The Role of Growth Hormone in Chronic Kidney Disease
Tài liệu tham khảo
Abitbol, 1990, Linear growth and anthropometric and nutritional measurements in children with mild to moderate renal insufficiency: a report of the Growth Failure in Children with Renal Diseases Study, J Pediatr, 116, S46, 10.1016/S0022-3476(05)82925-7
Ingulli, 2014, Growth in children with chronic kidney disease: role of nutrition, growth hormone, dialysis, and steroids, Curr Opin Pediatr, 26, 187, 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000070
Norman, 2000, Nutrition and growth in relation to severity of renal disease in children, Pediatr Nephrol, 15, 259, 10.1007/s004670000465
Rees, 2011, Nutrition and growth in children with chronic kidney disease, Nat Rev Nephrol, 7, 615, 10.1038/nrneph.2011.137
Hokken-Koelega, 1994, Double blind trial comparing the effects of two doses of growth hormone in prepubertal patients with chronic renal insufficiency, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 79, 1185
Hokken-Koelega, 1994, Growth hormone treatment in growth-retarded adolescents after renal transplant, Lancet, 343, 1313, 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)92465-1
Hokken-Koelega, 1994, Final height and its predictive factors after renal transplantation in childhood, Pediatr Res, 36, 323, 10.1203/00006450-199409000-00009
Furth, 2005, Growth and nutrition in children with chronic kidney disease, Adv Chronic Kidney Dis, 12, 366, 10.1053/j.ackd.2005.07.007
Furth, 2011, Metabolic abnormalities, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and GFR decline in children with chronic kidney disease, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 6, 2132, 10.2215/CJN.07100810
Furth, 2002, Growth failure, risk of hospitalization and death for children with end-stage renal disease, Pediatr Nephrol, 17, 450, 10.1007/s00467-002-0838-x
Wong, 2000, Anthropometric measures and risk of death in children with end-stage renal disease, Am J Kidney Dis, 36, 811, 10.1053/ajkd.2000.17674
Bakr, 2007, Psychiatric disorders in children with chronic renal failure, Pediatr Nephrol, 22, 128, 10.1007/s00467-006-0298-9
Furth, 2002, Adverse clinical outcomes associated with short stature at dialysis initiation: a report of the North American Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study, Pediatrics, 109, 909, 10.1542/peds.109.5.909
Mahan, 2006, Assessment and treatment of short stature in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease: a consensus statement, Pediatr Nephrol, 21, 917, 10.1007/s00467-006-0020-y
Mekahli, 2014, Evaluation of quality of life by young adult survivors of severe chronic kidney disease in infancy, Pediatr Nephrol, 29, 1387, 10.1007/s00467-014-2785-8
Greenbaum, 2009, Current advances in chronic kidney disease in children: growth, cardiovascular, and neurocognitive risk factors, Semin Nephrol, 29, 425, 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2009.03.017
Marlais, 2020, Catch-up growth in children with chronic kidney disease started on enteral feeding after 2 years of age, Pediatr Nephrol, 35, 113, 10.1007/s00467-019-04382-9
Postlethwaite, 1998, Growth in renal failure: a longitudinal study of emotional and behavioural changes during trials of growth hormone treatment, Arch Dis Child, 78, 222, 10.1136/adc.78.3.222
Rees, 2013, Nutritional management and growth in children with chronic kidney disease, Pediatr Nephrol, 28, 527, 10.1007/s00467-012-2258-x
Rees, 2007, Nutrition in children with CRF and on dialysis, Pediatr Nephrol, 22, 1689, 10.1007/s00467-006-0279-z
Franke, 2013, Growth and maturation improvement in children on renal replacement therapy over the past 20 years, Pediatr Nephrol, 28, 2043, 10.1007/s00467-013-2502-z
Harambat, 2014, Adult height in patients with advanced CKD requiring renal replacement therapy during childhood, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 9, 92, 10.2215/CJN.00890113
Becherucci, 2016, Chronic kidney disease in children, Clin Kidney J, 9, 583, 10.1093/ckj/sfw047
Seikaly, 2006, Stature in children with chronic kidney disease: analysis of NAPRTCS database, Pediatr Nephrol, 21, 793, 10.1007/s00467-006-0040-7
Seikaly, 2007, Use of rhGH in children with chronic kidney disease: lessons from NAPRTCS, Pediatr Nephrol, 22, 1195, 10.1007/s00467-007-0497-z
Rodig NM, McDermott KC, Schneider MF, et al. Growth in children with chronic kidney disease: a report from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study. Pediatr Nephrol. 2014;29:1987-95.
