Thách thức trong việc biên soạn hồ sơ dữ liệu để kích thích hành động phòng ngừa sức khỏe tại địa phương: một nghiên cứu trường hợp châu Âu về an toàn trẻ em

International Journal of Public Health - Tập 60 - Trang 449-456 - 2015
Denise Alexander1,2, Michael Rigby2, Mika Gissler2,3, Lennart Köhler2, Morag MacKay4
1Department of International Health, School for Public Health and Primary Care (caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
2Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg, Sweden
3National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
4European Child Safety Alliance, Birmingham, UK

Tóm tắt

Trải nghiệm tích cực gần đây khi trình bày dữ liệu so sánh về an toàn cho trẻ em ở cấp độ quốc gia đã kích thích hành động chính sách ở châu Âu. Hi vọng rằng một Chỉ số An toàn Trẻ em có thể định lượng mức độ an toàn của một cộng đồng, khu vực hoặc địa phương cho trẻ em so với các khu vực tương tự trong châu Âu, như một trọng tâm cho các hành động cụ thể tại địa phương. Các chỉ số đã được xác nhận do các dự án châu Âu trước đó đề xuất, được xác định từ các lĩnh vực phòng ngừa chấn thương trẻ em, chẳng hạn như an toàn giao thông, bỏng hoặc ngộ độc, đã được chọn để cung cấp một bức tranh cân bằng và được lấy từ dữ liệu đã công bố có sẵn. Một chỉ số sử dụng một điểm phụ cho từng chủ đề chấn thương cụ thể đã được đề xuất. Việc trình bày các chỉ số, độ nhạy và tính phù hợp cũng như sẵn có dữ liệu đã được xem xét. Các chỉ số thỏa đáng không được xác định cho tất cả các lĩnh vực và rất ít dữ liệu ở khu vực địa phương có sẵn. Điều này đã buộc các nhà nghiên cứu kết luận rằng vào thời điểm hiện tại, việc xây dựng một Chỉ số An toàn Trẻ em đáng tin cậy để sử dụng ở cấp độ địa phương là không khả thi. Có một thiếu hụt dữ liệu đáng lo ngại ở cấp độ tiểu quốc gia để hỗ trợ phòng ngừa chấn thương, đánh giá can thiệp và cho phép việc ra quyết định thông tin tại địa phương.

Từ khóa

#an toàn trẻ em #chỉ số an toàn #phòng ngừa chấn thương #hành động chính sách #dữ liệu địa phương

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