The Republic of Ireland: A young country, but is it young enough to avoid future problems in public pensions?
Tóm tắt
In this article, we intend to analyze the future of public pensions in the Republic of Ireland. This country presents a significant young population, and is experiencing population growth because of an increase in birth rate and positive migration flows. This may suggest that there will not be any problems with population aging in its public pension system in the future, as occurs in most Western countries. However, this situation seems to be changing. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that, taking into account the current characteristics of the Irish public pension system, it is necessary to carry out reforms to ensure its viability, and therefore, the welfare of the Irish population in the long term.
Tài liệu tham khảo
CSO (Central Statistics Office Ireland. Statistics). (2010) Births, death and marriage, http://www.cso.ie/statistics/bthsdthsmarriages.htm, accessed 24 June 2010.
Eurostat. (1999) Regional population ageing of the EU at different speeds up to 2025. Statistics in Focus. General Statistics (4/99), http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/eurostat/home/, accessed 24 June 2010.
Connell, P. and Pringle, D. (2004) Population Ageing in Ireland. Projections 2002–2021. N° 81, Dublin, Ireland: National Council of Ageing and Older People.
CSO (Central Statistic Office Ireland). (2006) Census Report, http://www.cso.ie/census/Census2006Results.htm, accessed 22 June 2010.
World population prospects. (2008) The 2008 revision population database, http://esa.un.org/UNPP, accessed 22 June 2010.
United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2006) World Population Prospects. The 2006 Revision. ESA/P/WP.202 http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/WPP2006_Highlights_rev.pdf, accessed 24 June 2010.
López, J. and Ridruejo, Z.J. (2003) Pensiones, crecimiento y envejecimiento poblacional. Investigaciones económicas XXVII (2): 343–367.
Department of Social and Family Affairs. (2007) Green Paper on Pensions, http://www.pensionsgreenpaper.ie/, accessed 20 June 2010.
Watson Wyatt & Company Holdings. (2003) Watson Wyatt & Company Holdings 2003 Annual Report, http://www.watsonwyatt.com/investors/2003ar/downloads/annualreport.pdf, accessed 24 June 2010.
Comisión Europea, Empleo y Asuntos Sociales. (2003) Mutual information system on social protection in the EU member states and the EEA (MISSOC), http://www.europedirect-valencia.info/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=192&phpMyAdmin=2JSlPaKskISQrVNMQwEVQ5J9msf&phpMyAdmin=1c4e63aeda931ab944800a8c282f28ef, accessed 26 June 2010.
Consejo Económico y Social. (2001) La pobreza y la exclusión social en España: propuestas de actuación en el marco del plan nacional para la inclusión social, Informe 2. Madrid, Spain: Colección Informes CES.
Social Welfare and Pensions Act 2008, Number 2 of 2008. (2008) http://www.welfare.ie/EN/Policy/Legislation/Acts/Pages/swpa2008.aspx, accessed 25 June 2010.
Social Welfare and Pensions Act 2009, Number 10 of 2009. (2009) http://www.welfare.ie/EN/Policy/Legislation/Acts/Pages/swact_09.aspx, accessed 25 June 2010.
Pension Board. (2008) The Pensions Board Annual Report and Accounts 2008, http://www.pensionsboard.ie, accessed 20 June 2010.
Pensions Ombudsman Regulations. (2003) Al ombudsman S.I. N° 397, http://www.pensionsombudsman.ie/cms/sites/default/files/si397_03.pdf, accessed 20 June 2010.
Social Welfare Law Reform and Pensions Act 2006. (2006) www.welfare.ie/EN/Policy/Legislation/Acts/Documents/swlrpact_06.pdf, accessed 20 June 2010.
Cousins, M. (2003) The Birth of Social Welfare in Ireland. Dublin, Ireland: Four Courts Press.
Cousins, M. (2005) The Impact of the Introduction of Social Welfare Schemes in Ireland, (1930s–1950s). Oxford, England: Oxford Brookes University, http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3490/, accessed 23 June 2010.
Maher, A. (2004) Public pension funds accountability: The case of Ireland. In: A.R. Musalem and R.J. Palacios (eds.) Public Pension Fund Management, Proceedings of the Second Public Pension Fund Management Conference in May 2003; Washington DC: The World Bank.
Impavido, G., O'Connor, R. and Vittas, D. (2008) Improving the investment performance of public pension funds: Lessons for the social insurance fund of Cyprus from the experience of four OECD countries. Cyprus Economic Policy Review 2 (2): 3–35.
National Pensions Reserve Fund. (2010) Quarterly performance and portfolio update at 31 March 2010, http://www.nprf.ie/home.html, accessed 21 June 2010.
Department of Social and Family Affairs. (2007) Green Paper on Pensions, http://www.pensionsgreenpaper.ie/downloads/GreenPaper.pdf, accessed 22 June 2010.
European Commission. (2006) The Impact of Ageing on Public Expenditure: Projections for the EU-25 Member States on Pensions, Healthcare, Long-term Care, Education, and Unemployment Transfers (2004–50). Special Report N° 1. http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/structural_reforms/ageing/index_es.htm, accessed 22 June 2010.
O'Leary, D. (2006) Social Rights and Pensions for Civil Servants in some EU Member States. Working Paper. Public Service Pensions in Ireland. http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/27/46/38700828.pdf, accessed 23 June 2010.
Botman, D. and Iakova, D. (2007) Policy Challenges of Population Aging in Ireland. International Monetary Fund Working Paper/07(247), 17 pages.
Pierson, P. (2001) The New Politics of the Welfare State. New York: Oxford University Press.
Department of Social and Family Affairs, Government of Ireland. (2010) National Pensions Framework. [PRN A10/0257], http://www.pensionsgreenpaper.ie/publications_nationalframework.html, accessed 26 June 2010.
Steward, J. and Hughes, G. (2005) Choosing Your Future: How to Reform Ireland's Pension System. Dublin, Ireland: New Island.
Impavido, G., O'Connor, R. and Vittas, D. (2008) Upgrading the Investment Policy. Framework of Public Pension Funds. The World Bank Financial Systems Department Financial Policy Division. Policy Research Working Paper 4499.