The ISAC Paradigm to Tame Oral Cancer in Saudi Arabia: A Quasi-experimental Study

Journal of Cancer Education - Tập 38 Số 6 - Trang 1901-1909 - 2023
Mohammed Jafer1, Ibtisam Moafa1, Ciska Hoving2, Math J. J. M. Candel3, Abdulrahman A Kaabi4, H.W. van den Borne2
1Dental Public Health Division, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
2Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
3Department of Research and Methodology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
4Community Service Unit, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Tóm tắt

AbstractLate detection of oral cancer (OC) cases in Saudi Arabia is concerning. It reduces survival rate and complicates treatment. The ISAC intervention was developed to bridge the gaps observed in dentists’ practice of OC examination and patient education. The ISAC stands for I, informing patients of OC screenings; S, screening for OC; A, advising high-risk patients to quit risk factors; and C, connecting patients to advanced services. This study tested the potential effect of the ISAC in influencing dentists’ cognitive and behavioral skills, to enhance early detection and prevention of OC. A quasi-experimental study was conducted among dental interns (DIs) at dental setting to test the effect on comprehensive oral cancer examination score (COCE), awareness, self-efficacy, descriptive-norms, and self-reported behavior. Data were collected through triangulation of methods pre and post the intervention at two-months. Multiple linear mixed effects regression models were utilized for data analysis. Between October 2020 and April 2021, 47 DIs participated in the study. The final model showed the significant effects of time (ISAC) on COCE (95% CI = 25.12–29.42, P < .001). DIs had a significant improvement in awareness, self-efficacy, descriptive norms, and self-reported behavior. The findings showed promising effects of the intervention toward the early detection and prevention of OC. Dentists, dental organizations, and policymakers in areas with a high risk of OC could benefit from the current intervention which contributes to capacity building and improved community health. A pragmatic study with a robust design is needed to test the effectiveness of the intervention on a wider scale.

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Journal of Cancer Education

Tập 38 Số 6

1901-1909

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