Sự phát triển của liệu pháp xạ trị định vị (SBRT) cho ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ giai đoạn sớm không thể phẫu thuật: Một hiện tượng toàn cầu

Journal of Radiation Oncology - Tập 1 - Trang 3-10 - 2012
Gregory M. M. Videtic1
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA

Tóm tắt

Ung thư phổi là loại ung thư phổ biến nhất trên toàn cầu. Tiêu chuẩn điều trị cho ung thư phổi giai đoạn sớm là cắt bỏ phẫu thuật. Bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán này thường có các bệnh kèm theo khiến phẫu thuật không khả thi. Các phương pháp cắt bỏ hạn chế dẫn đến việc kiểm soát bệnh không đầy đủ. Các lựa chọn lịch sử thay thế phẫu thuật như xạ trị thông thường mang lại kết quả kém và độc tính không cần thiết. Trong suốt thập kỷ qua, liệu pháp xạ trị định vị cơ thể (SBRT) đã nổi lên như một phương thức xạ trị mới với nhiều ứng dụng quan trọng trong dân số ung thư phổi giai đoạn sớm không thể phẫu thuật. Một loạt các báo cáo quốc tế cả hồi cứu và tiến cứu đã xác lập tính khả thi, an toàn và hiệu quả của SBRT ở những bệnh nhân này, sử dụng nhiều phác đồ liều lượng và công nghệ khác nhau. Kết quả của SBRT nhất quán cho thấy kiểm soát tại chỗ tuyệt vời, ít độc tính cấp tính, và cải thiện khả năng sống sót toàn bộ so với các đối chứng lịch sử của xạ trị phân đoạn. Các thử nghiệm tiến cứu đang diễn ra nhằm xác định phác đồ SBRT tối ưu cho dân số không thể phẫu thuật và bắt đầu khám phá vai trò của nó cho bệnh nhân có thể phẫu thuật.

Từ khóa

#ung thư phổi #SBRT #xạ trị định vị #điều trị ung thư #không thể phẫu thuật

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