The Mitochondrial Biogenesis Regulatory Program in Cardiac Adaptation to Ischemia—A Putative Target for Therapeutic Intervention

Baker, 1999, Adaptation to chronic hypoxia confers tolerance to subsequent myocardial ischemia by increased nitric oxide production, Ann NY Acad Sci, 874, 236, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09239.x Barth, 1992, Ultrastructural quantification of mitochondria and myofilaments in cardiac muscle from 10 different animal species including man, J Mol Cell Cardiol, 24, 669, 10.1016/0022-2828(92)93381-S Bienengraeber, 2003, Stable transfection of UCP1 confers resistance to hypoxia/reoxygenation in a heart-derived cell line, J Mol Cell Cardiol, 35, 861, 10.1016/S0022-2828(03)00147-0 Bolli, 2000, The late phase of preconditioning, Circ Res, 87, 972, 10.1161/01.RES.87.11.972 Chen, 1998, Overexpression of MnSOD protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in transgenic mice, J Mol Cell Cardiol, 30, 2281, 10.1006/jmcc.1998.0789 Dhanasekaran, 2004, Supplementation of endothelial cells with mitochondria-targeted antioxidants inhibit peroxide-induced mitochondrial iron uptake, oxidative damage, and apoptosis, J Biol Chem, 279, 37575, 10.1074/jbc.M404003200 Eells, 2000, Increased mitochondrial K(ATP) channel activity during chronic myocardial hypoxia: is cardioprotection mediated by improved bioenergetics?, Circ Res, 87, 915, 10.1161/01.RES.87.10.915 Eliseev, 2004, Diazoxide-mediated preconditioning against apoptosis involves activation of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) and NFkappaB, J Biol Chem, 279, 46748, 10.1074/jbc.M406217200 Finck, 2005, A potential link between muscle peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha signaling and obesity-related diabetes, Cell Metab, 1, 133, 10.1016/j.cmet.2005.01.006 Herzig, 2000, Sequential serum-dependent activation of CREB and NRF-1 leads to enhanced mitochondrial respiration through the induction of cytochrome c, J Biol Chem, 275, 13134, 10.1074/jbc.275.17.13134 Hoerter, 2004, Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 expressed in the heart of transgenic mice protects against ischemic-reperfusion damage, Circulation, 110, 528, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000137824.30476.0E Huss, 2004, Nuclear receptor signaling and cardiac energetics, Circ Res, 95, 568, 10.1161/01.RES.0000141774.29937.e3 Huss, 2004, Estrogen-related receptor {alpha} directs peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a signaling in the transcriptional control of energy metabolism in cardiac and skeletal muscle, Mol Cell Biol, 24, 9079, 10.1128/MCB.24.20.9079-9091.2004 Kelly, 2004, Transcriptional regulatory circuits controlling mitochondrial biogenesis and function, Genes Dev, 18, 357, 10.1101/gad.1177604 Knaapen, 1997, Ultrastructural changes in the myocardium in the embryonic rat heart, Anat Rec, 248, 233, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(199706)248:2<233::AID-AR10>3.0.CO;2-Q Lee, 2000, Increase of mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA in response to oxidative stress in human cells, Biochem J, 348, 425, 10.1042/bj3480425 Lehman, 2000, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 promotes cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis, J Clin Invest, 106, 847, 10.1172/JCI10268 Li, 1999, Respiratory uncoupling induces delta-aminolevulinate synthase expression through a nuclear respiratory factor-1-dependent mechanism in HeLa cells, J Biol Chem, 274, 17534, 10.1074/jbc.274.25.17534 Liu, 2004, Anti-apoptotic effects of rosiglitazone in hypercholesterolemic rabbits subjected to myocardial ischemia and reperfusion, Cardiovasc Res, 62, 135, 10.1016/j.cardiores.2003.12.027 Lygate, 2003, The PPARgamma-activator rosiglitazone does not alter remodeling but increases mortality in rats post-myocardial infarction, Cardiovasc Res, 58, 632, 10.1016/S0008-6363(03)00289-X Marin-Garcia, 1994, Mitochondrial gene expression during bovine cardiac growth and development, J Mol Cell Cardiol, 26, 1029, 10.1006/jmcc.1994.1123 McCarthy, 2005, PKC epsilon activation augments cardiac mitochondrial post-anoxic reserve: a putative mechanism in PKC epsilon cardioprotection, J Mol Cell Cardiol, 38, 697, 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2005.02.010 McLeod, 2004, Delayed ischemic preconditioning activates nuclear-encoded electron-transfer-chain gene expression in parallel with enhanced postanoxic mitochondrial respiratory recovery, Circulation, 110, 534, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000136997.53612.6C Meerson, 1973, Adaptation to high altitude hypoxia as a factor preventing development of myocardial ischemic necrosis, Am J Cardiol, 31, 30, 