The WHO-5 Well-Being Index: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics - Tập 84 Số 3 - Trang 167-176 - 2015
Christian Winther Topp1, Søren Dinesen Østergaard2, Susan Søndergaard1, Per Bech1
1Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatric Centre North Zealand, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hillerød,
2Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, Aarhus, and

Tóm tắt

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) is among the most widely used questionnaires assessing subjective psychological well-being. Since its first publication in 1998, the WHO-5 has been translated into more than 30 languages and has been used in research studies all over the world. We now provide a systematic review of the literature on the WHO-5. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted a systematic search for literature on the WHO-5 in PubMed and PsycINFO in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. In our review of the identified articles, we focused particularly on the following aspects: (1) the clinimetric validity of the WHO-5; (2) the responsiveness/sensitivity of the WHO-5 in controlled clinical trials; (3) the potential of the WHO-5 as a screening tool for depression, and (4) the applicability of the WHO-5 across study fields. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 213 articles met the predefined criteria for inclusion in the review. The review demonstrated that the WHO-5 has high clinimetric validity, can be used as an outcome measure balancing the wanted and unwanted effects of treatments, is a sensitive and specific screening tool for depression and its applicability across study fields is very high. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The WHO-5 is a short questionnaire consisting of 5 simple and non-invasive questions, which tap into the subjective well-being of the respondents. The scale has adequate validity both as a screening tool for depression and as an outcome measure in clinical trials and has been applied successfully across a wide range of study fields.

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Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics

Tập 84 Số 3

167-176

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