The conjunction of factors that lead to formation of giant gold provinces and deposits in non-arc settings

Geoscience Frontiers - Tập 7 - Trang 303-314 - 2016
David I. Groves1,2, Richard J. Goldfarb1,2,3, M. Santosh2,4,5
1Centre for Exploration Targeting, UWA, Nedlands 6009, Australia
2State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
3U.S. Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO, 80225, USA
4Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration, Dept. of Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
5Division of Interdisciplinary Science, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan

Tài liệu tham khảo

Allibone, 2002, Structural controls on gold mineralization at the Ashanti deposit, Obuasi, Ghana, Society of Economic Geologists Special Publication, 9, 65 Bakke, 1998, The Fort Knox porphyry gold deposit, Eastern Central Alaska: an overview and update, 89 Bettles, 2002, Exploration and geology, 1962-2002, at the Goldstrike property, Carlin trend, Nevada, Society of Economic Geologists Special Publications, 9, 275 Boxer, 1989, The geology and volcanology of the Argyle (AK1) lamproite diatreme, Western Australia, Geological Society of Australia Special Publication, 14, 140 Cline, 2005, Carlin-type Deposits in Nevada: Critical Geological Characteristics and Viable Models, 371 Cline, 2013, A comparison of Carlin-type gold deposits—Guizhou province, Golden Triangle, southwest China, and northern Nevada, USA, Earth Science Frontiers, 20, 1 Colvine, 1984, An Integrated Model for the Origin of Archean Lode-gold Deposits 2002, 269 Cooke, 2005, Giant porphyry deposits, characteristics, distribution and tectonic controls, Economic Geology, 100, 801, 10.2113/gsecongeo.100.5.801 Cox, 2001, Principles of structural control on permeability and fluid flow in hydrothermal systems, Society of Economic Geologists Reviews, 14, 1 Cunningham, 2004, Formation of a paleothermal anomaly and disseminated gold deposits associated with the Bingham Canyon porphyry Cu-Au-Mo system, Utah, Economic Geology, 99, 789, 10.2113/gsecongeo.99.4.789 Emsbo, 1999, Syngenetic Au on the Carlin trend: Implications for Carlin-type deposits, Geology, 27, 59, 10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0059:SAOTCT>2.3.CO;2 Emsbo, 2003, Origin of high-grade gold ore, source of ore fluid components, and genesis of the Meikle and neighboring Carlin-type deposits, northern Carlin trend, Nevada, Economic Geology, 98, 1069, 10.2113/gsecongeo.98.6.1069 Emsbo, 2006, The giant Carlin gold province: a protracted interplay of orogenic, basinal and hydrothermal processes above a lithospheric boundary, Mineralium Deposita, 41, 517, 10.1007/s00126-006-0085-3 Evans, 2010, A test of the viability of fluid–wall rock interaction mechanisms for changes in opaque phase assemblage in metasedimentary rocks in the Kambalda-St. Ives goldfield, Western Australia, Mineralium Deposita, 45, 207, 10.1007/s00126-009-0260-4 Goff, 2004, The giant Vergenoeg fluorite deposit in a magnetite-fluorite-fayalite-REE pipe: a hydrothermally altered carbonatite-related pegmatoid?, Mineralogy and Petrology, 80, 173, 10.1007/s00710-003-0012-6 Goldfarb, 2015, Orogenic gold: common or evolving fluid and metal sources through time, Lithos, 10.1016/j.lithos.2015.07.011 Goldfarb, 2014, The dilemma of the Jiaodong gold deposits: are they unique?, Geoscience Frontiers, 5, 139, 10.1016/j.gsf.2013.11.001 Goldfarb, 2001, Orogenic gold and geologic time: a global synthesis, Ore Geology Reviews, 18, 1, 10.1016/S0169-1368(01)00016-6 Goldfarb, 2005, Distribution, Character, and Genesis of Gold Deposits in Metamorphic Belts, 407 Goldfarb, 2014, Phanerozoic continental growth and gold metallogeny of Asia, Gondwana Research, 25, 48, 10.1016/j.gr.2013.03.002 Grainger, 2008, Metallogenesis of the Carajas Mineral Province, Southern Amazon Craton, Brazil: Varying Styles of Archean through Paleoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic base- and precious- metal mineralisation, 33, 451 Grauch, 2003, Geophysical and isotopic constraints on crustal structure related to mineral trends in north-central Nevada and implications for