The conviction of delusional beliefs scale: Reliability and validity

Amador, 2004 American Psychiatric Association, 2000 Appelbaum, 1999, Dimensional approach to delusions: comparison across types and diagnoses, Am. J. Psychiatry, 156, 1938, 10.1176/ajp.156.12.1938 Appelbaum, 2004, Persistence and stability of delusions over time, Compr. Psychiatry, 45, 317, 10.1016/j.comppsych.2004.06.001 Bentall, 1996, Abnormalities of self-representation and persecutory delusions: a test of the cognitive model of paranoia, Psychol. Med., 26, 1231, 10.1017/S0033291700035959 Birchwood, 1994, A self-report insight scale for psychosis: reliability, validity and sensitivity to change, Acta Psychiatr. Scand., 89, 62, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01487.x Bouchard, 1996, Cognitive restructuring in the treatment of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia: a critical analysis, Behav. Ther., 27, 257, 10.1016/S0005-7894(96)80017-7 Brett-Jones, 1987, Measuring delusional experiences: a method and its application, Br. J. Clin. Psychol., 26, 257, 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1987.tb01359.x Cather, 2004, Advances in the cognitive–behavioral treatment of schizophrenia: a focus on delusions, J. Cogn. Psychother.: Int. Q., 18, 207, 10.1891/jcop.18.3.207.65650 Cather, 2005, A pilot study of functional cognitive behavioral therapy for schizophrenia, Schizophr. Res., 74, 201, 10.1016/j.schres.2004.05.002 Chadwick, 1990, Measurement and modification of delusional beliefs, J. Consult. Clin. Psychol., 58, 225, 10.1037/0022-006X.58.2.225 Combs, 2002, The preliminary development of the conviction of delusional beliefs scale Combs, 2005, The further development and validation of the conviction of delusional beliefs scale Devillis, 1991, Guidelines for scale development Eisen, 1998, The Brown assessment of beliefs scale: reliability and validity, Am. J. Psychiatry, 155, 102, 10.1176/ajp.155.1.102 First, 2001 Freeman, 1999, Worry, worry processes and dimensions of delusions: an exploratory investigation of a role for anxiety in the maintenance of delusional distress, Behav. Cogn. Psychother., 27, 47, 10.1017/S135246589927107X Freeman, 1998, The London–East Anglia randomized controlled trial of cognitive–behavioral therapy for psychosis. IV: self-esteem and persecutory delusions, Br. J. Clin. Psychol., 37, 415, 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1998.tb01399.x Freeman, 2001, Persecutory delusions: developing the understanding of belief maintenance and emotion distress, Psychol. Med., 31, 1293, 10.1017/S003329170100455X Freeman, 2002, A cognitive model of persecutory delusions, Br. J. Clin. Psychol., 41, 331, 10.1348/014466502760387461 Freeman, 2004, Why do people with delusions fail to choose more realistic explanations for their experiences? An empirical investigation, J. Consult. Clin. Psychol., 72, 671, 10.1037/0022-006X.72.4.671 Garety, 1987, Characteristics of delusional experience, Eur. Arch. Psychiatr. Neurol. Sci., 236, 294, 10.1007/BF00380955 Garety, 2005, Reasoning, emotions, and delusional conviction in psychosis, J. Abnorm. Psychology, 114, 373, 10.1037/0021-843X.114.3.373 Groth-Marnat, 1997 Haddock, 1998, Individual cognitive-behavior therapy in the treatment of hallucinations and delusions: a review, Clin. Psychol. Rev., 18, 821, 10.1016/S0272-7358(98)00007-5 Haddock, 1999, Scales to measure dimensions of hallucinations and delusions: the psychotic symptom rating scales (PSYRATS), Psychol. Med., 29, 879, 10.1017/S0033291799008661 Hole, 1979, A cognitive investigation of schizophrenic delusions, Psychiatry, 42, 312, 10.1080/00332747.1979.11024035 Jaspers, K., 1968. General Psychopathology (1923). Translated by Hoenig J, Hamilton MW. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. Kendler, 1983, Dimensions of delusional experience, Am. J. Psychiatry, 140, 466, 10.1176/ajp.140.4.466 Kinderman, 1996, Self-discrepancies and persecutory delusions: evidence for a model of paranoid ideation, J. Abnorm. Psychology, 105, 106, 10.1037/0021-843X.105.1.106 Kinderman, 1997, Causal attributions in paranoia and depression: internal, personal, and situations attributions for negative events, J. Abnorm. Psychology, 106, 341, 10.1037/0021-843X.106.2.341 Kingdon, 2005 Leeser, 1999, What is a delusion? Epistemological dimensions, J. Abnorm. Psychology, 108, 687, 10.1037/0021-843X.108.4.687 Lukoff, 1986, Manual for the expanded brief psychiatric rating scale, Schizophr. Bull., 12, 594 Manschreck, 1996, Delusional disorder: the recognition and management of paranoia, J. Clin. Psychiatry, 57, 32 Martin, 2002, Attributional style in outpatients with schizophrenia with and without persecutory delusions, Schizophr. Bull., 28, 131, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006916 McKay, R., Langdon, R., Coltheart, M., in press. The defensive function of persecutory delusions: An investigation using the implicit association test. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry. Mortiz, S., Werner, R., Collani, G., in press. The inferiority complex in paranoia re-addressed. A study with the implicit association test. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry. Mueser, 1997, Factor structure of the brief psychiatric rating scale in schizophrenia, Psychol. Assess., 9, 196, 10.1037/1040-3590.9.3.196 Mullen, 2003, Delusions: the continuum versus category debate, Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry, 37, 505, 10.1046/j.1440-1614.2003.01239.x Nunnally, 1994 Peters, 2004, Measuring delusional ideation: the 21-item Peters et al., Delusions Inventory, Schizophr. Bull., 30, 1005, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007116 Roberts, 1991, Delusional belief systems and meaning in life: a preferred reality, Br. J. Psychiatry, 14, 19, 10.1192/S0007125000296438 Sharp, 1996, Delusional phenomenology — dimensions of change, Behav. Res. Ther., 34, 123, 10.1016/0005-7967(95)00059-3 Stoll, 1987, A multidimensional approach to schizophrenic delusions Strauss, 1969, Hallucinations and delusions as points on continua function: rating scale evidence, Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 21, 581, 10.1001/archpsyc.1969.01740230069010 Tabachnick, 1996 Taylor, 1992, Delusions and violence, in violence and mental disorder Thurber, 2002, The Zung self-rating depression scale: convergent validity and diagnostic discrimination, Assessment, 9, 401, 10.1177/1073191102238471 van Os, 2000, Strauss (1969) revisited: a psychosis continuum in the general population?, Schizophr. Res., 45, 11, 10.1016/S0920-9964(99)00224-8 Ventura, 1993, Training and quality assurance with the brief psychiatric rating scale: ‘the drift busters’, Int. J. Methods Psychiatr. Res., 3, 221 Verdoux, 2002, Psychotic symptoms in non-clinical populations and the continuum of psychosis, Schizophr. Res., 54, 59, 10.1016/S0920-9964(01)00352-8 Wilkinson, 1993 Woods, 2003, Chlorpromazine equivalent doses for the newer atypical antipsychotics, J. Clin. Psychiatry, 64, 663, 10.4088/JCP.v64n0607 Zung, 1965, A self-rating depression scale, Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 12, 63, 10.1001/archpsyc.1965.01720310065008