Soares, 2008, Clinical outcome of children with chronic kidney disease in a pre-dialysis interdisciplinary program, Pediatr Nephrol, 23, 2039, 10.1007/s00467-008-0868-0
Smith, 2007, Contributions of the Transplant Registry: the 2006 Annual Report of the North American Pediatric Renal Trials and Collaborative Studies (NAPRTCS), Pediatr Transplant, 11, 366, 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2007.00704.x
Silverstein, 2018, Growth and nutrition in pediatric chronic kidney disease, Front Pediatr, 6, 205, 10.3389/fped.2018.00205
Zivicnjak, 2007, Growth impairment shows an age-dependent pattern in boys with chronic kidney disease, Pediatr Nephrol, 22, 420, 10.1007/s00467-006-0345-6
Fivush, 1998, Chronic renal insufficiency in children and adolescents: the 1996 annual report of NAPRTCS. North American Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study, Pediatr Nephrol, 12, 328, 10.1007/s004670050462
Van Dyck, 1999, Conservative treatment for chronic renal failure from birth: a 3-year follow-up study, Pediatr Nephrol, 13, 865, 10.1007/s004670050717
Ismaili, 2001, Early prognostic factors of infants with chronic renal failure caused by renal dysplasia, Pediatr Nephrol, 16, 260, 10.1007/s004670000539
Schaefer, 1996, Growth charts for prepubertal children with chronic renal failure due to congenital renal disorders. European Study Group for Nutritional Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure in Childhood, Pediatr Nephrol, 10, 288, 10.1007/BF00866762
Englund, 2003, Growth impairment at renal transplantation–a determinant of growth and final height, Pediatr Transplant, 7, 192, 10.1034/j.1399-3046.2003.00068.x
Franke, 2013, Birth parameters and parental height predict growth outcome in children with chronic kidney disease, Pediatr Nephrol, 28, 2335, 10.1007/s00467-013-2604-7
Greenbaum, 2011, The association between abnormal birth history and growth in children with CKD, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 6, 14, 10.2215/CJN.08481109
Warady, 2015, Predictors of rapid progression of glomerular and nonglomerular kidney disease in children and adolescents: the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) cohort, Am J Kidney Dis, 65, 878, 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.01.008
Li, 2019, Short stature in advanced pediatric CKD is associated with faster time to reduced kidney function after transplant, Pediatr Nephrol, 34, 897, 10.1007/s00467-018-4165-2
Hensley, 1994, Height as a basis for interpersonal attraction, Adolescence, 29, 469
Judge, 2004, The effect of physical height on workplace success and income: preliminary test of a theoretical model, J Appl Psychol, 89, 428, 10.1037/0021-9010.89.3.428
Sargent, 1994, Obesity and stature in adolescence and earnings in young adulthood, Analysis of a British birth cohort. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med., 148, 681
Sandberg, 1998, Quality of life among formerly treated childhood-onset growth hormone-deficient adults: a comparison with unaffected siblings, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 83, 1134
Stabler, 1998, Behavior change after growth hormone treatment of children with short stature, J Pediatr, 133, 366, 10.1016/S0022-3476(98)70271-9
Zimet, 1995, Psychological adjustment of children evaluated for short stature: a preliminary report, J Dev Behav Pediatr, 16, 264, 10.1097/00004703-199508000-00009
Al-Uzri, 2013, The impact of short stature on health-related quality of life in children with chronic kidney disease, J Pediatr, 163, 736, 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.016
Marciano, 2011, Behavioral disorders and low quality of life in children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease, Pediatr Nephrol, 26, 281, 10.1007/s00467-010-1683-y
Marciano, 2010, Mental disorders and quality of life in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease, J Bras Nefrol, 32, 316, 10.1590/S0101-28002010000300014
Broyer, 2004, Long-term social outcome of children after kidney transplantation, Transplantation, 77, 1033, 10.1097/01.TP.0000120947.75697.8B
Foster BJ. Growth and development of the child with renal disease. In: Avner ED, Harmon WE, Niaudet P, Yoshikawa N, Emma F, Goldstein SL, editors. Pediatric nephrology, Heidelberg, Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2016:6637-65.