tectonic history, Economic Geology, 98, 269 Groves, 2015, Province-scale commonalities of some world-class gold deposits: implications for mineral exploration, Geoscience Frontiers, 6, 389, 10.1016/j.gsf.2014.12.007 Groves, 2014, A looming crisis for the mineral exploration industry: a geological perspective, SEG Newsletter, 98, 10 Groves, 1998, Orogenic gold deposits - a proposed classification in the context of their crustal distribution and relationship to other gold deposit types, Ore Geology Reviews, 13, 7, 10.1016/S0169-1368(97)00012-7 Groves, 1987, Craton-scale distribution of Archaean greenstone gold deposits: predictive capacity of the metamorphic model, Economic Geology, 82, 2045, 10.2113/gsecongeo.82.8.2045 Groves, 2000, Late-kinematic timing of orogenic gold deposits and significance for computer-based exploration techniques with emphasis on the Yilgarn Block, Western Australia, Ore Geology Reviews, 17, 1, 10.1016/S0169-1368(00)00002-0 Groves, 2005, Secular changes in global tectonic processes and their influence on the temporal distribution of gold-bearing mineral deposits, Economic Geology, 100, 203, 10.2113/gsecongeo.100.2.203 Groves, 2010, Iron-oxide copper-gold (IOCG) deposits through Earth history. Implications for origin, lithospheric setting, and distinction from other epigenetic iron oxide deposits, Economic Geology, 105, 641, 10.2113/gsecongeo.105.3.641 Hart, 2002, Geology, exploration and discovery in the Tintina gold province, Alaska and Yukon, Society of Economic Geologists Special Publication, 9, 241 2005 Hitzman, 1992, Geological characteristics and tectonic setting of Proterozoic iron oxide (Cu-U-Au-REE) deposits, Precambrian Research, 58, 241, 10.1016/0301-9268(92)90121-4 Hodgson, 1993, Introduction to giant ore deposits, Society of Economic Geologists Special Publication, 2, 1 Hofstra, 2000, Characteristics and models for Carlin-type gold deposits, Reviews in Economic Geology, 13, 163 Hronsky, 2011, Self-organised critical systems and ore formation, SEG Newsletter, 84, 14 Hronsky, 2008, Science of targeting. Definition, strategies, targeting and performance measurement, Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 55, 3, 10.1080/08120090701581356 Hronsky, 2012, A unified model for gold mineralisation in accretionary orogens and implications for regional scale targeting methods, Mineralium Deposita, 47, 339, 10.1007/s00126-012-0402-y Hutchinson, 1987, Metallogeny of Precambrian gold deposits: space and time relationships, Economic Geology, 90, 1918 Kerrich, 2000, The geodynamics of world-class gold deposits: characteristics, space-time distributions, and origins, Reviews in Economic Geology, 13, 501 Knight, 1993, District-scale structural and metamorphic controls on Archaean lode-gold mineralization in the amphibolites facies Coolgardie Goldfield, Western Australia, Mineralium Deposita, 28, 436, 10.1007/BF02431601 Lang, 2000, An exploration model for intrusion-related gold systems, SEG Newsletter, 40 Large, 2005, Stratiform and Strata-bound Zn-Pb-Ag Deposits in Proterozoic Sedimentary Basins, Northern Australia, 931 Large, 2011, A carbonaceous sedimentary source-rock model for Carlin-type and orogenic gold deposits, Economic Geology, 106, 331, 10.2113/econgeo.106.3.331 Laznicka, 2006 Leahy, 2005, Geodynamic processes that control the global distribution of giant gold deposits, Geological Society of London Special Publication, 248, 119, 10.1144/GSL.SP.2005.248.01.06 Loucks, 2012, Chemical characteristics, geodynamic settings, and petrogenesis of copper- ore-forming arc magmas, Centre for Exploration Targeting UWA Quarterly Newsletter, 19, 1 Mair, 2011, Petrogenesis of mid-Cretaceous post-collisional magmatism at Scheelite Dome, Yukon, Canada: evidence for a lithospheric mantle source for intrusion-related gold systems, Economic Geology, 106, 451, 10.2113/econgeo.106.3.451 Marschik, 2001, The Candelaria – Punta del Cobre iron oxide Cu-Au (-Zn-Ag) deposits, Chile, Economic Geology, 96, 1766 McFarlane, 2011, Geology and intrusion-related affinity of the Morila gold mine, southeast Mali, Economic Geology, 106, 727, 10.2113/econgeo.106.5.727 Müller, 1993, Direct