Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Sự đóng góp của việc sử dụng bảo hộ hô hấp và bảo vệ thính giác đối với sự căng thẳng tâm lý tại nơi làm việc: một bài tổng quan
Tóm tắt
Công nhân từ nhiều ngành công nghiệp sử dụng thiết bị bảo hộ cá nhân (PPE) bao gồm khẩu trang, mặt nạ bảo vệ hô hấp và thiết bị bảo vệ thính giác để giảm thiểu sự tiếp xúc với các yếu tố nguy hại trong môi trường làm việc. Nhiều nghiên cứu đã đánh giá các tác động sinh lý từ việc sử dụng PPE, nhưng ít nghiên cứu đánh giá các tác động tâm lý. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu hiện tại là thực hiện một bài tổng quan nhằm tổng hợp các chứng cứ hiện có và xác định mức độ hiểu biết về việc sử dụng khẩu trang, mặt nạ bảo vệ hô hấp hoặc thiết bị bảo vệ thính giác như một yếu tố tâm lý xã hội (yếu tố gây stress) có thể dẫn đến phản ứng căng thẳng và có khả năng dẫn đến chấn thương tâm lý. Bài tổng quan đã tuân thủ các phương pháp được công nhận và được thực hiện thông qua Ovid Emcare, PubMed, Sage Journals, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SpringerLink, Google Scholar và các cơ sở dữ liệu tiền xuất bản (OSF Preprints và medRxiv). Các bài báo về các yếu tố gây stress liên quan đến việc sử dụng khẩu trang, mặt nạ bảo vệ hô hấp và thiết bị bảo vệ thính giác đã được đưa vào. Dữ liệu thu thập được bao gồm tên tác giả, năm xuất bản, tiêu đề bài báo, thiết kế nghiên cứu, dữ liệu về quần thể, các yếu tố gây stress được đánh giá và các phát hiện chính. Chúng tôi đã thu thập được 650 bài báo sau khi loại bỏ trùng lặp, trong đó 26 bài được cho là đủ tiêu chuẩn để đưa vào xem xét. Các yếu tố được xác định liên quan đến việc sử dụng PPE có thể tạo ra phản ứng căng thẳng bao gồm: tác động giao tiếp, tác động vật lý, triệu chứng bệnh tâm lý, tác động nhận thức và các tác động liên quan đến PPE được cảm nhận. Bằng chứng cho thấy việc sử dụng mặt nạ bảo vệ hô hấp có thể liên quan đến chấn thương tâm lý. Tuy nhiên, thiết bị bảo vệ thính giác dường như có tác dụng bảo vệ trong việc giảm triệu chứng tâm lý như lo âu, trầm cảm và sự hung hãn. Việc sử dụng khẩu trang hoặc mặt nạ bảo vệ hô hấp có thể dẫn đến sự gia tăng căng thẳng liên quan đến công việc. Ngược lại, thiết bị bảo vệ thính giác có thể có tác động bảo vệ chống lại các triệu chứng tâm lý và cải thiện khả năng nghe hiểu lời nói. Cần có nhiều nghiên cứu hơn nữa để hiểu rõ hơn về các tác động tâm lý xã hội tiềm tàng của việc sử dụng khẩu trang, mặt nạ bảo vệ hô hấp và/hoặc thiết bị bảo vệ thính giác.
Từ khóa
#bảo vệ hô hấp #bảo vệ thính giác #thiết bị bảo hộ cá nhân #căng thẳng tâm lý #mối nguy hại tâm lý xã hội #nghiên cứu tổng quanTài liệu tham khảo
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