The applicability of empirical vegetation indices for determining leaf chlorophyll content over different leaf and canopy structures

Blackburn, 1998, Quantifying chlorophylls and carotenoids at leaf and canopy scales: An evaluation of some hyperspectral approaches, Remote Sensing of Environment, 66, 273, 10.1016/S0034-4257(98)00059-5 Blackburn, 1998, Spectral indices for estimating photosynthetic pigment concentrations: A test using senescent tree leaves, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 19, 657, 10.1080/014311698215919 Blackburn, 2006, Hyperspectral remote sensing of plant pigments, Journal of Experimental Botany, 58, 855, 10.1093/jxb/erl123 Broge, 2001, Comparing prediction power and stability of broadband and hyperspectral vegetation indices for estimation of green leaf area index and canopy chlorophyll density, Remote Sensing of Environment, 76, 156, 10.1016/S0034-4257(00)00197-8 Canisius, 2012, Evaluation of the information content of Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) data for regional leaf area index assessment, Remote Sensing of Environment, 119, 301, 10.1016/j.rse.2011.10.013 Canisius, 2010, Comparison and evaluation of Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer leaf area index products across a range of land use, Remote Sensing of Environment, 114, 950, 10.1016/j.rse.2009.12.010 Carter, 1994, Ratios of leaf reflectances in narrow wavebands as indicators of plant stress, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 15, 679, 10.1080/01431169408954109 Caspersen, 2005, Seedling recruitment in a northern temperate forest: the relative importance of supply and establishment limitation, Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 35, 978, 10.1139/x05-024 Chen, 1995, Plant canopy gap size analysis theory for improving optical measurements of leaf area index, Applied Optics, 34, 6211, 10.1364/AO.34.006211 Chen, 1997, A 4-Scale bidirectional reflection model based on canopy architecture, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 35, 1316, 10.1109/36.628798 Chen, 2001, Multiple-scattering scheme useful for hyperspectral geometrical optical modelling, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 39, 1061, 10.1109/36.921424 Chen, 1997, Leaf area index of boreal forests: theory, techniques and measurements, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 429 Coops, 2005, Use of a radiative transfer model to examine variation in reflectance spectra due to damaged Pinus radiata foliage, Australian Journal of Botany, 53, 417, 10.1071/BT04129 Croft, 2013, Modelling leaf chlorophyll content in broadleaf and needle canopies from ground, CASI, Landsat TM 5 and MERIS reflectance data, Remote Sensing of Environment, 133, 128, 10.1016/j.rse.2013.02.006 Curran, 1991, The effect of a red leaf pigment on the relationship between red edge and chlorophyll concentration, Remote Sensing of Environment, 35, 69, 10.1016/0034-4257(91)90066-F Dash, 2004, The MERIS terrestrial chlorophyll index, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 25, 5403, 10.1080/0143116042000274015 Datt, 1999, Visible/near infrared reflectance and chlorophyll content in Eucalyptus leaves, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 20, 2741, 10.1080/014311699211778 Daughtry, 2000, Estimating corn leaf chlorophyll concentration from leaf and canopy reflectance, Remote Sensing of Environment, 74, 229, 10.1016/S0034-4257(00)00113-9 Dawson, 1998, A new technique for interpolating the reflectance red edge position, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 19, 2133, 10.1080/014311698214910 Demarez, 2000, A modeling approach for studying forest chlorophyll content, Remote Sensing of Environment, 71, 226, 10.1016/S0034-4257(99)00089-9 Demetriades-Shah, 1990, High resolution derivative spectra in remote sensing, Remote Sensing of Environment, 33, 55, 10.1016/0034-4257(90)90055-Q Elvidge, 1995, Comparison of broad-band and narrowband red and near-infrared vegetation indices, Remote Sensing of Environment, 54, 38, 10.1016/0034-4257(95)00132-K Féret, 2008, PROSPECT-4 and 5: advances in the leaf optical properties model separating photosynthetic pigments, Remote Sensing o f Environment, 112, 3030, 10.1016/j.rse.2008.02.012 Fieberg, 