Karlberg, 1989, A biologically-oriented mathematical model (ICP) for human growth, Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl, 350, 70, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1989.tb11199.x
Karlberg, 1989, On the construction of the infancy-childhood-puberty growth standard, Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl, 356, 26, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1989.tb11237.x
Karlberg, 1987, Analysis of linear growth using a mathematical model. I. From birth to three years, Acta Paediatr Scand, 76, 478, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1987.tb10503.x
Karlberg, 1996, Early age-dependent growth impairment in chronic renal failure. European Study Group for Nutritional Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure in Childhood, Pediatr Nephrol, 10, 283, 10.1007/BF00866761
Jones, 1982, The effects of chronic renal failure in infancy on growth, nutritional status and body composition, Pediatr Res, 16, 784, 10.1203/00006450-198209000-00016
Kaskel, 2003, Chronic renal disease: a growing problem, Kidney Int, 64, 1141, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00194.x
Tonshoff, 1995, Insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and IGF binding proteins in children with chronic renal failure, Prog Growth Factor Res, 6, 481, 10.1016/0955-2235(96)00003-8
Tonshoff, 1995, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 80, 2684
Tonshoff, 1995, Growth retardation in children with chronic renal insufficiency: current aspects of pathophysiology and treatment, J Nephrol, 8, 133
Hartung, 2016, Growth in children with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease in the, CKiD Cohort Study. Front Pediatr., 4, 82
Shaw, 2020, Energy and protein requirements for children with CKD stages 2-5 and on dialysis-clinical practice recommendations from the Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce, Pediatr Nephrol, 35, 519, 10.1007/s00467-019-04426-0
Roelfsema, 2001, The growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor axis: its manipulation for the benefit of growth disorders in renal failure, J Am Soc Nephrol, 12, 1297, 10.1681/ASN.V1261297
Drube, 2019, Clinical practice recommendations for growth hormone treatment in children with chronic kidney disease, Nat Rev Nephrol, 15, 577, 10.1038/s41581-019-0161-4
Kuizon, 1999, Growth retardation in children with chronic renal failure, J Bone Miner Res, 14, 1680, 10.1359/jbmr.1999.14.10.1680
Abraham, 2014, Protein energy wasting in children with chronic kidney disease, Pediatr Nephrol, 29, 1231, 10.1007/s00467-014-2768-9
Schaefer, 2016, Endocrine and growth abnormalities in chronic kidney disease, 2295
Rees, 2016, Growth hormone therapy in children with CKD after more than two decades of practice, Pediatr Nephrol, 31, 1421, 10.1007/s00467-015-3179-2
Mahan, 2006, Applying the Growth Failure in CKD Consensus Conference: evaluation and treatment algorithm in children with chronic kidney disease, Growth Horm IGF Res, 16, S68, 10.1016/j.ghir.2006.04.005
Mak, 2008, The growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-I axis in chronic kidney disease, Growth Horm IGF Res, 18, 17, 10.1016/j.ghir.2007.07.009
Feneberg, 2003, Neuroendocrine adaptations in renal disease, Pediatr Nephrol, 18, 492, 10.1007/s00467-003-1160-y
Schaefer, 1996, Multifactorial control of the elimination kinetics of unbound (free) growth hormone (GH) in the human: regulation by age, adiposity, renal function, and steady state concentrations of GH in plasma, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 81, 22
Tonshoff, 1995, Deconvolution analysis of spontaneous nocturnal growth hormone secretion in prepubertal children with preterminal chronic renal failure and with end-stage renal disease, Pediatr Res, 37, 86, 10.1203/00006450-199501000-00017
Schaefer, 1994, Alterations in growth hormone secretion and clearance in peripubertal boys with chronic renal failure and after renal transplantation. Cooperative Study Group of Pubertal development in Chronic Renal Failure, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 78, 1298
