The Two Stage Model of Preeclampsia: Variations on the Theme

Roberts, 2007, Pre-eclampsia a two-stage disorder: what is the linkage? Are there directed fetal/placental signals?, 183

Khong, 1986, Inadequate maternal vascular response to placentation in pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia and by small-for-gestational age infants, British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 93, 1049, 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1986.tb07830.x

Arias, 1993, Maternal placental vasculopathy and infection: two distinct subgroups among patients with preterm labor and preterm ruptured membranes, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 168, 585, 10.1016/0002-9378(93)90499-9

Schipper, 2005, Tnf-receptor levels in preeclampsia – results of a longitudinal study in high-risk women, Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 18, 283, 10.1080/14767050500246466

Maynard, 2005, Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 and endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, Pediatric Research, 57, 1R, 10.1203/01.PDR.0000159567.85157.B7

Redman, 2005, Latest advances in understanding preeclampsia, Science, 308, 1592, 10.1126/science.1111726

Mellembakken, 2002, Activation of leukocytes during the uteroplacental passage in preeclampsia, Hypertension, 39, 155, 10.1161/hy0102.100778

Roberts, 1999, Is oxidative stress the link in the two-stage model of pre-eclampsia?, Lancet, 354, 788, 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)80002-6

Huppertz, 2008, Placental origins of preeclampsia: challenging the current hypothesis, Hypertension, 51, 970, 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.107607

Burger, 2004, Placental protein 13 (pp-13): effects on cultured trophoblasts, and its detection in human body fluids in normal and pathological pregnancies, Placenta, 25, 608, 10.1016/j.placenta.2003.12.009

Plasencia, 2007, Uterine artery doppler at 11+0 to 13+6weeks in the prediction of pre-eclampsia, Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 30, 742, 10.1002/uog.5157

Rovere-Querini, 2006, Plasma and tissue expression of the long pentraxin 3 during normal pregnancy and preeclampsia, Obstetrics & Gynecology, 108, 148, 10.1097/01.AOG.0000224607.46622.bc

Vatten, 2007, Changes in circulating level of angiogenic factors from the first to second trimester as predictors of preeclampsia, American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 196, 239, 10.1016/j.ajog.2006.10.909

Cetin, 2006, Elevated maternal levels of the long pentraxin 3 (ptx3) in preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 194, 1347, 10.1016/j.ajog.2005.11.018

Ong, 2000, First trimester maternal serum free beta human chorionic gonadotrophin and pregnancy associated plasma protein A as predictors of pregnancy complications, BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 107, 1265, 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11618.x

Spencer, 2007, First-trimester maternal serum pp-13, papp-a and second-trimester uterine artery doppler pulsatility index as markers of pre-eclampsia, Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 29, 128, 10.1002/uog.3876

Chien, 2000, How useful is uterine artery doppler flow velocimetry in the prediction of pre-eclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation and perinatal death? An overview, British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 107, 196, 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11690.x

Aardema, 2001, Uterine artery doppler flow and uteroplacental vascular pathology in normal pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia and small for gestational age fetuses, Placenta, 22, 405, 10.1053/plac.2001.0676

Chappell, 2002, A longitudinal study of biochemical variables in women at risk of preeclampsia, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 187, 127, 10.1067/mob.2002.122969

Savvidou, 2003, Endothelial dysfunction and raised plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine in pregnant women who subsequently develop pre-eclampsia, Lancet, 361, 1511, 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13177-7

Walther, 2005, Angiotensin ii type 1 receptor agonistic antibodies reflect fundamental alterations in the uteroplacental vasculature, Hypertension, 46, 1275, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000190040.66563.04

Shibata, 2005, Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 is increased in preeclampsia but not in normotensive pregnancies with small-for-gestational-age neonates: relationship to circulating placental growth factor, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 90, 4895, 10.1210/jc.2004-1955

Powers, 2008, Evidence of endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia and risk of adverse pregnancy outcome, Reproductive Science, 15, 374, 10.1177/1933719107311780

Catov, 2007, Maternal leptin across pregnancy in women with small-for-gestational-age infants, American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 196, 558, 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.01.032

Goswami, 2006, Excess syncytiotrophoblast microparticle shedding is a feature of early-onset pre-eclampsia, but not normotensive intrauterine growth restriction, Placenta, 27, 56, 10.1016/j.placenta.2004.11.007

Hanssens, 1998, Renin-like immunoreactivity in uterus and placenta from normotensive and hypertensive pregnancies, European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Biology, 81, 177, 10.1016/S0301-2115(98)00187-0

Cetin, 1992, Fetal amino acids in normal pregnancies and in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth retardation, Early Human Development, 29, 183, 10.1016/0378-3782(92)90136-5

Evans, 2003, Maternal and fetal amino acid concentrations and fetal outcomes during pre-eclampsia, Reproduction, 125, 785, 10.1530/rep.0.1250785

Shibata, 2008, Placental system a amino acid transport is reduced in pregnancies with small for gestational age (sga) infants but not in preeclampsia with sga infants, Placenta, 29, 879, 10.1016/j.placenta.2008.07.001

Ness, 1996, Heterogeneous causes constituting the single syndrome of preeclampsia: a hypothesis and its implications, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 175, 1365, 10.1016/S0002-9378(96)70056-X

Sacks, 1998, Normal pregnancy and preeclampsia both produce inflammatory changes in peripheral blood leukocytes akin to those of sepsis, American Journal Of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 179, 80, 10.1016/S0002-9378(98)70254-6

Hubel, 2006, Dyslipidemia and pre-eclampsia, 164

Morris, 1998, Circulating markers of oxidative stress are raised in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia, British Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 105, 1195, 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb09974.x

Robillard, 1994, Association of pregnancy-induced hypertension with duration of sexual cohabitation before conception, Lancet, 344, 973, 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91638-1

Koelman, 2000, Correlation between oral sex and a low incidence of preeclampsia: a role for soluble hla in seminal fluid?, Journal of Reproductive Immunology, 46, 155, 10.1016/S0165-0378(99)00062-5

Einarsson, 2003, Sperm exposure and development of preeclampsia, American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 188, 1241, 10.1067/mob.2003.401

Basso, 2001, Higher risk of pre-eclampsia after change of partner. An effect of longer interpregnancy intervals?, Epidemiology, 12, 624, 10.1097/00001648-200111000-00008

Sibai, 1991, Severe preeclampsia in the second trimester: recurrence risk and long-term prognosis, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 165, 1408, 10.1016/0002-9378(91)90379-6

Irgens, 2001, Long term mortality of mothers and fathers after pre-eclampsia: population based cohort study, British Medical Journal, 323, 1213, 10.1136/bmj.323.7323.1213

Lain, 2005, Second pregnancy outcomes following preeclampsia in a first pregnancy, Hypertension in Pregnancy, 24, 159, 10.1081/PRG-200059869

Germain, 2007, Endothelial dysfunction: a link among preeclampsia, recurrent pregnancy loss, and future cardiovascular events?, Hypertension, 49, 90, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000251522.18094.d4

Catov, 2007, Inflammation and dyslipidemia related to risk of spontaneous preterm birth, American Journal of Epidemiology, 166, 1312, 10.1093/aje/kwm273

Ray, 2006, Metabolic syndrome and higher risk of maternal placental syndromes and cardiovascular disease, Drug Development Research, 67, 607, 10.1002/ddr.20134