The Influence of Substance Use on Adolescent Brain Development

Clinical EEG and Neuroscience - Tập 40 Số 1 - Trang 31-38 - 2009
Lindsay M. Squeglia1, Joanna Jacobus1, Susan F. Tapert1
1Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, VA San Diego Healthcare System University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry San Diego, California

Tóm tắt

Adolescence is a unique period in neurodevelopment. Alcohol and marijuana use are common. Recent research has indicated that adolescent substance users show abnormalities on measures of brain functioning, which is linked to changes in neurocognition over time. Abnormalities have been seen in brain structure volume, white matter quality, and activation to cognitive tasks, even in youth with as little as 1–2 years of heavy drinking and consumption levels of 20 drinks per month, especially if >4–5 drinks are consumed on a single occasion. Heavy marijuana users show some subtle anomalies too, but generally not the same degree of divergence from demographically similar non-using adolescents. This article reviews the extant literature on neurocognition, brain structure, and brain function in adolescent substance users with an emphasis on the most commonly used substances, and in the context of ongoing neuromaturational processes. Methodological and treatment implications are provided.

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Clinical EEG and Neuroscience

Tập 40 Số 1

31-38

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