Tonshoff, 1994, Reduced hepatic growth hormone (GH) receptor gene expression and increased plasma GH binding protein in experimental uremia, Kidney Int, 45, 1085, 10.1038/ki.1994.145
Chan, 1993, Expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 in uremic rats: growth hormone resistance and nutritional intake, Kidney Int, 43, 790, 10.1038/ki.1993.112
Martinez, 1999, Hepatic expression of growth hormone receptor/binding protein and insulin-like growth factor I genes in uremic rats. Influence of nutritional deficit, Growth Horm IGF Res, 9, 61, 10.1054/ghir.1998.0088
Villares, 1994, Reduced food intake is the main cause of low growth hormone receptor expression in uremic rats, Mol Cell Endocrinol, 106, 51, 10.1016/0303-7207(94)90185-6
Sun, 2004, Chronic uremia attenuates growth hormone-induced signal transduction in skeletal muscle, J Am Soc Nephrol, 15, 2630, 10.1097/01.ASN.0000139492.36400.6C
Troib, 2013, Epiphyseal growth plate growth hormone receptor signaling is decreased in chronic kidney disease-related growth retardation, Kidney Int, 84, 940, 10.1038/ki.2013.196
Zheng, 2005, Cardiac resistance to growth hormone in uremia, Kidney Int, 67, 858, 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00150.x
Rabkin, 2005, Growth hormone resistance in uremia, a role for impaired JAK/STAT signaling, Pediatr Nephrol, 20, 313, 10.1007/s00467-004-1713-8
Fernandez-Iglesias, 2020, Growth plate alterations in chronic kidney disease, Pediatr Nephrol, 35, 367, 10.1007/s00467-018-4160-7
Salas, 2013, Growth retardation in children with kidney disease, Int J Endocrinol, 2013, 10.1155/2013/970946
Schaefer, 2001, Impaired JAK-STAT signal transduction contributes to growth hormone resistance in chronic uremia, J Clin Invest, 108, 467, 10.1172/JCI11895
Kaysen, 2001, The microinflammatory state in uremia: causes and potential consequences, J Am Soc Nephrol, 12, 1549, 10.1681/ASN.V1271549
Postel-Vinay, 1991, Plasma growth hormone-binding activity is low in uraemic children, Pediatr Nephrol, 5, 545, 10.1007/BF01453698
Tonshoff, 1997, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 82, 1007, 10.1210/jcem.82.4.3893
Greenstein, 2006, Circulating growth hormone binding protein levels and mononuclear cell growth hormone receptor expression in uremia, J Ren Nutr, 16, 141, 10.1053/j.jrn.2006.01.007
Frystyk, 1999, Serum-free insulin-like growth factor I correlates with clearance in patients with chronic renal failure, Kidney Int, 56, 2076, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00798.x
Kiepe, 2006, Differential expression of IGF system components in proliferating vs. differentiating growth plate chondrocytes: the functional role of IGFBP-5, Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 290, E363, 10.1152/ajpendo.00363.2005
Kiepe, 2005, Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I stimulates cell proliferation and induces IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 and IGFBP-5 gene expression in cultured growth plate chondrocytes via distinct signaling pathways, Endocrinology, 146, 3096, 10.1210/en.2005-0324
Tonshoff, 2005, Growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor system in children with chronic renal failure, Pediatr Nephrol, 20, 279, 10.1007/s00467-005-1821-0
Ding, 1996, Impaired actions of insulin-like growth factor 1 on protein Synthesis and degradation in skeletal muscle of rats with chronic renal failure. Evidence for a postreceptor defect, J Clin Invest, 97, 1064, 10.1172/JCI118499
Schaefer, 2001, Experimental uremia affects hypothalamic amino acid neurotransmitter milieu, J Am Soc Nephrol, 12, 1218, 10.1681/ASN.V1261218
Tainio, 2011, Pubertal development is normal in adolescents after renal transplantation in childhood, Transplantation, 92, 404, 10.1097/TP.0b013e3182247bd5
Donckerwolcke, 1989, Growth failure in children with renal tubular acidosis, Semin Nephrol, 9, 72
Boirie, 2000, Alterations of protein metabolism by metabolic acidosis in children with chronic renal failure, Kidney Int, 58, 236, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00158.x
Challa, 1993, Effect of metabolic acidosis on the expression of insulin-like growth factor and growth hormone receptor, Kidney Int, 44, 1224, 10.1038/ki.1993.372
