The Identification of Language Impairment in the Selection of Specifically Language-Impaired Subjects

American Speech Language Hearing Association - Tập 55 Số 3 - Trang 468-475 - 1990
Rebecca J. McCauley1, M. J. Demetras2
1Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Vermont, Burlington
2Division of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Arizona, Tucson

Tóm tắt

This review focused on the methods used to identify language impairment in specifically language-impaired subjects participating in 72 research studies that were described in four journals from 1983 to 1988. The single most frequent source of information used in the identification process was found to be test data. There was, however, considerable variability and, often, a lack of clarity regarding the specific number and identity of tests used. More specific findings on test use indicated that researchers routinely assessed both expressive and receptive language and that they used incomplete tests. When test scores used in identification and selection were examined, there was a wide range of score types, and age-equivalent scores were by far the most common and often the only type of score utilized. Conclusions are drawn regarding the impact of these findings on the interpretation and generalizability of this research literature.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

AMERICAN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH ASSOCIATION AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION & NATIONAL COUNCIL ON MEASUREMENT IN EDUCATION. (1985). Standardsfor educational and psychological testing. Washington DC: American Psychological Association.

ANASTASI A. (1982). Psychological testing (5th ed.). New York: Macmillan.

ARAM D., 1975, Patterns of language behavior in children with developmental language disorders, Journal of Speech and HearingResearch, 18, 229, 10.1044/jshr.1802.229

BERK R. (1984). Screening and diagnosis of children with learningdisabilities.Springfield IL: C. C. Thomas.

BLOOM L. & LAHEY M. (1978). Language development and disorders.New York: Wiley.

10.1044/jshd.4804.342

BROWN R. (1973). A first language: The early stages. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.

DEMETRAS M. J. (1990). Norm-referenced tests and the identification of language impairmentin preschool children. Manuscript submitted for publication.

FUCHS D., 1987, Norm-referenced tests: Are they valid for use with handicapped students, Exceptional Children, 54, 263, 10.1177/001440298705400309

HOWELL J., 1981, A study of the comparative effectiveness of different language tests with two groups of children, BritishJournalofDisorders of Communication, 16, 31

IRETON H. & THWING E. (1974). Minnesota Child Development Inventory. Minneapolis MN: Behavior Science Systems.

KAZDIN A. (1982). Single case research design. New York: Oxford University Press.

KELLY D. J., 1986, A strategy for language assessment of young children: A combination of two approaches, Language, Speech, and HearingServices in Schools, 17, 83, 10.1044/0161-1461.1702.83

KISTNER J., 1986, Characteristics of methods of subject selection and description in research on autism, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 16, 77, 10.1007/BF01531580

LAHEY M. (1988). Language disorders and language development. New York: Macmillan.

LEONARD L. B. (1987). Is specific language impairment a useful construct? In S. Rosenberg (Ed.) Advances in appliedpsycholinguistics(Vol. 1 pp. 1-30). Cambridge England: Cambridge University Press.

LEONARD L. B., 1978, Nonstandardized approaches to the assessment of language behaviors, Asha, 20, 371

LEONARD L. B., 1988, Some influences on the grammar of English- and Italian-speaking children with specific language impairment, Applied Psycholinguistics, 9, 39, 10.1017/S0142716400000448

10.1044/jshd.5101.71

LUDLOW C., 1980, Children's language disorders: Recent research advances, Annals of Neurology, 7, 497, 10.1002/ana.410070602

MCCAULEY R. J., 1989, Measurement as a dangerous activity, Journal of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, 13, 29

10.1044/jshd.4901.34

MCCAULEY R. J., 1984, Use and misuse of norm-referenced tests in clinical assessment: A hypothetical case, Journal of Speech and HearingDisorders, 49, 338

LOUGHLIN C., 1984, Comparison of three formal methods of preschool language assessment, Language, Speech, and HearingServices in Schools, 15, 146, 10.1044/0161-1461.1503.146

MESSICK S. (1989). Validity. In R. Linn (Ed.) Educational measurement (3rd ed. pp. 13-103). New York: American Council on Education and Macmillan Publishing Company.

10.1044/jshr.2402.154

NEWHOFF M. & LEONARD L. (1983). Diagnosis of developmental language disorders. In I. J. Meitus & B. Weinberg (Eds.) Diagnosis in speech-languagepathology (pp. 71-112). Baltimore MD: University Park Press.

NITKO A. J. (1983). Educational tests and measurement: An introduction. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

PETERSEN N. KOLEN M. & HOOVER H. (1989). Scaling norming and equating. In R. Linn (Ed.) Educational measurement (3rd ed. pp. 221-262). New York: American Council on Education and Macmillan Publishing Company.

RIBNER S., 1983, A validation study of the elementary and Advanced Screening Tests of the Clinical Evaluation of Language Functions (CELF), Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 14, 215, 10.1044/0161-1461.1404.215

RUTTER M. (1978). Diagnosis and definition. In M. Rutter & E. Schopler (Eds.) Autism: A reappraisalof concepts and treatment. New York: Plenum Press.

SIEGEL L., 1989, IQ is irrelevant to the definition of learning disabilities, Journalof LearningDisabilities, 22, 469

SOMMERS R., 1978, How valid are children's language tests, Journalof Special Education, 12, 393, 10.1177/002246697801200405

10.1044/jshd.4602.114

STARK R. E. & TALLAL P. (1988). Language speech and reading disorders in children: Neuropsychological studies. San Diego CA: College-Hill Press.

STARK R. E. TALLAL P. & MELLITS E. D. (1982). Quantification of language abilities in children. In N. Lass (Ed.) Speech andlanguage:Advances in basicresearchand practice:Vol. 7 (pp. 149-184). New York: Academic Press.

TALLAL P. (1987). Developmental languagedisorders in learning disabilities.In J. F. Kavanagh & T. J. Truss (Eds.) Learning disabilities:Proceedings of the national conference (pp. 181-272). Parkton MD: York Press.

WECHSLER D. (1974). Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised. New York: Psychological Corporation.

WICKSTROM S., 1985, On the subject of subjects: Suggestions for describing subjects in language intervention studies, Journalof Speech and Hearing Disorders, 50, 282, 10.1044/jshd.5003.282

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

American Speech Language Hearing Association

Tập 55 Số 3

468-475

Thông tin tác giả