2005, Assessing uncertainty in ecological systems using global sensitivity analyses: a case example of simulated wolf reintroduction effects on elk, Ecological Modelling, 187, 259, 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.01.042 Filella, 1995, Evaluating wheat nitrogen status with canopy reflectance indices and discriminant analysis, Crop Science, 35, 1400, 10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183X003500050023x Gamon, 1999, Assessing leaf pigment content and activity with a reflectometer, New Phytologist, 143, 105, 10.1046/j.1469-8137.1999.00424.x Gamon, 2010, SpecNet revisited: bridging flux and remote sensing communities, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 36, S376, 10.5589/m10-067 Gitelson, 1994, Quantitative estimation of chlorophyll-a using reflectance spectra: experiments with autumn chestnut and maple leaves, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 22, 247, 10.1016/1011-1344(93)06963-4 Gitelson, 1997, Remote estimation of chlorophyll content in higher plant leaves, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 18, 2691, 10.1080/014311697217558 Gitelson, 2002, Novel algorithms for remote estimation of vegetation fraction, Remote Sensing of Environment, 80, 76, 10.1016/S0034-4257(01)00289-9 Gitelson, 2003, Relationships between leaf chlorophyll content and spectral reflectance and algorithms for non-destructive chlorophyll assessment in higher plant leaves, Journal of Plant Physiology, 160, 271, 10.1078/0176-1617-00887 Gradowski, 2006, Phosphorus limitation of sugar maple growth in central Ontario, Forest Ecology and Management, 226, 104, 10.1016/j.foreco.2005.12.062 Guyot, 1988, 279 Haboudane, 2002, Integrated narrow-band vegetation indices for prediction of crop chlorophyll content for application to precision agriculture, Remote Sensing of Environment, 81, 416, 10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00018-4 Haboudane, 2004, Hyperspectral vegetation indices and novel algorithms for predicting green LAI of crop canopies: modeling and validation in the context of precision agriculture, Remote Sensing of Environment, 90, 337, 10.1016/j.rse.2003.12.013 Haboudane, 2008, Remote estimation of crop chlorophyll content using spectral indices derived from hyperspectral data, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 46, 423, 10.1109/TGRS.2007.904836 Harron, 2000, 193 Inoue, 2003, Synergy of remote sensing and modeling for estimating ecophysiological processes in plant production, Plant Production Science, 6, 3, 10.1626/pps.6.3 Jacquemoud, 1990, PROSPECT: a model of leaf optical properties spectra, Remote Sensing of Environment, 34, 75, 10.1016/0034-4257(90)90100-Z Jacquemoud, 2001, Leaf optical properties: a state of the art, 223 Jordan, 1969, Derivation of leaf-area index from quality of light on the forest floor, Ecology, 50, 663, 10.2307/1936256 Le Maire, 2004, Towards universal broad leaf chlorophyll indices using PROSPECT simulated database and hyperspectral reflectance measurements, Remote Sensing of Environment, 89, 1, 10.1016/j.rse.2003.09.004 Liu, 1990, Hue image RGB colour composition. A simple technique to suppress shadow and enhance spectral signature, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 11, 1521, 10.1080/01431169008955110 Maccioni, 2001, New vegetation indices for remote measurement of chlorophylls based on leaf directional reflectance spectra, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 61, 52, 10.1016/S1011-1344(01)00145-2 Main, 2011, An investigation into robust spectral indices for leaf chlorophyll estimation, ISPRS Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 66, 751, 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2011.08.001 McMurtrey, 1994, Distinguishing nitrogen fertilization levels in field corn (Zea mays L.) with actively induced fluorescence and passive reflectance measurements, Remote Sensing of Environment, 47, 36, 10.1016/0034-4257(94)90125-2 Moorthy, 2008, Estimating chlorophyll concentration in conifer needles with hyperspectral data: an assessment at the needle and canopy level, Remote Sensing of Environment, 112, 2824, 10.1016/j.rse.2008.01.013 Mutanga, 2004, Narrow band vegetation indices overcome the saturation problem in