan van den F2, Jacco Wallinga2,4
1Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands. [email protected].
2Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
3University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
4Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

Tóm tắt

AbstractThe impact of COVID-19 on population health is recognised as being substantial, yet few studies have attempted to quantify to what extent infection causes mild or moderate symptoms only, requires hospital and/or ICU admission, results in prolonged and chronic illness, or leads to premature death. We aimed to quantify the total disease burden of acute COVID-19 in the Netherlands in 2020 using the disability-adjusted life-years (DALY) measure, and to investigate how burden varies between age-groups and occupations. Using standard methods and diverse data sources (mandatory notifications, population-level seroprevalence, hospital and ICU admissions, registered COVID-19 deaths, and the literature), we estimated years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability, DALY and DALY per 100,000 population due to COVID-19, excluding post-acute sequelae, stratified by 5-year age-group and occupation category. The total disease burden due to acute COVID-19 was 286,100 (95% CI: 281,700–290,500) DALY, and the per-capita burden was 1640 (95% CI: 1620–1670) DALY/100,000, of which 99.4% consisted of YLL. The per-capita burden increased steeply with age, starting from 60 to 64 years, with relatively little burden estimated for persons under 50 years old. SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated premature mortality was responsible for a considerable direct health burden in the Netherlands, despite extensive public health measures. DALY were much higher than for other high-burden infectious diseases, but lower than estimated for coronary heart disease. These findings are valuable for informing public health decision-makers regarding the expected COVID-19 health burden among population subgroups, and the possible gains from targeted preventative interventions.

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