The Relationship Between Multiple Sclerosis Symptom Severity Measures and Performance on Driving Variability Metrics in a Virtual Reality Simulator

American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - Tập 99 Số 4 - Trang 278-284 - 2020
Ann-Marie Raphail1,2,3,4,5, Kayci L. Vickers1,2,3,4,5, Thomas Leist1,2,3,4,5, Maria T. Schultheis1,2,3,4,5
1Ann-Marie A. Raphail is in training.
2Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (TPL).
3From the Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (AAR, KLV, MTS)
4Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.ajpmr.com).
5This study was supported by the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (Grant #RG 3353B2) and in part by a grant from the National Institute of Child and Human Development (Grant #1R01HD050718-01A2).

Tóm tắt

Objective Driving ability can be compromised in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS); however, the progressive nature of multiple sclerosis makes it difficult for clinicians to assess when performance on functional tasks, such as driving, has started to decline. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between two measures of multiple sclerosis severity, the Expanded Disability Status Scale and the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite, and minor driving errors in a virtual reality driving simulator. Design Symptom severity was measured in 31 active drivers with multiple sclerosis using the Expanded Disability Status Scale and Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite. Driving performance was measured using a standardized virtual reality driving simulator route. Executive functioning, a cognitive function commonly related to driving, was evaluated using the Trail Making Test B. Results Greater impairment on the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite was related to increased difficulty maintaining lane positioning (r = −0.49, P = 0.01) and poorer executive functioning (r = −0.52, P < 0.01). In contrast, the Expanded Disability Status Scale was not related to either measure. Conclusions These findings suggest that poorer performance on the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite, and not the Expanded Disability Status Scale, may indicate vulnerability to minor driving errors as an early sign of driving compromise. The use of screening tools, such as the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite, could help clinicians identify increased driving risk and consider comprehensive driving evaluations earlier, before a major driving violation or accident occurs. To Claim CME Credits Complete the self-assessment activity and evaluation online at http://www.physiatry.org/JournalCME CME Objectives Upon completion of this article, the reader should be able to: (1) Describe the relationship between symptom severity and driving performance in a virtual reality driving simulator, and how the relationship may vary based on which symptom severity measure is used; (2) Identify nuanced differences between two commonly used multiple sclerosis (MS) symptom severity measures when assessing functional abilities such as driving; and (3) Utilize symptom severity screeners that can assist in monitoring symptom progression and assessing whether further driving evaluation is needed. Level Advanced. Accreditation The Association of Academic Physiatrists is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The Association of Academic Physiatrists designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

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American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Tập 99 Số 4

278-284

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