The effect of grain size, porosity and mineralogy on the compressive strength of tight sandstones: A case study from the eastern Ordos Basin, China

Al-Tahini, 2006, The effect of cementation on the mechanical properties of sandstones, SPE Reservoir Eval. Eng., 9, 308, 10.2118/89069-PA Anders, 2014, Microfractures: a review, J. Struct. Geol., 69, 377, 10.1016/j.jsg.2014.05.011 Atapour, 2018, The influence of mean grain size on unconfined compressive strength of weakly consolidated reservoir sandstones, J. Petrol. Sci. Eng., 171, 63, 10.1016/j.petrol.2018.07.029 Bell, 1993, Survey of the geotechnical properties of some relatively weak Triassic sandstones, Eng. Geol., 139 Bell, 1978, The physical and mechanical properties of the fell sandstones, Northumberland, England. Eng. Geol., 12, 1, 10.1016/0013-7952(78)90002-9 Cai, 2020, Creeping microstructure and fractal permeability model of natural gas hydrate reservoir, Mar. Petrol. Geol., 115, 104282, 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104282 Caicedo, 2005, Unique ROP predictor using bit-specific coefficient of sliding friction and mechanical efficiency as a function of confined compressive strength impacts drilling performance Chang, 2006, Empirical relations between rock strength and physical properties in sedimentary rocks, J. Petrol. Sci. Eng., 51, 223, 10.1016/j.petrol.2006.01.003 Chen, 2003, Some factors affecting the uniaxial strength of weak sandstones, Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., 62, 323, 10.1007/s10064-003-0207-4 Colmenares, 2002, A statistical evaluation of intact rock failure criteria constrained by polyaxial test data for five different rocks, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 39, 695, 10.1016/S1365-1609(02)00048-5 Darby, 2002, Mesozoic contractional deformation in the middle of the Asian tectonic collage: the intraplate Western Ordos fold-thrust belt, China, Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 205, 13, 10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01026-9 David, 1998, The mechanical behaviour of synthetic sandstone with varying brittle cement content, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 35, 759, 10.1016/S0148-9062(98)00003-5 Dobereiner, 1986, Geotechnical properties of weak sandstones, Geotechnique, 36, 79, 10.1680/geot.1986.36.1.79 Eberhardt, 1999, Effects of grain size on the initiation and propagation thresholds of stress-induced brittle fractures, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 32, 81, 10.1007/s006030050026 Eremin, 2020, Three-dimensional finite-difference analysis of deformation and failure of weak porous sandstones subjected to uniaxial compression, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 133, 104412, 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2020.104412 Fahy, 1979, Estimating strength of sandstone using petrographic thin-section data, Environ. Eng. Geosci. xvi, 467, 10.2113/gseegeosci.xvi.4.467 Farrokhrouz, 2017, Experimental investigation for predicting compressive strength of sandstone, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng., 43, 222, 10.1016/j.jngse.2017.03.023 Folk, 1957, Brazos River bar [Texas]; a study in the significance of grain size parameters, J. Sediment. Res., 27, 3, 10.1306/74D70646-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D Gallagher, 1974, Experimental studies relating to microfracture in sandstone, Tectonophysics, 21, 203, 10.1016/0040-1951(74)90053-5 Guéguen, 2013, Elastic envelopes of porous sandstones, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 3550, 10.1002/grl.50676 Gunsallus, 1984, A comparative evaluation of rock strength measures, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 21, 233, 10.1016/0148-9062(84)92680-9 He, 2018, A preliminary fractal interpretation of effects of grain size and grain shape on rock strength, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 52, 1745, 10.1007/s00603-018-1645-4 Hoek, 1995 Hsieh, 2008, Interpretations on how the macroscopic mechanical behavior of sandstone affected by microscopic properties—revealed by bonded-particle model, Eng. Geol., 99, 1, 10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.01.017 Hyslip, 1997, Fractal analysis of the roughness and size distribution of granular materials, Eng. Geol., 48, 231, 10.1016/S0013-7952(97)00046-X Jeng, 2004, Influence of petrographic parameters on geotechnical properties of tertiary sandstones from Taiwan, Eng. Geol., 73, 71, 10.1016/j.enggeo.2003.12.001 Koolivand-Salooki, 2017, Application of Genetic Programing technique for predicting Uniaxial Compressive Strength using reservoir formation properties, J. Petrol. Sci. Eng., 159, 35, 10.1016/j.petrol.2017.09.032 Kranz, 1983, Microcracks in rocks: a review, Tectonophysics, 100, 449, 10.1016/0040-1951(83)90198-1 Laubach, 2009, Mechanical and fracture stratigraphy, AAPG Bull., 93, 1413, 10.1306/07270909094 Li, 2016, Continuous unconventional natural gas accumulations of Carboniferous-Permian coal-bearing strata in the Linxing area, northeastern Ordos basin, China, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng., 36, 314, 10.1016/j.jngse.2016.10.037 Liu, 2018, Tight oil sandstones in upper triassic yanchang formation, Ordos Basin, N. China: reservoir quality destruction in a closed diagenetic system, Geol. J., 54, 3239, 10.1002/gj.3319 Lyu, 2018, Experimental investigation on the mechanical behaviours of a low-clay shale under water-based fluids, Eng. Geol., 233, 124, 10.1016/j.enggeo.2017.12.002 Meckel, 2008, Pervasive tight-gas sandstone reservoirs: an overview, 13 Meng, 2006, Influence of sedimentary environments on mechanical properties of clastic rocks, Eng. Geol., 51, 113 Meulenkamp, 1999, Application of neural networks for the prediction of the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) from