The craniovertebral junction, between osseous variants and abnormalities: insight from a paleo-osteological study
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Adams SJ, Rakheja R, Bryce R, Babyn PS (2018) Incidence and economic impact of incidental findings on 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging. Can Assoc Radiol J 69:63–70
Ankith NV, Avinash M, Srivijayanand KS, Ajoy PS, Rishi MK, Shanmuganathan R (2019) Congenital osseous anomalies of the cervical spine: occurrence, morphological characteristics, embryological basis and clinical significance: a computed tomography based study. Asian Spine J 13:535–543
Badve SA, Bhojraj S, Nene A, Raut A, Ramakanthan R (2010) Occipito-atlanto-axial osteoarthritis. Spine 35:434–438
Berry AC (1975) Factors affecting the incidence of non-metrical skeletal variants. J Anat 120:519–535
Berry AC, Berry RJ (1967) Epigenetic variation in the human cranium. J Anat 101:361–379
Brenner DJ, Hricak H (2010) Radiology exposure from medical imaging: time to regulate? JAMA 304:208–209
Brown M, Verheyden C (2009) Posterior fossa infarction following cleft palate repair and the arcuate foramen. Plast Reconstr Surg 124:237e–239e
Brown MW, Templeton AW, Hodges FJ 3rd (1964) The incidence of acquired and congenital fusions in the cervical spine. AJR 92:1255–1259
Buikstra JE, Ubelaker DH (1994) Standards for data collection from human skeletal remains, Research Series, no. 44. Arkansas Archaeological Survey, Fayetteville
Cave AJ (1930) On fusion of the atlas and axis vertebrae. J Anat 64:337–343
Clarke RA, Catalan G, Diwan AD, Kearsley JH (1998) Heterogeneity in Klippel-Feil syndrome: a new classification. Pediatr Radiol 28:967–974
Currarino G, Rollins N, Diehl JT (1994) Congenital defects of the posterior arch of the atlas: a report of seven cases including an affected mother and son. AJNR 15:249–254
Cushing KE, Ramesh V, Gardner-Medwin D et al (2001) Tethering of the vertebral artery in the congenital arcuate foramen of the atlas vertebra: a possible cause of vertebral artery dissection in children. Dev Med Child Neurol 43:491–496
Elliott RE, Tanweer O (2014) The prevalence of the ponticulus posticus (arcuate foramen) and its importance in the Goel-Harms procedure: meta-analysis and review of the literature. World Neurosurg 82:e335-343
Fadzil F (2011) Median occipital condyle associated with atlantoaxial instability and myelopathy: a case report. Med J Malaysia 66:365–366
Feil A (1919) L’absence et la diminution des vértebras cervicales (etude clinique et pathogenique): le syndrome de la reduction numerique cervicale. Master/Doctorate Degree Thesis, Paris, University of Paris
Figueiredo N, Moraes LB, Serra A, Castelo S, Gonsales D, Medeiros RR (2008) Median (third) occipital condyle causing atlantoaxial instability and myelopathy. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 66:90–92
Freyschmidt J, Brossmann J, Wiens J, Sternberg A (2003) Borderlands of normal and early pathological findings in skeletal radiography. Thieme, New York
Geipel P (1955) Zur kenntnis der spaltbildungen des atlas und epistropheus. Teil IV Zentralbl Allg Pathol 94:19–84
Gunderson CH, Greenspan RH, Glaser GH, Lubs HA (1967) The Klippel-Feil syndrome: genetic and clinical reevaluation of cervical fusion. Medicine 46:491–512
Hasan M, Shukla S, Siddiqui MS, Singh D (2001) Posterolateral tunnels and ponticuli in human atlas vertebrae. J Anat 199:339–343
Hauser G, De Stefano GF (1989) Epigenetic variants of the human skull. Schweizerbart, Stuttgard, p 135
Hensinger RN (1989) Congenital anomalies of the odontoid congenital agenesis, hypoplasia, and os odontoideum). In: Committee CSRSE (ed) The cervical spine, 2nd edn. JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, p 248
Hong JT, Lee SW, Son BC et al (2008) Analysis of anatomical variations of bone and vascular structures around the posterior atlantal arch using three-dimensional computed tomography angiography. J Neurosurg Spine 8:230–236
Hosalkar HS, Sankar WN, Wills BP, Goebel J, Dormans JP, Drummond DS (2008) Congenital osseous anomalies of the upper cervical spine. J Bone Joint Surg Am 90:337–348
Huang MJ, Glaser JA (2003) Complete arcuate foramen precluding C1 lateral mass screw fixation in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis: case report. Iowa Orthop J 23:96–99
Janssen N, Mebis W, Gielen J (2019) Unilateral paracondylar-epitransverse neo-articulation with secondary atlas-axis rotation anomaly. J Belg Soc Radiol 103:42