10.1016/0002-9149(73)90806-0 Minners, 2003, Mitochondrial plasticity in classical ischemic preconditioning: Moving beyond the mitochondrial KATP channel, Cardiovasc Res, 59, 1, 10.1016/S0008-6363(03)00337-7 Nisoli, 2003, Mitochondrial biogenesis in mammals: the role of endogenous nitric oxide, Science, 299, 896, 10.1126/science.1079368 Nisoli, 2004, Mitochondrial biogenesis as a cellular signaling framework, Biochem Pharmacol, 67, 1, 10.1016/j.bcp.2003.10.015 Nisoli, 2004, Mitochondrial biogenesis by NO yields functionally active mitochondria in mammals, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 101, 16507, 10.1073/pnas.0405432101 Opie, 2002, Metabolic plasticity and the promotion of cardiac protection in ischemia and ischemic preconditioning, J Mol Cell Cardiol, 34, 1077, 10.1006/jmcc.2002.2066 Ou, 1970, Properties of mitochondria from hearts of cattle acclimatized to high altitude, Respir Physiol, 8, 151, 10.1016/0034-5687(70)90011-3 Rabinowitz, 1975, Mitochondria and cardiac hypertrophy, Circ Res, 36, 367, 10.1161/01.RES.36.3.367 Russell, 2005, Mouse models of mitochondrial dysfunction and heart failure, J Mol Cell Cardiol, 38, 81, 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2004.10.010 Russell, 2004, Cardiac-specific induction of the transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and reversible cardiomyopathy in a developmental stage-dependent manner, Circ Res, 94, 525, 10.1161/01.RES.0000117088.36577.EB Scarpulla, 2002, Transcriptional activators and coactivators in the nuclear control of mitochondrial function in mammalian cells, Gene, 286, 81, 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00809-5 Shiomi, 2002, Pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist, attenuates left ventricular remodeling and failure after experimental myocardial infarction, Circulation, 106, 3126, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000039346.31538.2C St-Pierre, 2003, Bioenergetic analysis of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivators 1alpha and 1beta (PGC-1α and PGC-1β) in muscle cells, J Biol Chem, 278, 26597, 10.1074/jbc.M301850200 Szweda, 2001, Cardiac reperfusion injury: aging, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial function, 95 Teshima, 2003, Uncoupling protein-2 overexpression inhibits mitochondrial death pathway in cardiomyocytes, Circ Res, 93, 192, 10.1161/01.RES.0000085581.60197.4D Vanden Hoek, 2000, Preconditioning in cardiomyocytes protects by attenuating oxidant stress at reperfusion, Circ Res, 86, 541, 10.1161/01.RES.86.5.541 Weitzel, 2003, Regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis by thyroid hormone, Exp Physiol, 88, 121, 10.1113/eph8802506 Wilson-Fritch, 2003, Mitochondrial biogenesis and remodeling during adipogenesis and in response to the insulin sensitizer rosiglitazone, Mol Cell Biol, 23, 1085, 10.1128/MCB.23.3.1085-1094.2003 Wilson-Fritch, 2004, Mitochondrial remodeling in adipose tissue associated with obesity and treatment with rosiglitazone, J Clin Invest, 114, 1281, 10.1172/JCI21752 Wu, 1999, Mechanisms controlling mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration through the thermogenic coactivator PGC-1, Cell, 98, 115, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80611-X Xia, 1997, Electrical stimulation of neonatal cardiomyocytes results in the sequential activation of nuclear genes governing mitochondrial proliferation and differentiation, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 94, 11399, 10.1073/pnas.94.21.11399 Xu, 2005, PPAR-gamma activation fails to provide myocardial protection in ischemia and reperfusion in pigs, Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 288, H1314, 10.1152/ajpheart.00618.2004 Yamashita, 1998, A “second window of protection” occurs 24 h after ischemic preconditioning in the rat heart, J Mol Cell Cardiol, 30, 1181, 10.1006/jmcc.1998.0682 Yellon, 2003, Preconditioning the myocardium: from cellular physiology to clinical cardiology, Physiol Rev, 83, 1113, 10.1152/physrev.00009.2003 Yue, 2005, Rosiglitazone treatment in Zucker diabetic fatty rats is associated with ameliorated cardiac insulin resistance and protection from ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury, Diabetes, 54, 554, 10.2337/diabetes.54.2.554 Zong, 2002, AMP kinase is required for mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle in response to chronic energy deprivation, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 99, 15983, 10.1073/pnas.252625599 Zweier, 1988, Measurement of superoxide-derived free radicals in the reperfused heart. Evidence for a free radical mechanism of reperfusion injury, J Biol Chem, 263, 1353, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)57309-4