Equotip hardness, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 36, 29, 10.1016/S0148-9062(98)00173-9 Min, 2020, The transition from meandering river delta to braided river delta: depositional characteristics and controlling factors from the second member of Shanxi Formation to the eighth member of Lower Shihezi Formation in Southeastern Ordos Basin, Geol. J., 55, 8122, 10.1002/gj.3933 Palchik, 1999, Influence of porosity and elastic modulus on uniaxial compressive strength in soft brittle porous sandstones, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 32, 303, 10.1007/s006030050050 Palchik, 2004, The influence of porosity on tensile and compressive strength of porous chalks, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 37, 331, 10.1007/s00603-003-0020-1 Plum, 1994, 14 Qi, 2019, Influences of organic matter and kaolinite on pore structures of transitional organic-rich mudstone with an emphasis on S2 controlling specific surface area, Fuel, 237, 860, 10.1016/j.fuel.2018.10.048 Qi, 2020, Geological controls on high production of tight gas in linxing block, eastern Ordos Basin, China, Acta Geol. Sin. - Engl. Ed., 94, 430, 10.1111/1755-6724.14334 Qi, 2020, Organic matter provenance and depositional environment of marine-to-continental mudstones and coals in eastern Ordos Basin, China—evidence from molecular geochemistry and petrology, Int. J. Coal Geol., 217, 103345, 10.1016/j.coal.2019.103345 Qiao, 2021, Micro-nanopore structure and fractal characteristics of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the eastern Ordos Basin, China, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 21, 234, 10.1166/jnn.2021.18743 Sabatakakis, 2008, Index properties and strength variation controlled by microstructure for sedimentary rocks, Eng. Geol., 97, 80, 10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.12.004 Sammis, 1987, The kinematics of gouge deformation, Pure Appl. Geophys., 125, 777, 10.1007/BF00878033 Shakiba, 2020, An experimental investigation of the proportion of mortar components on physical and geomechanical characteristics of unconsolidated artificial reservoir sandstones, J. Petrol. Sci. Eng., 189, 10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107022 Shakoor, 1991, Relationship between petrographic characteristics, engineering index properties, and mechanical properties of selected sandstones, Environ. Eng. Geosci. xxviii, 55, 10.2113/gseegeosci.xxviii.1.55 Singh, 1988, Relationship among fatigue strength, mean grain size and compressive strength of a rock, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 21, 271, 10.1007/BF01020280 Soroush, 2008, A rapid method for real-time evaluation of formation strength Teymen, 2020, Comparative evaluation of different statistical tools for the prediction of uniaxial compressive strength of rocks, Int. J. Min. Sci. Technol., 30, 785, 10.1016/j.ijmst.2020.06.008 Tyler, 1992, Fractal scaling of soil particle-size distributions: analysis and limitations, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 56, 362, 10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600020005x Ulusay, 2015 Ulusay, 1994, Prediction of engineering properties of a selected litharenite sandstone from its petrographic characteristics using correlation and multivariate statistical techniques, Eng. Geol., 38, 135, 10.1016/0013-7952(94)90029-9 Walker, 1979, Deep-Water sandstone facies and ancient submarine fans: models for exploration for stratigraphic traps, AAPG Bull., 62, 932 Xi, 2019, Diagenesis of tight sandstone reservoirs in the upper triassic yanchang formation, southwestern Ordos Basin, China, Mar. Petrol. Geol., 99, 548, 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.10.031 Yang, 2005, Tectonic and stratigraphic controls of hydrocarbon systems in the Ordos basin: a multicycle cratonic basin in central China, AAPG Bull., 89, 255, 10.1306/10070404027 Yu, 2004, Research method of about fractal feature of the grain size distribution of sandstone, J. China Univ. Min. Technol., 33, 480 Yu, 2020, Geological process of Late Paleozoic shale gas generation in the eastern Ordos Basin, China: revelations from geochemistry and basin modeling, Int. J. Coal Geol., 229, 103569, 10.1016/j.coal.2020.103569 Yu, 2020, Contourite porosity, grain size and reservoir characteristics, Mar. Petrol. Geol., 117, 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104392 Yuan, 2015, Feldspar dissolution, authigenic clays, and quartz cements in open and closed sandstone geochemical systems during diagenesis: typical examples from two sags in Bohai Bay Basin, East China, AAPG Bull., 99, 2121, 10.1306/07101514004 Yuan, 2017, Genetic mechanism of high-quality reservoirs in Permian tight fan delta conglomerates at the northwestern margin of the Junggar Basin, northwestern China, AAPG Bull., 101, 1995, 10.1306/02071715214 Zeynali, 2012, Mechanical and physico-chemical aspects of wellbore stability during drilling operations, J. Petrol. Sci. Eng., 82–83, 120, 10.1016/j.petrol.2012.01.006 Zhang, 1990, Micromechanics of pressure-induced grain crushing in porous rocks, J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth, 95, 341, 10.1029/JB095iB01p00341 Zheng, 2020, Characteristics and controlling factors of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the Upper Paleozoic strata of Linxing area in the Ordos Basin, China, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng., 75, 10.1016/j.jngse.2019.103135 Zong, 2020, Strength properties and evolution laws of cracked sandstone samples in re-loading tests, Int. J. Min. Sci. Technol., 30, 251, 10.1016/j.ijmst.2019.03.004 Zorlu, 2008, Prediction of uniaxial compressive strength of sandstones using petrography-based models, Eng. Geol., 96, 141, 10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.10.009