Jones ET, Mayer P (2000) Distúrbios regionais do sistema muscoloesquelético—região cervical. In: Weinstein SL, Buckwalter JA (eds) Ortopedia de Turek—Princípios e Sua Aplicação, 5th edn. Manole Editor, Paulo, pp 345–363
Jumah F, Alkhdour S, Mansour S et al (2017) Os odontoideum: a comprehensive clinical and surgical review. Cureus 9:e1551
Kadadi SP, Mallikarjun M, Jayaprakash BR (2016) A study of fusion of cervical vertebrae—C2 with C3. IJBR 7:12–15
Karau PB, Ogengo JA, Hassanali J, Odula P (2010) Anatomy and prevalence of atlas vertebrae bridges in a Kenyan population: an osteological study. Clin Anat 23:649–653
Kessel M, Balling R, Gruss P (1990) Variations of cervical vertebrae after expression of a Hox-1.1 transgene in mice. Cell 61:301–308
Kim KH, Park KW, Manh TH, Yeom JS, Chang BS, Lee CK (2007) Prevalence and morphologic features of ponticulus posticus in Koreans: analysis of 312 radiographs and 225 three-dimensional CT scans. Asian Spine J 1:27–31
Klimo P, Blumenthal DT, Couldwell WT (2003) Congenital partial aplasia of the posterior arch of the atlas causing myelopathy: case report and review of the literature. Spine 28:224–228
Kotil K, Kalayci M, Bilge T (2007) Management of cervicomedullary compression in patients with congenital and acquired osseous-ligamentous pathologies. Clin Neurosci 14:540–549
Lamendin H (1992) A simple technique for age estimation in adult corpses: the two criteria dental method. J Forensic Sci 37:1373–1379
Lombardi G (1961) The occipital vertebra. Am J Roentgenol 86:260–269
Lucy P (1890) Les anomalies de l’occipital expliquées par l’anatomie comparée et le développement. Imprimerie Nouvelle, Lyon, pp 50–52
Meckel JF (1815) Uber einige Abnormitaten der Knochen. Dtsch Arch Physiol (halle/berlin) 1:641–644
Menezes AH (2008) Craniocervical developmental anatomy and its implications. Childs Nerv Syst 4:1109–1122
Menezes AH, Fenoy KA (2009) Remnants of occipital vertebrae: proatlas segmentation abnormalities. Neurosurgery 64:945–954
Menezes AH, VanGilder JC (1989) Anomalies of the craniovertebraljunction. In: Youmans JR (ed) Neurological surgery, 3rd edn. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 1359–1420
Mitchell J (1998a) The incidence and dimensions of the retroarticular canal of the atlas vertebra. Acta Anat 163:113–120
Mold JW, Stein HFC (1986) The cascade effect in the clinical care of patients. N Engl J Med 314:512–514
Montrisaet R, Petcharunpaisan S (2020) Proatlas anomalies in craniofacial malformations: 5-year experience in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Childs Nerv Syst 36:2829–2834
Müller F, O’Rahilly R (2003) Segmentation in staged human embryos: the occipitocervical region revisited. J Anat 203:251–258
Murjani B, Bhosale R, Ramaswami E, Kadam S, Ramchandani A (2021) Anatomical variations of clivus: a descriptive anatomical study. Surg Radiol Anat 43:945–951
Nagy L, Ray C (2014) Spontaneously improving occipitocondylar hyperplasia: a case report. J Neurol Surg Rep 75:e141-143
Pang D, Thompson DNP (2011) Embryology and bony malformations of the craniovertebral junction. Childs Nerv Syst 27:523–564
Paraskevas G, Papaziogas B, Tsonidis C, Kapetanos G (2005) Gross morphology of the bridges over the vertebral artery groove on the atlas. Surg Radiol Anat 27:129–136
Pękala PA, Henry BM, Pękala JR et al (2017) Prevalence of foramen arcuale and its clinical significance: a meta-analysis of 55,985 subjects. J Neurosurg Spine 27:276–290
Pérez-Vallina JR, Riaño-Galán I, Cobo-Ruisánchez A, Orejas-Rodriguez-Arango G, López-Muñiz C, Fernández-Martínez JM (2002) Congenital anomaly of craniovertebral junction: atlas–dens fusion with C1 anterior arch cleft. J Spinal Disord Tech 15:84–87
Prescher A, Brors D, Adam G (1996) Anatomic and radiologic appearance of several variants of the craniovertebral junction. Skull Base Surg 6:83–94
Rao PV, Mbajiorgu EF, Levy LF (2002) Bony anomalies of the craniocervical junction. Cent Afr J Med 48:17–23
Ravikanth R, Majumdar P (2020) Embryological considerations and evaluation of congenital anomalies of craniovertebral junction: a single-center experience. Tzu Chi Med J 33:175–180
Roy PP, Arun DM, Shedge SA (2018) Fusion of axis with third cervical vertebra. J Evol Med Dent Sci 7:3763–3765
Scheuer L, Black S, Christie A (2000) Developmental juvenile osteology. Academic Press, San Diego
Schulze PJ, Buurman R (1980) Absence of the posterior arch of the atlas. Am J Roentgenol 134:178–180
Sedney CL, Rosen CL (2011) Cervical abnormalities causing vertebral artery dissection in children. J Neurosurg Pediatry 7:272–275
