The biology of the predatory miteHypoaspis miles (Acari: Laelapidae), a potential biological control agent ofBradysia paupera (Dipt.: Sciaridae)
Tóm tắt
The following aspects ofHypoaspis miles' biology were investigated; development rate of egg to adult at different temperatures, fecundity, longevity and rate of predation on sciarids. With an increase in temperature the time taken for development decreased from 33.7 days at 15°C to 9.2 days at 28°C. The threshold temperature forH. miles to complete its life cycle was between 10° and 12°C. When fed onAcarus siro, H. miles laid 2–3 eggs a day and unfertilized eggs only developed into males. Adults ofH. miles (0–1 day old) survived for 24.0±1.4 days without food and if fed for 6 days and then starved, females lived for 65.4±2.6 days which was significantly longer than males (45.2±3.0 days). With food, 60% of males and females survived for 142 days. All larval instars of sciarids were attacked byH. miles although the numbers consumed were dependent on the size of the larvae. Egg predation was negligible and pupae were not attacked. In productivity studies ofH. miles in culture (fed onA. siro), the time taken for the mites to reach a density of 45–65,000/litre ranged from 76 to 23 days at 15° and 28°C respectively.
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