Mô hình phát thải khí và aerosol từ tự nhiên phiên bản 2.1 (MEGAN2.1): khung mô hình mở rộng và cập nhật cho phát thải sinh học
Tóm tắt
Tóm tắt. Mô hình phát thải khí và aerosol từ tự nhiên phiên bản 2.1 (MEGAN2.1) là một khung mô hình nhằm ước lượng lưu lượng các hợp chất sinh học giữa các hệ sinh thái đất và khí quyển bằng cách sử dụng các thuật toán cơ học đơn giản để tính đến các quá trình chủ yếu đã biết kiểm soát phát thải sinh học. Nó có sẵn dưới dạng mã offline và cũng đã được kết hợp vào các mô hình hóa bề mặt đất và hóa học khí quyển. MEGAN2.1 là bản cập nhật từ các phiên bản trước đó, bao gồm MEGAN2.0, được mô tả cho phát thải isoprene bởi Guenther và cộng sự (2006) và MEGAN2.02, được mô tả cho phát thải monoterpene và sesquiterpene bởi Sakulyanontvittaya và cộng sự (2008). Isoprene chiếm khoảng một nửa tổng lượng phát thải hợp chất hữu cơ bay hơi sinh học (BVOC) toàn cầu ước tính 1 Pg (1000 Tg hoặc 10^15 g) sử dụng MEGAN2.1. Methanol, ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetone, α-pinene, β-pinene, t-β-ocimene, limonene, ethene, và propene góp phần thêm khoảng 30% vào lượng phát thải ước tính của MEGAN2.1. Thêm vào đó, 20 hợp chất (chủ yếu là terpenoid) liên quan đến ước tính của MEGAN2.1 về 17% tổng phát thải còn lại, với 3% còn lại phân bổ cho hơn 100 hợp chất. Phát thải của 41 monoterpene và 32 sesquiterpene cùng chiếm khoảng 15% và 3%, tương ứng, trong tổng phát thải BVOC toàn cầu được ước tính. Các loại cây nhiệt đới phủ khoảng 18% bề mặt đất toàn cầu và được ước tính chịu trách nhiệm cho khoảng 80% phát thải terpenoid và khoảng 50% phát thải VOC khác. Các loại cây khác phủ khoảng cùng một khu vực nhưng được ước tính chỉ đóng góp khoảng 10% tổng phát thải. Độ lớn của phát thải ước tính với MEGAN2.1 nằm trong khoảng các ước tính được báo cáo bằng các phương pháp khác và phần lớn sự khác biệt giữa các giá trị báo cáo có thể được quy cho độ che phủ đất và các biến điều khiển khí tượng. Phiên bản offline của mã nguồn MEGAN2.1 và các biến điều khiển có sẵn từ
Từ khóa
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