Mối Quan Hệ Giữa Phân Biệt Đối Xử Và Việc Bỏ Lỡ Các Lịch Hẹn Chăm Sóc HIV Ở Phụ Nữ Sống Với HIV

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 24 - Trang 151-164 - 2019
Andrew E. Cressman1, Chanelle J. Howe1, Amy S. Nunn2, Adaora A. Adimora3, David R. Williams4,5, Mirjam-Colette Kempf6, Aruna Chandran7, Eryka L. Wentz7, Oni J. Blackstock8, Seble G. Kassaye9, Jennifer Cohen10, Mardge H. Cohen11, Gina M. Wingood12,13, Lisa R. Metsch12, Tracey E. Wilson14
1Department of Epidemiology, Centers for Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, USA
2Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Health Equity Research, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, USA
3School of Medicine and UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapelhill, USA
4Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
5Department of African and African American Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
6Schools of Nursing, Public Health, Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
7Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
8Montefiore and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA
9Department of Medicine,, Georgetown University,, Washington, USA
10Department of Clinical Pharmacy; University of California, San Francisco USA.
11Departments of Medicine, Stroger Hospital and Rush University, Chicago, USA
12Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
13Lerner Center for Public Health Promotion, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
14Department of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA

Tóm tắt

Nhận chăm sóc HIV định kỳ là điều quan trọng để duy trì sức khỏe tốt ở những người sống với HIV. Tuy nhiên, tồn tại sự chênh lệch về chủng tộc và giới tính trong việc nhận chăm sóc HIV. Sự phân biệt đối xử cùng tác động của nó có thể khác nhau tùy theo chủng tộc/dân tộc và giới tính, góp phần vào sự chênh lệch này. Dữ liệu từ 1578 phụ nữ trong Nghiên Cứu HIV Liên Cơ Quan Phụ Nữ được thu thập từ 1/10/2012 đến 30/9/2016 đã được sử dụng để: (1) đánh giá mối quan hệ giữa sự phân biệt đối xử và việc bỏ lỡ bất kỳ cuộc hẹn chăm sóc HIV nào và (2) đánh giá liệu mối quan hệ này có bị thay đổi bởi chủng tộc/dân tộc hay không. Các biện pháp tự báo cáo đã ghi nhận sự phân biệt đối xử và kết quả chính của việc bỏ lỡ bất kỳ cuộc hẹn chăm sóc HIV nào trong 6 tháng qua. Các mô hình log-binomial đã được thiết lập để tính đến các nguồn gây nhiễu và thiên lệch chọn lọc đã đo lường được. Đối với các phân tích kết quả chính, phụ nữ trải qua sự phân biệt đối xử thường có tỷ lệ bỏ lỡ cuộc hẹn chăm sóc HIV cao hơn. Hơn nữa, không có bằng chứng thống kê đáng kể cho việc điều chỉnh các yếu tố ảnh hưởng theo chủng tộc/dân tộc. Các can thiệp nhằm giảm thiểu sự phân biệt đối xử hoặc tác động của nó có thể cải thiện việc tham gia vào chăm sóc HIV ở phụ nữ.

Từ khóa

#Sự phân biệt đối xử #HIV #Chăm sóc sức khỏe #Phụ nữ #Nghiên cứu dân tộc học

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