biomass estimation, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 25, 3999, 10.1080/01431160310001654923 Mutanga, 2007, Red edge shift and biochemical content in grass canopies, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 62, 34, 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2007.02.001 Ollinger, 2011, Sources of variability in canopy reflectance and the convergent properties of plants, New Phytologist, 189, 375, 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03536.x Peñuelas, 1995, Semi-empirical indices to assess carotenoids/chlorophyll a ratio from leaf spectral reflectance, Photosynthetica, 31, 221 Rayfield, 2005, Assessing simple versus complex restoration strategies for industrially disturbed forests, Restoration Ecology, 13, 639, 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2005.00082.x Richardson, 2002, An evaluation of non-invasive methods to estimate foliar chlorophyll content, New Phytologist, 153, 185, 10.1046/j.0028-646X.2001.00289.x Richardson, 2003, Reflectance of Alaskan black spruce and white spruce foliage in relation to elevation and latitude, Tree Physiology, 23, 537, 10.1093/treephys/23.8.537 Rondeaux, 1996, Optimization of soil -adjusted vegetation index, Remote Sensing of Environment, 24, 109 Rouse, 1974, 371 Rowe, 1972, 172 Sampson, 2003, Hyperspectral remote sensing of forest condition: estimating chlorophyll content in tolerant hardwoods, Forest Science, 49, 381 Serrano, 2008, Effects of leaf structure on reflectance estimates of chlorophyll content, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 29, 5265, 10.1080/01431160802036359 Simic, 2011, Retrieval of forest chlorophyll content using canopy structure parameters derived from multi-angle data: the measurement concept of combining nadir hyperspectral and off-nadir multispectral data, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 32, 5621, 10.1080/01431161.2010.507257 Sims, 2002, Relationships between leaf pigment content and spectral reflectance acrossa wide range of species, leaf structures and developmental stages, Remote Sensing of Environment, 81, 337, 10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00010-X Smith, 1995, Forecasting wheat yield in a Mediterranean-type environment from the NOAA satellite, Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 46, 113, 10.1071/AR9950113 Ustin, 2004, Using imaging spectroscopy to study ecosystem processes and properties, Bioscience, 54, 523, 10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0523:UISTSE]2.0.CO;2 Verrelst, 2008, A modelling approach for studying forest chlorophyll content in relation to canopy composition Vogelmann, 1993, Red-edge spectral measurements of sugar maple leaves, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 14, 1563, 10.1080/01431169308953986 Wu, 2008, Estimating chlorophyll content from hyperspectral vegetation indices: modeling and validation, Agricultural Forest Meteorology, 148, 1230, 10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.03.005 Zarco-Tejada, 2001, Scaling-up and model inversion methods with narrowband optical indices for chlorophyll content estimation in closed forest canopies with hyperspectral data, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 39, 1491, 10.1109/36.934080 Zarco-Tejada, 2004, Needle chlorophyll content estimation through model inversion using hyperspectral data from boreal conifer forest canopies, Remote Sensing of Environment, 89, 189, 10.1016/j.rse.2002.06.002 Zarco-Tejada, 2005, Assessing vineyard condition with hyperspectral indices: leaf and canopy reflectance simulation in a row-structured discontinuous canopy, Remote Sensing of Environment, 99, 271, 10.1016/j.rse.2005.09.002 Zhang, 2007, Retrieving seasonal variation in chlorophyll content of overstory and understory sugar maple leaves from leaf-level hyperspectral data, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 5, 406, 10.5589/m07-037 Zhang, 2008, Retrieving chlorophyll content of conifer needles from hyperspectral measurements, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 34, 296 Zhang, 2008, Leaf chlorophyll content retrieval from airborne hyperspectral remote sensing imagery, Remote Sensing of Environment, 112, 3234, 10.1016/j.rse.2008.04.005