Senoglu M, Safavi-Abbasi S, Theodore N, Bambakidis NC, Crawford NR, Sonntag VK (2007) The frequency and clinical significance of congenital defects of the posterior and anterior arch of the atlas. J Neurosurg Spine 7:399–402
Shah M, Halalmeh DR, Sandio A, Tubbs RS, Moisi MD (2020) Anatomical variations that can lead to spine surgery at the wrong level: part I, cervical spine. Cureus 12:e8667
Shoja MM, Ramdhan R, Jensen CJ et al (2018) Embryology of the craniocervical junction and posterior cranial fossa, part I: development of the upper vertebrae and skull. Clin Anat 31:466–487
Sjøvold T (1984) A report on the heritability of some cranial measurements and non-metric traits. In: Van Vark GN, Howells WW (eds) Multivariate statistical methods in physical anthropology. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 223–246
Smoker WR (1994) Craniovertebral junction: normal anatomy, craniometry, and congenital anomalies. Radiographics 14:255–277
Stubbs DM (1992) The arcuate foramen. Variability in distribution related to race and sex. Spine 17:1502–1504
Taitz C, Nathan H (1986) Some observations on the posterior and lateral bridge of the atlas. Acta Anat 127:212–217
Tayebi Meybodi K, Tajik F, Sadrhosseini SM, Nejat F, Zeinalizadeh M (2015) Bilateral occipito-condylar hyperplasia: a very rare anomaly treated with endoscopic endo-nasal approach. Childs Nerv Syst 31:1201–1205
Travan L, Sabbadini G, Saccheri P, Crivellato E (2008) Unusual case of occipital vertebra in a medieval skeleton. Anat Sci Int 83:286–290
Travan L, Saccheri P, Sabbadini G, Crivellato E (2011) Bilateral arcuate foramen associated with partial defect of the posterior arch of the atlas in a medieval skeleton: case report and review of the literature. Looking backward to go forward. Surg Radiol Anat 33:495–500
Travan L, Saccheri P, Toso F, Crivellato E (2013) Congenital axis dysmorphism in a medieval skeleton. Childs Nerv Syst 29:707–712
Travan L, Saccheri P, Gregoraci G, Mardegan C, Crivellato E (2015) Normal anatomy and anatomic variants of vascular foramens in the cervical vertebrae: a paleo-osteological study and review of the literature. Anat Sci Int 90:308–323
Trinkaus E (2018) An abundance of developmental anomalies and abnormalities in Pleistocene people. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 115:11941–11946
Tsuang F, Chen J, Wang Y, Lai D-M (2011) Occipitocervical malformation with atlas duplication. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 82:1101–1102
Tubbs RS, Wellons JC III, Blount JP, Grabb PA, Oakes WJ (2003) Inclination of the odontoid process in the pediatric Chiari I malformation. J Neurosurg 98:43–49
Tubbs RS, Hansasuta A, Loukas M, Louis RG Jr, Shoja MM, Salter EG, Oakes WJ (2007) The basilar venous plexus. Clin Anat 20:755–759
Tubbs RS, Griessenauer CJ, Loukas M, Zurada A, Shoja MM, Cohen-Gadol AA (2010) The enigmatic clival canal: anatomy and clinical significance. Childs Nerv Syst 26:1207–1210
Tubbs RS, Lingo PR, Mortazavi MM, Cohen-Gadol AA (2013) Hypoplastic occipital condyle and third occipital condyle: review of their dysembryology. Clin Anat 26:928–932
Ulmer JL, Elster AD, Ginsberg LE, Williams DW 3rd (1993) Klippel-Feil syndrome: CT and MR of acquired and congenital abnormalities of cervical spine and cord. J Comput Assist Tomogr 17:215–224
von Torklus D, Gehle W (1972) The upper cervical spine. Thieme, Stuttgard
Wackenheim A (1974) Roentgen diagnosis of the craniovertebral region. Springer, New York
Wight S, Osborn N, Breen AC (1999) Headache. Incidence of ponticulus posterior of the atlas in migraine and cervicogenic. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 22:15–20
Wolf-Vollenbröker M, Prescher A (2021) The ligamentum condylicum posterius as a precursor structure of the processus condylicus posterior, another proatlas-manifestation of the human occipital bone. J Anat. https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.13444
Wysocki J, Bubrowski M, Reymond J, Kwiatkowski J (2003) Anatomical variants of the cervical vertebrae and the first thoracic vertebra in man. Folia Morphol 62:357–363
Young JP, Young PH, Ackermann MJ, Anderson PA, Riew KD (2005) The ponticulus posticus: implications for screw insertion into the first cervical lateral mass. J Bone Joint Surg Am 87:2495–2498
Zeoli T, Iwanaga J, Bui CJ, Dumont AS, Tubbs RS (2020) Duplication of the odontoid process with other congenital defects of the craniocervical junction: case report and review of the literature. Anat Cell Biol 53:522–526