Challa, 1993, Metabolic acidosis inhibits growth hormone secretion in rats: mechanism of growth retardation, Am J Physiol, 265, E547
Hanna, 1995, Insulin-like growth factor-I gene expression in the tibial epiphyseal growth plate of growth hormone-treated uremic rats, Kidney Int, 47, 1374, 10.1038/ki.1995.193
Bushinsky, 2001, Metabolic, but not respiratory, acidosis increases bone PGE(2) levels and calcium release, Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 281, F1058, 10.1152/ajprenal.0355.2000
Movilli, 1998, Evidence for an independent role of metabolic acidosis on nutritional status in haemodialysis patients, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 13, 674, 10.1093/ndt/13.3.674
Foster, 2012, Nutrition in infants and very young children with chronic kidney disease, Pediatr Nephrol, 27, 1427, 10.1007/s00467-011-1983-x
2009, KDOQI Clinical Practice Guideline for Nutrition in Children with CKD: 2008 update. Executive summary, Am J Kidney Dis, 53, S11
Rees, 2011, Growth in very young children undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis, J Am Soc Nephrol, 22, 2303, 10.1681/ASN.2010020192
Claris-Appiani, 1995, Catch-up growth in children with chronic renal failure treated with long-term enteral nutrition, JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, 19, 175, 10.1177/0148607195019003175
Kari, 2000, Outcome and growth of infants with severe chronic renal failure, Kidney Int, 57, 1681, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00013.x
Ledermann, 2000, Long-term outcome of peritoneal dialysis in infants, J Pediatr, 136, 24, 10.1016/S0022-3476(00)90044-1
Ledermann, 1999, Long-term enteral nutrition in infants and young children with chronic renal failure, Pediatr Nephrol, 13, 870, 10.1007/s004670050718
Mekahli, 2010, Long-term outcome of infants with severe chronic kidney disease, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 5, 10, 10.2215/CJN.05600809
Parekh, 2001, Improved growth in young children with severe chronic renal insufficiency who use specified nutritional therapy, J Am Soc Nephrol, 12, 2418, 10.1681/ASN.V12112418
Haffner, 2000, Effect of growth hormone treatment on the adult height of children with chronic renal failure. German Study Group for Growth Hormone Treatment in Chronic Renal Failure, N Engl J Med, 343, 923, 10.1056/NEJM200009283431304
Tonshoff, 1990, Growth-stimulating effects of recombinant human growth hormone in children with end-stage renal disease, J Pediatr, 116, 561, 10.1016/S0022-3476(05)81603-8
Vimalachandra, 2001, Growth hormone for children with chronic renal failure, Cochrane Database Syst Rev
Vimalachandra, 2001, Growth hormone treatment in children with chronic renal failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, J Pediatr, 139, 560, 10.1067/mpd.2001.117582
Fine, 1994, Growth after recombinant human growth hormone treatment in children with chronic renal failure: report of a multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Genentech Cooperative Study Group, J Pediatr, 124, 374, 10.1016/S0022-3476(94)70358-2
Hodson, 2012, Growth hormone for children with chronic kidney disease, Cochrane Database Syst Rev
Nissel, 2008, Pfizer International Growth Database (KIGS) International Board. Factors predicting the near-final height in growth hormone-treated children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 93, 1359, 10.1210/jc.2007-2302
Rees, 2000, Growth over 10 years following a 1-year trial of growth hormone therapy, Pediatr Nephrol, 14, 309, 10.1007/s004670050765
Mehls, 2008, Growth hormone treatment in short children with chronic kidney disease, Acta Paediatr, 97, 1159, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008.00845.x
Berard, 1998, Recombinant human growth hormone treatment of children on hemodialysis. French Society of Pediatric Nephrology, Pediatr Nephrol, 12, 304, 10.1007/s004670050459
Tonshoff, 1993, Efficacy and safety of growth hormone treatment in short children with renal allografts: three year experience. Members of the German Study Group for Growth Hormone Treatment in Children with Renal Allografts, Kidney Int, 44, 199, 10.1038/ki.1993.231
