The Relationship of Religiosity and Spirituality to Quality of Life Among Cancer Patients
Tóm tắt
Most quality of life (QOL) assessments measure patients’ emotional well-being, functional well-being, interpersonal/social well-being, and satisfaction with treatment. Little attention has been given to patients’ spirituality or religiosity. Further, studies that have examined the impact of spirituality or religiosity on QOL have not differentiated between the constructs. The purpose of this study was to examine religiosity and spirituality as separate variables, and to define their relationship to QOL for 61 persons with cancer. Regression analyses indicated that, while spirituality and religiosity are moderately intercorrelated, spirituality has a stronger relationship with QOL than religiosity. When attempting to understand a person's spiritual life and its impact on QOL, there is a need for clear distinction between and separate assessment of spirituality and religiosity.
Tài liệu tham khảo
American Cancer Society. (2005). Statistics. [Online]. Available: http://www.cancer.org [2005, April].
Borman, P. D., & Nicholas, D. R. (1999, August). Spirituality, religiosity, and the quality of life of oncology patients. Paper presented at the Meeting of the American Psychological Association, Boston, MA.
Brady, M. J., Peterman, A. H., Fitchett, G., Mo, M., & Cella, D. (1999). A case for including spirituality in quality of life measurement in oncology. Psycho-Oncology, 8, 417–428.
Bufford, R. K., Paloutzian, R. F., & Ellison, C. W. (1991). Norms for the spiritual well-being scale. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 19, 56–70.
Burish, T. G., & Lyles, J. N. (1981). Effectiveness of relaxation training in reducing adverse reactions to cancer chemotherapy. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4, 65–78.
Cella, D. F., Jacobsen, P. B., Orav, E. J., Holland, J. C., Silberfarb, P. M., & Rafla, S. (1987). A brief POMS measure of distress for cancer patients. Journal of Chronic Disease, 40, 939–942.
Cella, D. F., Tulsky, D. S., Gray, G., Sarafian, B., Linn, E., Bonomi, A., et al. (1993). The functional assessment of cancer therapy scale: Development and validation of the general measure. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 11, 1–10.
Cotton, S. P., Levine, E. G., Fitzpatrick, C. M., Dold, K. H., & Targ, E. (1999). Exploring the relationships among spiritual well-being, quality of life, and psychological adjustment in women with breast cancer. Psycho-Oncology, 8, 429–438.
Donovan, K., Sanson-Fisher, R. W., & Redman, S. (1989). Measuring quality of life in cancer patients. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 7, 959–968.
Elkins, D. N., Hedstrom, L. J., Hughes, L. L., Leaf, J. A., & Saunders, C. (1988). Toward a humanistic phenomenological spirituality. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 28, 5–18.
Ferrans, C. E. (1994). Quality of life through the eyes of survivors of breast cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 21, 1645–1651.
Ferrell, B. R., Dow, K. H., Leigh, S., Ly, J., & Gulasekaram, P. (1995). Quality of life in long-term cancer survivors. Oncology Nursing Forum, 22, 915–922.
Fitchett, G., Peterman, A., & Cella, D. F. (1996). Spiritual beliefs and quality of life in cancer and HIV patients. Paper presented at the Society for Scientific Study of Religion, Nashville, TN.
George, L. K., Larson, D. B., Koenig, H. G., & McCullough, M. E. (2000). Spirituality and health: What we know, what we need to know. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19, 102–116.
Greenlee, R. T., Hill-Harmon, M. B., Murray, T., & Thun, M. (2001). Cancer statistics, 2001. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 51, 15–36.
Hoge, D. R. (1972). A validated intrinsic religious motivation scale. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 11, 369–376.
Holland, J. C., Kash, K. M., Passik, S., Gronert, M. K., Sison, A., Lederberg, M., et al. (1999). The role of religious and spiritual beliefs in coping with malignant melanoma. Psycho-Oncology, 8, 14–26.
Jenkins, R. A., & Pargament, K. I. (1995). Religion and spirituality as resources for coping with cancer. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 13, 51–74.
Kaczorowski, J. W. (1989). Spiritual well-being and anxiety in adults diagnosed with cancer. Hospice Journal, 5, 105–116.
Koenig, H., Parkerson, G. R., & Meador, K. G. (1997). Religion index for psychiatric research. American Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 885–886.
Kornblith, A. B., & Holland, J. C. (Eds.). (1994). Handbook of measures of psychological, social and physical function in cancer: Vol 1. Quality of life. New York: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.
Larson, D., Swyers, J., & McCullough, M. (Eds.). (1997). Scientific research on spirituality and health: A consensus report. Rockville, MD: National Institute for Healthcare Research.
Levin, J. S. (1994). Religion and health: Is there an association, is it valid, and is it causal? Social Science and Medicine, 38, 1475–1482.
Ley, D. C. H., & Corless, I. B. (1988). Spirituality and hospice care. Death Studies, 12, 101–110.
Mickley, J. R., Soeken, K., & Belcher, A. (1992). Spiritual well-being, religiousness and hope among women with breast cancer. IMAGE: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 24, 267–272.
Musick, M. A., Koenig, H. G., Larson, D. B., & Matthews, D. (1998). Religion and spiritual beliefs. In J. Holland (Ed.), Psycho-oncology (pp. 780–789). New York: Oxford University Press.
Peterman, A. H., Fitchett, G., Brady, M. J., Hernandez, L., & Cella, D. (2002). Measuring spiritual well-being in people with cancer: The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp). Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 24, 49–58.
Reed, P. G. (1987). Spirituality and well-being in terminally ill hospitalized adults. Research in Nursing and Health, 10, 335–344.
Schipper, H., Clinch, J., McMurray, A., & Leavitt, M. (1984). Measuring the quality of life of cancer patients: The Functional Living Index-Cancer: Development and validation. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2, 472–483.
Simoni, J. M., Martone, M. G., & Kerwin, J. F. (2002). Spirituality and psychological adaptation among women with HIV/AIDS: Implications for counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49, 139–147.
Strahan, R., & Gerbasi, K. C. (1972). Short homogeneous versions of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 28, 191–193.
Thoresen, C., Bowman, E., Koopman, C., Yang, P., Dubs, G., & Speigel, D. (1995). Principles of living survey. Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University.
Thoresen, C. E. (1998). Spirituality, health, and science: The coming revival? In S. Roth-Roemer, S. R. Kurpius, & C. Carmin (Eds.), The emerging role of counseling psychology in health care (pp. 409–431). New York: Norton.
Zubrod, C. G., Schneiderman, M., Frei, E., et al. (1960). Appraisal of methods for the study of chemotherapy of cancer in man: Comparative therapeutic trial of nitrogen mustard and triethylene thisphosphoramide. Journal of Chronic Diseases, 11, 7–33.