The association between lower educational attainment and depression owing to shared genetic effects? Results in ~25 000 subjects

Molecular Psychiatry - Tập 20 Số 6 - Trang 735-743 - 2015
David Schlessinger1, Sang Lee2, Yuri Milaneschi1, Abdel Abdellaoui1, Enda M. Byrne2, Tõnu Esko3,4,5, Eco J. C. de Geus1, Gibran Hemani6,2, Jouke‐Jan Hottenga1, Stefan Kloiber7, Patrick J. F. Groenen8, Susanne Lucae7, Cathryn M. Lewis2, Steven P. Hamilton9, Myrna M. Weissman10, Gerome Breen11, Douglas Blackwood, Sven Cichon12, Andrew C. Heath13, F Holsboer14, Elina Hyppönen15, Peter McGuffin16, Pierandrea Muglia16, M L Pergadia, Dan Lin14, Bertram Müller‐Myhsok13, Stacy Steinberg13, Hans J. Grabe, Paul Lichtenstein17, Patrik K. E. Magnusson17, Roy H. Perlis, Martin Preisig18, J W Smoller, Kāri Stefánsson19, Rudolf Uher20, Zoltán Kutalik21, Katherine E. Tansey19, Alexander Teumer, Alexander Viktorin, Michael R. Barnes22, Thomas Bettecken23, Elisabeth B. Binder21, René Breuer19, Víctor M. Castro, Susanne Churchill24, William Coryell, Nick Craddock18, Ian Craig, Darina Czamara23, Frauke Degenhardt14, Anne Farmer19, Maurizio Fava22, Josef Frank25, Vivian S. Gainer, Patrick J. Gallagher, Scott D. Gordon, Sergey Goryachev25, M. Gross22, Michel Guipponi22, Anjali K. Henders19, Stefan Herms25, Ian B. Hickie13, Susanne Hoefels25, Witte J.G. Hoogendijk11, Dan V. Iosifescu, Ian Jones25, Lisa Jones23, Tzeng Jung-Ying23, James A. Knowles25, Isaac S. Kohane26, Martin Kohli22, Ania Korszun, Mikael Landén22, William Lawson, Glyn Lewis24, Donald J. MacIntyre27, Henrik Walter11, Manuel Mattheisen22, Patrick J. McGrath, Andrew M. McIntosh, Alan McLean, Christel M. Middeldorp, Lefkos Middleton23, G M Montgomery24, Shawn N. Murphy, Markus Nauck22, Markus M. Nöthen11, Dale R. Nyholt, Michael O’Donovan22, Högni Óskarsson25, Nancy L. Pedersen18, Andrea Schulz, Thomas G. Schulze, Stanley I. Shyn26, Engilbert Sigurðsson19, Susan L. Slager13, JH Smit11, Hreinn Stefánsson25, Michael Steffens22, Thorgeir E. Thorgeirsson23, Federica Tozzi14, Jens Treutlein25, Manfred Uhr22, Gerard van Grootheest, Henry Völzke25, Jeffrey B. Weilburg17, Gonneke Willemsen1, Frans G. Zitman, Benjamin M. Neale17, Mark J. Daly22, P. F. Sullivan, Nicholas G. Martin28, Sarah E. Medland28, Andres Metspalu4,5, Lili Milani4,5, James B. Potash29, Cornelius A. Rietveld30, Stephan Ripke3, Jianxin Shi25, Arpana Agrawal, Eva Albrecht, Liz Lightstone, Jüri Allïk, Najaf Amin, John Attia, Stefania Bandinelli, John Barnard, François Bastardot, Sebastian E. Baumeister, Jonathan Beauchamp, Daniel J. Benjamin, Kelly S. Benke31, Aysu Okbay, Kenneth I. Berger, Lawrence F. Bielak, Laura J. Bierut, Jeffrey A. Boatman, Patricia A. Boyle, Ute Bültmann32, Harry Hemingway, David Cesarini, Guo‐Bo Chen, Lynn Cherkas, Mina K. Chung, Dalton Conley, Francesco Cucca, George Davey Smith, Gail Davies, Mariza de Andrade, Philip L. De Jager, Christiaan de Leeuw, Antonio Terracciano, Ian J. Deary, George Dedoussis, Panos Deloukas, Jaime Derringer, Maria Dimitriou, Guðný Eiríksdóttir, Cristina Venturini, Martin F. Elderson, Johan G. Eriksson, Daniel S. Evans, David M. Evans, Jessica D. Faul, Rudolf S.N. Fehrmann, Luigi Ferrucci, Krista Fischer, Lude Franke, Melissa García, Christian Gieger, Håkon K. Gjessing, Henrik Grönberg, Vilmundur Guðnason, Sara Hägg, Per Hall, Jennifer R. Harris, Juliette Harris, Tamara B. Harris, Nicholas D. Hastie, Caroline Hayward, Dena Hernández, W. Hoffmann, Roelande Hofman, Albert Hofman, Rolf Holle, Elizabeth G. Holliday, Christina Holzapfel, William G. Iacono, Carla A. Ibrahim‐Verbaas, Thomas Benzing, Erik Ingelsson, Bo Jacobsson11, Marjo‐Riitta Järvelin, Min A. Jhun, Magnus Johannesson, Peter K. Joshi, Astanand Jugessur, Marika Kaakinen, Mika Kähönen, Stavroula Kanoni, Jaakko Kaprio10, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Juha