Behnisch, 2019, Determinants of statural growth in European children with chronic kidney disease: Findings From the Cardiovascular Comorbidity in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease (4 C) study, Front Pediatr, 7, 278, 10.3389/fped.2019.00278
Gorman, 2005, Short stature and growth hormone use in pediatric hemodialysis patients, Pediatr Nephrol, 20, 1794, 10.1007/s00467-005-1893-x
Greenbaum, 2008, Obstacles to the prescribing of growth hormone in children with chronic kidney disease, Pediatr Nephrol, 23, 1531, 10.1007/s00467-008-0857-3
Akchurin, 2017, Approach to growth hormone therapy in children with chronic kidney disease varies across North America: the Midwest Pediatric Nephrology Consortium report, BMC Nephrol, 18, 181, 10.1186/s12882-017-0599-1
Fine, 1994, Five years experience with recombinant human growth hormone treatment of children with chronic renal failure, J Pediatr Endocrinol, 7, 1, 10.1515/JPEM.1994.7.1.1
Mak, 2012, Cachexia and protein-energy wasting in children with chronic kidney disease, Pediatr Nephrol, 27, 173, 10.1007/s00467-011-1765-5
Oliveira, 2018, Muscle wasting in chronic kidney disease, Pediatr Nephrol, 33, 789, 10.1007/s00467-017-3684-6
Wang, 2018, Unacylated ghrelin and obestatin in pediatric CKD: are they important in protein energy wasting?, Pediatr Nephrol, 33, 741, 10.1007/s00467-018-3891-9
Mehls, 1990, Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I in chronic renal failure–pathophysiology and rationale for growth hormone treatment, Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl, 370, 28, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11666.x
Stenvinkel, 2016, Muscle wasting in end-stage renal disease promulgates premature death: established, emerging and potential novel treatment strategies, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 31, 1070, 10.1093/ndt/gfv122
Foster, 2011, Association of chronic kidney disease with muscle deficits in children, J Am Soc Nephrol, 22, 377, 10.1681/ASN.2010060603
Kuninger, 2003, IGF action and skeletal muscle, 235
Oliveira, 2019, Cachexia/protein energy wasting syndrome in CKD: causation and treatment, Semin Dial, 32, 493, 10.1111/sdi.12832
Koppe, 2019, Kidney cachexia or protein-energy wasting in chronic kidney disease: facts and numbers, J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 10, 479, 10.1002/jcsm.12421
Ikizler, 1996, Nutrition in end-stage renal disease, Kidney Int, 50, 343, 10.1038/ki.1996.323
Muller, 2001, Acute effect of pegvisomant on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy men: implications for the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in GH deficiency, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 86, 5165, 10.1210/jcem.86.11.7987
Salomon, 1989, The effects of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone on body composition and metabolism in adults with growth hormone deficiency, N Engl J Med, 321, 1797, 10.1056/NEJM198912283212605
Gupta, 2011, Role of growth hormone deficiency and treatment in chronic kidney disease, Cardiorenal Med, 1, 174, 10.1159/000329930
Maison, 2003, Cardiac effects of growth hormone in adults with growth hormone deficiency: a meta-analysis, Circulation, 108, 2648, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000100720.01867.1D
Cuneo, 1993, Reversible dilated cardiomyopathy due to growth hormone deficiency, Am J Clin Pathol, 100, 585, 10.1093/ajcp/100.5.585b
Cuneo, 1993, Growth hormone treatment improves serum lipids and lipoproteins in adults with growth hormone deficiency, Metabolism, 42, 1519, 10.1016/0026-0495(93)90145-E
Garibotto, 1997, Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on muscle protein turnover in malnourished hemodialysis patients, J Clin Invest, 99, 97, 10.1172/JCI119139
Pupim, 2005, Recombinant human growth hormone improves muscle amino acid uptake and whole-body protein metabolism in chronic hemodialysis patients, Am J Clin Nutr, 82, 1235, 10.1093/ajcn/82.6.1235
Ziegler, 1991, Effects of recombinant human growth hormone in adults receiving maintenance hemodialysis, J Am Soc Nephrol, 2, 1130, 10.1681/ASN.V261130
