The Influence of Mechanical and Thermal Forcing by the Tibetan Plateau on Asian Climate

Journal of Hydrometeorology - Tập 8 Số 4 - Trang 770-789 - 2007
Wu1, Gx1, Guoxiong1, Xingcai Liu1, Ym1, Yimin1, Yingying Wang2, TM1, Tongmei3, Wan Norhaniza Wan Hasan3, RJ1, Rijin, Xiaoyu Liu2, Li Li, Wp.3, Wei Ping, ZZ3, Zaizhi, Yongjun Zhang, Q1, Qiong Qiong, Bei Feng, AM1, Anmin, Liang Liang, Xy3, Xiaoyun
1State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
2Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
3National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China

Tóm tắt

Abstract This paper attempts to provide some new understanding of the mechanical as well as thermal effects of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) on the circulation and climate in Asia through diagnosis and numerical experiments. The air column over the TP descends in winter and ascends in summer and regulates the surface Asian monsoon flow. Sensible heating on the sloping lateral surfaces appears from the authors’ experiments to be the major driving source. The retarding and deflecting effects of the TP in winter generate an asymmetric dipole zonal-deviation circulation, with a large anticyclone gyre to the north and a cyclonic gyre to the south. Such a dipole deviation circulation enhances the cold outbreaks from the north over East Asia, results in a dry climate in south Asia and a moist climate over the Indochina peninsula and south China, and forms the persistent rainfall in early spring (PRES) in south China. In summer the TP heating generates a cyclonic spiral zonal-deviation circulation in the lower troposphere, which converges toward and rises over the TP. It is shown that because the TP is located east of the Eurasian continent, in summertime the meridional winds and vertical motions forced by the Eurasian continental-scale heating and the TP local heating are in phase over the eastern and central parts of the continent. The monsoon in East Asia and the dry climate in middle Asia are therefore intensified.

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Journal of Hydrometeorology

Tập 8 Số 4

770-789

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