Karjalainen, Robert M. Kirkpatrick, Philipp Koellinger, Ivana Kolčić, Matthew Kowgier, Kati Kristiansson, Péter Vollenweider, Jari Lahti, David Laibson, Antti Latvala, Lenore J. Launer, Debbie A. Lawlor, Terho Lehtimäki, Jingmei Li, Peter Lichtner, David C. Liewald, Lin Peng, Penelope A. Lind, Yongmei Liu, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, Marisa Loitfelder, Patrick Magnusson, Michael B. Miller, Pedro Marques‐Vidal, Nicolás W. Martín28, Marco Masala, Matt McGue, Osorio Meirelles, Andrew Bakshi, Andreas Mielck, Grant W. Montgomery, Sutapa Mukherjee, Ronny Myhre, Marja-Liisa Nuotio, Christopher Oldmeadow, Ben A. Oostra, Lyle J. Palmer, Aarno Palotie, Patricia A. Peyser, Ozren Polašek, Daniëlle Posthuma, Katri Räikkönen, Olli T. Raitakari, Anu Realo, Eva Reinmaa, John P. Rice, Susan M. Ring, Samuli Ripatti, Fernando Rivadeneira, Thais S. Rizzi, Igor Rudan, Aldo Rustichini, Veikko Salomaa, Roy Thurik, Helena Schmidt, Reinhold Schmidt, Rodney J. Scott, Konstantin Shakhbazov, Jennifer A. Smith, Harold Snieder, Beaté St Pourcain, Robert Plomin, Jae Hoon Sul, Ida Surakka, Rauli Svento, Toshiko Tanaka, Henning Tiemeier, Nicholas J. Timpson, André G. Uitterlinden, Matthijs J. H. M. van der Loos, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Frank J.A. van Rooij, David R. Van Wagoner, Erkki Vartiainen, Jorma Viikari, Peter M. Visscher, Véronique Vitart, Judith M. Vonk, Gérard Waeber, David R. Weir, Jürgen Wellmann, Antonietta Robino, Heinz‐Erich Wichmann, Elisabeth Widén, James F. Wilson, Alan F. Wright, Jian Yang, Lei Yu, Wei Zhao, Zhihong Zhu2, D.I. Boomsma1, Naomi R. Wray2, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx1
1Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
2University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
3Broad Institute, Cambridge, United States
4Estonian Biocentre, Tartu, Estonia
5Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
6University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
7Max Planck Society, Munich, Germany
8Stanford University, Stanford, United States
9Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
10University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
11Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
12Division of Endocrinology and Center of Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston Broad Institute,
13Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
14Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
15Broad Institute
16Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Cambridge, MA, USA
17Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
18Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
19Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
20Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
21The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
22Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
23Erasmus University Rotterdam Institute for Behavior and Biology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
24Genetic Epidemiology Unit, QIMR Berhgofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
25Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, Biostatistics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
26Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center & GGZ inGeest, Amsterdamm, AJ Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
27University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
28QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
29University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
30Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
31Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
32Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Molecular Psychiatry

Tập 20 Số 6

735-743

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