and indirect associations between potassic igneous rocks, shoshonites and gold-copper deposits, Ore Geology Reviews, 8, 386, 10.1016/0169-1368(93)90035-W Muntean, 2009, Fluid pathways at the Turquoise Ridge Carlin-type gold deposit, Getchell District, Nevada, 251 Muntean, 2011, Magmatic-hydrothermal origin of Nevada's Carlin-type gold deposits, Nature Geoscience, 4, 122, 10.1038/ngeo1064 Neumayr, 2007, Oxidised and reduced mineral assemblages in greenstone belt rocks of the St Ives gold camp, Western Australia-vectors to high-grade ore bodies in Archean gold deposits, Mineralium Deposita, 43, 363, 10.1007/s00126-007-0170-2 O'Driscoll, 1985, The application of lineament tectonics in the discovery of the Olympic Dam Cu-U deposit at Roxby Downns, South Australia, Global Tectonics and Metallogeny, 3, 43 Oberthuer, 1994, Gold mineralization in the Ashanti Belt of Ghana: genetic constraints on the stable isotope geochemistry, Economic Geology, 91, 289, 10.2113/gsecongeo.91.2.289 Ojala, 1993, The Granny Smith gold deposit: the role of heterogeneous stress distribution at an irregular granitoid contact in a greenschist facies terrane, Mineralium Deposita, 28, 409, 10.1007/BF02431599 Phillips, 1996, Factors in the formation of the giant Kalgoorlie gold deposit, Ore Geology Reviews, 10, 295, 10.1016/0169-1368(95)00028-3 Richards, 2013, Giant ore deposits formed by optimal alignments and combinations of geological processes, Nature Geoscience, 911, 10.1038/ngeo1920 Rosnes, 1991, Spore-forming thermophylic sulphate-reducing bacteria isolated from North Sea oil field waters, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 578, 2302, 10.1128/AEM.57.8.2302-2307.1991 Rowins, 1997, A reinterpretation of the role of granitoids in the genesis of Neoproterozoic gold mineralization in the Telfer Dome, Western Australia, Economic Geology, 92, 133, 10.2113/gsecongeo.92.2.133 Sarma, 2011, Archaean gold mineralization synchronous with late cratonization of the Western Dharwar Craton, India: 2.52 Ga U-Pb ages of hydrothermal monazite and xenotime in gold deposits, Mineralium Deposita, 46, 273, 10.1007/s00126-010-0326-3 Sengor, 1996, Palaeotectonics of Asia-fragments of a synthesis, 486 Sibson, 1988, High-angle reverse faults, fluid pressure cycling, and mesothermal gold–quartz deposits, Geology, 16, 551, 10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0551:HARFFP>2.3.CO;2 Sillitoe, 2005, Andean Copper Province: Tectonomagmatic Settings, Deposit Types, Metallogeny, Exploration and Discovery, 845 Singer, 1995, World class base and precious metal deposits: a quantitative analysis, Economic Geology, 90, 88, 10.2113/gsecongeo.90.1.88 Steadman, 2013, Age, origin and significance of nodular sulphides in 2680 Ma carbonaceous black shale of the Eastern Goldfields Superterrane, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia, Precambrian Research, 230, 227, 10.1016/j.precamres.2013.02.013 Trench, 2015, The western Arabian-Nubian Shield: a rapidly emerging gold province, SEG Newsletter, 1, 13 Tripp, 2014, How Neoarchean stratigraphy and structural geology determine the timing and controls of world-class greenstone gold camps in the Eastern Goldfields Province: key factors for gold exploration. Gold'14 Extended Abstracts, AIG Bulletin 59-2014, 124 Vielreicher, 2015, The timing of gold mineralization across the eastern Yilgarn using U-Pb geochronology of hydrothermal phosphate minerals, Mineralium Deposita Vielreicher, 2000, The Phalabowra (Palabora) deposit and its potential connection to iron-oxide-copper-gold deposits, 321 Walshe, 2003, 827 1993, 349 Wijns, 2004, Compressional tectonics of the Carlin gold trend, 292 Williams, 2005, Iron Oxide Copper Gold Deposits: Geology, Space-time Relationships and Possible Modes of Origin, 371 Xiao, 2014, The western Central Asian Orogenic Belt: a window to accretionary orogenesis and continental growth, Gondwana Research, 25, 1429, 10.1016/j.gr.2014.01.008 Xiao, 2015, Continental reconstruction and metallogeny of the Circum-Junggar areas and termination of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt, Geoscience Frontiers, 6, 137, 10.1016/j.gsf.2014.11.003