Mehls, 1988, Improvement of growth and food utilization by human recombinant growth hormone in uremia, Kidney Int, 33, 45, 10.1038/ki.1988.7
Mehls, 1988, Role of growth hormone in growth failure of uraemia–perspectives for application of recombinant growth hormone, Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl, 343, 118
Mak, 2011, Wasting in chronic kidney disease, J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 2, 9, 10.1007/s13539-011-0019-5
Hansen, 2000, Influence of growth hormone on whole body and regional soft tissue composition in adult patients on hemodialysis. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, Clin Nephrol, 53, 99
Fahal, 2014, Uraemic sarcopenia: aetiology and implications, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 29, 1655, 10.1093/ndt/gft070
Feldt-Rasmussen, 2007, Growth hormone treatment during hemodialysis in a randomized trial improves nutrition, quality of life, and cardiovascular risk, J Am Soc Nephrol, 18, 2161, 10.1681/ASN.2006111207
Iglesias, 1998, Recombinant human growth hormone therapy in malnourished dialysis patients: a randomized controlled study, Am J Kidney Dis, 32, 454, 10.1053/ajkd.1998.v32.pm9740162
Kotzmann, 2001, Differential effects of growth hormone therapy in malnourished hemodialysis patients, Kidney Int, 60, 1578, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00971.x
Niemczyk, 2010, A super-agonist of growth hormone-releasing hormone causes rapid improvement of nutritional status in patients with chronic kidney disease, Kidney Int, 77, 450, 10.1038/ki.2009.480
Kopple, 2008, OPPORTUNITY: a randomized clinical trial of growth hormone on outcome in hemodialysis patients, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 3, 1741, 10.2215/CJN.02760608
Kopple, 2011, OPPORTUNITY™: a large-scale randomized clinical trial of growth hormone in hemodialysis patients, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 26, 4095, 10.1093/ndt/gfr363
Hirschberg, 1989, The delayed effect of growth hormone on renal function in humans, Kidney Int, 35, 865, 10.1038/ki.1989.65
Corvilain, 1962, Some effects of human growth hormone on renal hemodynamics and on tubular phosphate transport in man, J Clin Invest, 41, 1230, 10.1172/JCI104584
Auriemma, 2010, The kidney in acromegaly: renal structure and function in patients with acromegaly during active disease and 1 year after disease remission, Eur J Endocrinol, 162, 1035, 10.1530/EJE-10-0007
Chitra, 2015, Growth hormone induces transforming growth factor-beta-induced protein in podocytes: implications for podocyte depletion and proteinuria, J Cell Biochem, 116, 1947, 10.1002/jcb.25150
Doi, 1991, Glomerulosclerosis in mice transgenic for growth hormone. Increased mesangial extracellular matrix is correlated with kidney mRNA levels, J Exp Med, 173, 1287, 10.1084/jem.173.5.1287
Baldelli, 2008, Microalbuminuria in insulin sensitivity in patients with growth hormone-secreting pituitary tumor, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 93, 710, 10.1210/jc.2007-1197
Yoshida, 1999, Effect of pituitary microsurgery on acromegaly complicated nephrotic syndrome with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: report of a rare clinical case, Am J Kidney Dis, 33, 1158, 10.1016/S0272-6386(99)70156-3
Zheng, 2019, Delayed diagnosis of acromegaly in a patient with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a rare case report and literature review, BMC Nephrol, 20, 435, 10.1186/s12882-019-1626-1
Hirschberg, 1991, Effects of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I on glomerular dynamics in the rat, J Clin Invest, 87, 1200, 10.1172/JCI115119
Mehls, 2015, Long-term growth hormone treatment in short children with CKD does not accelerate decline of renal function: results from the KIGS registry and ESCAPE trial, Pediatr Nephrol, 30, 2145, 10.1007/s00467-015-3157-8
Chernausek, 2007, Long-term treatment with recombinant insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in children with severe IGF-I deficiency due to growth hormone insensitivity, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 92, 902, 10.1210/jc.2006-1610