The effect of food availability on phenotypic plasticity in larvae of the temperate sea cucumber Australostichopus mollis

Andrew David Morgan1
1School of Applied Science, Bay of Plenty Polytechnic, Private Bag TG12001, Tauranga, New Zealand

Tài liệu tham khảo

Archer, J.E. 1996. Aspects of the reproductive and larval biology and ecology, of the temperate holothurian Stichopus mollis. MSc thesis, University of Auckland. 189pp. Asha, 2002, Spawning and larval rearing of sea cucumber Holothuria (Theelothuria) spinifera Theel, SPC Beche-de-mer Inf. Bull., 16, 11 Battaglene, 1999, Survival and growth of cultured juvenile sea cucumbers Holothuria scabra, Aquaculture, 178, 293, 10.1016/S0044-8486(99)00130-1 Battaglene, 2002, Spawning induction of three tropical sea cucumbers, Holothuria scabra, Holothuria fuscogilva and Actinopyga mauritiana, Aquaculture, 207, 29, 10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00725-6 Bertram, 1998, Effects of maternal and larval nutrition on growth and form of planktotrophic larvae, Ecology, 79, 315, 10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[0315:EOMALN]2.0.CO;2 Boidron-Metairon, 1988, Morphological plasticity in laboratory-reared echinoplutei of Dendraster excentricus (Eschscholtz) and Lytechinus variegatus (Lamarck) in response to food conditions, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 119, 31, 10.1016/0022-0981(88)90150-5 Chen, 1991, Comparison of larval development and growth of the sea cucumber Actinopyga echinites: ovary induced and DTT-induced ova, Mar. Biol., 109, 453, 10.1007/BF01313510 Dautov, 1997, Structure and properties of hyaline spheres in holothuroid larvae, Invertebr. Reprod. Dev., 32, 155, 10.1080/07924259.1997.9672617 Dautov, 1995, Hyaline spheres in auricularia of Stichopus japonicus, Invertebr. Reprod. Dev., 27, 61, 10.1080/07924259.1995.9672434 George, 1999, Egg quality, larval growth and phenotypic plasticity in a forcipulate seastar, J. Expt. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 237, 203, 10.1016/S0022-0981(98)00205-6 Giraspy, 2005, Australia's first commercial sea cucumber culture and sea ranching project in Hervey Bay, Queensland, Australia, SPC Beche-de-mer Inf. Bull., 21, 29 Giraspy, 2006, Development of large scale hatchery production techniques for the commercially important sea cucumber Holothuria scabra var. versicolour (Conand, 1986) in Queensland, Australia, SPC Beche-de-mer Inf. Bull., 24, 28 Hamel, 1996, Early development, settlement, growth, and spatial distribution of the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 53, 253, 10.1139/f95-186 Hart, 1991, Particle captures and the method of suspension feeding by echinoderm larvae, Biol. Bull., 180, 12, 10.2307/1542425 Hart, 1988, Comparing shapes of echinoplutei using principal components analysis, with an application to larvae of Strongylocentrotus droebachensis, 277 Hart, 1994, Functional consequences of phenotypic plasticity in echinoid larvae, Biol. Bull., 186, 291, 10.2307/1542275 Hinegardner, 1969, Growth and development of the laboratory cultured sea urchin, Biol. Bull., 137, 465, 10.2307/1540168 Ito, 1998, Technical development in seed production of the Japanese sea cucumber, Stichopus japonicus, SPC Beche-de-mer Inf. Bull., 10, 24 James, 2004, Captive breeding of the sea cucumber, Holothuria scabra, from India, vol. 463, 347 James, 1990, Multivariate analysis in ecology and systematics: Pancea or Pandora's Box, Annu. Rev. Ecolog. Syst., 21, 129, 10.1146/annurev.es.21.110190.001021 James, 1994, Hatchery techniques and culture of the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra, vol. 57 Laximinarayana, 2005, Induced spawning and larval rearing of the sea cucumbers, Bohadschia marmorata and Holothuria atra in Mauritius, SPC Beche-de-mer Inf. Bull., 22, 48 Liu, 2004, Studies on hatchery techniques of the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicas, vol. 463, 287 Martinez, 1998, Effect of diet on growth and larval development of the sea cucumber Holothuria nobilis in Guam, 480 McEdward, 1999, Body form and skeletal morphometrics during larval development of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus Lamarck, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 232, 151, 10.1016/S0022-0981(98)00106-3 McEuen, 1991, Development and metamorphosis of two psolid sea cucumbers, Psolus chitonoides and Psolidium bullatum, with a review of reproductive patterns in the family Psolidae (Holothuroidea:Echinodermata), Mar. Biol., 109, 267, 10.1007/BF01319395 Meidel, 1999, Relative importance of parental and larval nutrition on larval development and metamorphosis of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachensis, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 240, 161, 10.1016/S0022-0981(99)00046-5 Mercier, 2000, Settlement preferences and early migration of the tropical sea cucumber Holothuria scabra, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 249, 89, 10.1016/S0022-0981(00)00187-8 Mercier, 2004, Aquaculture of the Galapágos sea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus, vol. 463, 347 Morgan, 2001, The effect of food availability on early growth, development and survival of the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), SPC Beche-de-mer Inf. Bull., 14, 6 Morgan, A.D. 2003. Variation in reproduction and development of the temperate sea cucumber Stichopus mollis. PhD thesis. University of Auckland. 187p. Morgan, A.D., in press-a. Spawning of the temperate sea cucumber Australostichopus mollis (Levin). Journal of the World Aquaculture Society. Morgan, A.D. in press-b. The assessment of egg and larval quality during hatchery production of the temperate sea cucumber Australostichopus mollis. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society. Pitt, 2004, Breeding and rearing of the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra in Viet Nam, vol. 463, 333 Ramofafia, 1995, Spawning and early larval rearing of Holothuria atra, SPC Beche-de-mer Inf. Bull., 7, 2 Schiopu, 2004, Effect of salinity and algal diet on larval growth of the sand dollar Mellita isometra, Invertebr. Reprod. Dev., 45, 69, 10.1080/07924259.2004.9652574 Sewell, 2002, Phylum Echinodermata: Holothuroidea, 513 Smiley, 1986, Metamorphosis of Stichopus californicus (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) and its phylogenetic implications, Biol. Bull., 171, 611, 10.2307/1541627 Strathmann, 1971, The feeding behaviour of planktotrophic echinoderm larvae: Mechanisms, regulation, and rates of suspension feeding, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 6, 109, 10.1016/0022-0981(71)90054-2 Strathmann, 1975, Larval feeding in echinoderms, Amer. Zool., 15, 717, 10.1093/icb/15.3.717 Strathmann, M.F., 1987. Reproduction and Development of Marine Invertebrates of the Northern Pacific Coast. University of Washington Press, Seattle. Strathmann, 1992, Heterochronic developmental plasticity in larval sea urchins and its implications for evolution of non-feeding larvae, Evolution, 46, 972, 10.2307/2409750 Sui, 2004, The progress and prospects of studies on artificial propagation and culture of the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicas, vol. 463, 273 Wang, 2004, Breeding and culture of the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicas, Liao, vol. 463, 277