The Impact of Time and State Opioid Legislation on Opioid Prescription Filling in Total Ankle Arthroplasty

Seth, 2018, Overdose deaths involving opioids, cocaine, and psychostimulants - United States, 2015-2016, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 67, 349, 10.15585/mmwr.mm6712a1 Martins, 2015, Worldwide prevalence and trends in unintentional drug overdose: a systematic review of the literature, Am J Public Health, 105, e29, 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302843 Stoicea, 2019, Current perspectives on the opioid crisis in the US healthcare system: a comprehensive literature review, Medicine (Baltimore), 98, e15425, 10.1097/MD.0000000000015425 Seymour, 2017, Leading the way to solutions to the opioid epidemic: AOA critical issues, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 99, e113, 10.2106/JBJS.17.00066 Manchikanti, 2012, Opioid epidemic in the United States, Pain Physician, 15, ES9, 10.36076/ppj.2012/15/ES9 Lyden, 2019, The United States opioid epidemic, Semin Perintaol, 43, 123, 10.1053/j.semperi.2019.01.001 Humphreys, 2017, Avoiding globalisation of the prescription opioid epidemic, Lancet, 390, 437, 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31918-9 Murphy, 2017, Vital signs: changes in opioid prescribing in the United States, 2006-2015, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 66, 697, 10.15585/mmwr.mm6626a4 Schuchat, 2017, New data on opioid use and prescribing in the United States, JAMA, 318, 425, 10.1001/jama.2017.8913 Prevention USCfDCa. U.S. opioid dispensing rate maps. Opioid overdose. 2020. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/maps/rxrate-maps.html. Accessed June 28, 2022. Finley, 2017, Evaluating the impact of prescription drug monitoring program implementation: a scoping review, BMC Health Serv Res, 17, 420, 10.1186/s12913-017-2354-5 Dempsey B, Malia E, Hunt R, Spilka K, Flanagan J, Maniel de Macedo V. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. https://www.mass.gov/news/update-for-prescribers-new-law-regarding-opioids#:~:text=Effective%20immediately%20Massachusetts%20law%20establishes,all%20opioid%20prescriptions%20for%20minors. Accessed June 28, 2022. Archambault S, Lombardi F, Prata E, McCaffrey M, Metts H. https://health.ri.gov/healthcare/medicine/about/safeopioidprescribing/#:~:text=This%20law%20intends%20to%20limit,of%20twenty%20(20)%20doses. Accessed June 28, 2022. Ballotopedia. Opioid prescription limits and policies by state. https://ballotpedia.org/Opioid_prescription_limits_and_policies_by_state. Accessed June 28, 2022. Volkow, 2011, Characteristics of opioid prescriptions in 2009, JAMA, 305, 1299, 10.1001/jama.2011.401 Chou, 2008, Postoperative pain following foot and ankle surgery: a prospective study, Foot Ankle Int, 29, 1063, 10.3113/FAI.2008.1063 Hejna, 2021, New persistent opioid use after orthopaedic foot and ankle surgery: a study of 348 patients, J Am Acad Orthop Surg, 29, e820, 10.5435/JAAOS-D-21-00187 Provenzano, 2002, Safety and efficacy of the popliteal fossa nerve block when utilized for foot and ankle surgery, Foot Ankle Int, 23, 394, 10.1177/107110070202300504 von Elm, 2014, The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies, Int J Surg, 12, 1495, 10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.07.013 Bedard, 2020, Optimum designs for large database research in musculoskeletal pain management, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 102, S54, 10.2106/JBJS.20.00001 CDC compilation of benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, stimulants, zolpidem, and opioid analgesics with oral morphine milligram equivalent conversion factors. 2019. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/resources/data.html. Accessed June 28, 2022. Quan, 2005, Coding algorithms for defining comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data, Med Care, 43, 1130, 10.1097/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.83 Opioid prescription limits and policies by state. 2020. Available at: https://ballotpedia.org/Opioid_prescription_limits_and_policies_by_state. Accessed 2020. Bicket, 2017, Prescription opioid analgesics commonly unused after surgery, JAMA Surg, 152, 1066, 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.0831 Bicket, 2018, Opioid oversupply after joint and spine surgery: a prospective cohort study, Anesth Analg, 128, 358, 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003364 Wojahn, 2018, Opioid consumption after knee arthroscopy, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 100, 1629, 10.2106/JBJS.18.00049 Jones, 2014, Sources of prescription opioid pain relievers by frequency of past-year nonmedical use United States 2008-2011, JAMA Intern Med, 174, 802, 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.12809 Rodgers, 2012, Opioid consumption following outpatient upper extremity surgery, J Hand Surg Am, 37, 645, 10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.01.035 Hill, 2017, Wide variation and excessive dosage of opioid prescriptions for common general surgical procedures, Ann Surg, 265, 709, 10.1097/SLA.0000000000001993 Prevention CfDCa. U.S. opioid dispensing rate maps. Opioid overdose. 2020. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/maps/rxrate-maps.html. Accessed June 28, 2022. Parvizi, 2011, Multimodal pain management after total joint arthroplasty, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 93, 1075, 10.2106/JBJS.J.01095 Zgierska, 2014, Impact of patient satisfaction ratings on physicians and clinical care, Patient Prefer Adherence, 8, 437, 10.2147/PPA.S59077 Bowlby, 2019, Opioid crisis and acute pain management after foot and ankle surgery, Clin Podiatr Med Surg, 36, 695, 10.1016/j.cpm.2019.06.009 Reid, 2019, Mandatory prescription limits and opioid utilization following orthopaedic surgery, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 101, e43, 10.2106/JBJS.18.00943 Reid, 2020, Opioid-limiting legislation associated with decreased 30-day opioid utilization following anterior cervical decompression and fusion, Spine J, 20, 69, 10.1016/j.spinee.2019.08.014 Benfield, 2020, Effect of state legislation on discharge opioid prescriptions after total hip and knee arthroplasties, Arthroplast Today, 6, 856, 10.1016/j.artd.2020.08.003 Reid, 2019, Effect of narcotic prescription limiting legislation on opioid utilization following lumbar spine surgery, Spine J, 19, 717, 10.1016/j.spinee.2018.09.007 Cunningham, 2021, The impact of state level public policy, prescriber education, and patient factors on opioid prescribing in elective orthopedic surgery: findings from a tertiary, academic setting, Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes, 5, 23, 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2020.08.006