The adhesive removal test: a sensitive method to assess sensorimotor deficits in mice

Schallert, T. et al. Tactile extinction: distinguishing between sensorimotor and motor asymmetries in rats with unilateral nigrostriatal damage. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 16, 455–462 (1982).

Schallert, T., Fleming, S.M., Leasure, J.L., Tillerson, J.L. & Bland, S.T. CNS plasticity and assessment of forelimb sensorimotor outcome in unilateral rat models of stroke, cortical ablation, parkinsonism and spinal cord injury. Neuropharmacology 39, 777–787 (2000).

Chen, S.F. et al. Lovastatin improves histological and functional outcomes and reduces inflammation after experimental traumatic brain injury. Life Sci. 81, 288–298 (2007).

Hoane, M.R., Pierce, J.L., Holland, M.A. & Anderson, G.D. Nicotinamide treatment induces behavioral recovery when administered up to 4 h following cortical contusion injury in the rat. Neuroscience 154, 861–868 (2008).

Esneault, E. et al. Combined therapeutic strategy using erythropoietin and mesenchymal stem cells potentiates neurogenesis after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 28, 1552–1563 (2008).

Annett, L. et al. Behavioural assessment of the effects of embryonic nigral grafts in marmosets with unilateral 6-OHDA lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway. Exp. Neurol. 125, 228–246 (1992).

Quaranta, A., Siniscalchi, M., Frate, A. & Vallortigara, G. Paw preference in dogs: relations between lateralised behaviour and immunity. Behav. Brain Res. 153, 521–525 (2004).

Starkey, M.L. et al. Assessing behavioural function following a pyramidotomy lesion of the corticospinal tract in adult mice. Exp. Neurol. 195, 524–539 (2005).

Bouet, V. et al. Sensorimotor and cognitive deficits after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the mouse. Exp. Neurol. 203, 555–567 (2007).

Freret, T. et al. Behavioral deficits after distal focal cerebral ischemia in mice: Usefulness of adhesive removal test. Behav. Neurosci. 123, 224–230 (2009).

Komotar, R.J. et al. Neurologic assessment of somatosensory dysfunction following an experimental rodent model of cerebral ischemia. Nat. Protoc. 2, 2345–2347 (2007).

Carmichael, S.T. Rodent models of focal stroke: size, mechanism, and purpose. NeuroRx 2, 396–409 (2005).

Green, A.R. Why do neuroprotective drugs that are so promising in animals fail in the clinic? An industry perspective. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 29, 1030–1034 (2002).

STAIR. Recommendations for standards regarding preclinical neuroprotective and restorative drug development. Stroke 30, 2752–2758 (1999).

Wahlgren, N.G. & Ahmed, N. Neuroprotection in cerebral ischaemia: facts and fancies—the need for new approaches. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 17 (Suppl 1): 153–166 (2004).

Berry, D. et al. Dimeric fibroblast growth factor-2 enhances functional recovery after focal cerebral ischemia. Restor. Neurol. Neurosci. 23, 251–256 (2005).

Freret, T. et al. Long-term functional outcome following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat: correlation between brain damage and behavioral impairment. Behav. Neurosci. 120, 1285–1298 (2006).

Gerlai, R., Thibodeaux, H., Palmer, J.T., van Lookeren Campagne, M. & Van Bruggen, N. Transient focal cerebral ischemia induces sensorimotor deficits in mice. Behav. Brain Res. 108, 63–71 (2000).

Tamura, A., Graham, D.I., McCulloch, J. & Teasdale, G.M. Focal cerebral ischaemia in the rat: 1. Description of technique and early neuropathological consequences following middle cerebral artery occlusion. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 1, 53–60 (1981).

Welsh, F.A., Sakamoto, T., McKee, A.E. & Sims, R.E. Effect of lactacidosis on pyridine nucleotide stability during ischemia in mouse brain. J. Neurochem. 49, 846–851 (1987).

Gonzalez, C.L. & Kolb, B. A comparison of different models of stroke on behaviour and brain morphology. Eur. J. Neurosci. 18, 1950–1962 (2003).

Leker, R.R. et al. Long-lasting regeneration after ischemia in the cerebral cortex. Stroke 38, 153–161 (2007).

Baumann, C.R. et al. Sleep EEG changes after middle cerebral artery infarcts in mice: different effects of striatal and cortical lesions. Sleep 29, 1339–1344 (2006).

Guegan, C. et al. PTD-XIAP protects against cerebral ischemia by anti-apoptotic and transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. Neurobiol. Dis. 22, 177–186 (2006).

van Lookeren Campagne, M. et al. Evidence for a protective role of metallothionein-1 in focal cerebral ischemia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 12870–12875 (1999).

Iadecola, C., Zhang, F., Casey, R., Nagayama, M. & Ross, M.E. Delayed reduction of ischemic brain injury and neurological deficits in mice lacking the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene. J. Neurosci. 17, 9157–9164 (1997).

Bernaudin, M. et al. A potential role for erythropoietin in focal permanent cerebral ischemia in mice. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 19, 643–651 (1999).

Leconte, C. et al. Delayed hypoxic postconditionning protects against cerebral ischemia in the mouse: in vitro identification of potential mediators. (in press) doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.557314 (2009).

Fisher, M. et al. Update of the Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable Preclinical Recommendations. Stroke 40, 2244–2250 (2009).

Willing, A.E. Experimental models: help or hindrance. Stroke 40, S152–S154 (2009).