Hệ thống GAs Extraction and Analyses (GAEA) cho việc trích xuất ngay lập tức và đo lường các hợp chất dễ bay hơi trong container mẫu Hayabusa2

Earth, Planets and Space - Tập 74 - Trang 1-17 - 2022
Yayoi N. Miura1, Ryuji Okazaki2, Yoshinori Takano3, Kanako Sakamoto4, Shogo Tachibana4,5, Keita Yamada6, Saburo Sakai3, Hirotaka Sawada4
1Earthquake Research Institute (ERI), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
2Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
3Biogeochemistry Research Center (BGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
4Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan
5UTokyo Organization for Planetary and Space Science (UTOPS), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
6Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan

Tóm tắt

Hayabusa2 đã thu hồi mẫu bề mặt từ tiểu hành tinh gần Trái Đất loại C (162173) Ryugu về Woomera, Nam Úc vào tháng 12 năm 2020. Các mẫu thu được từ Ryugu dự kiến sẽ chứa không chỉ các thành phần dễ bay hơi phản ánh tính chất nguyên thủy của nó, mà còn các thành phần từ gió mặt trời do tiếp xúc với không gian. Những hợp chất dễ bay hơi này có thể một phần bị phát tán trong container mẫu đã được niêm phong bởi sự phá hủy hạt hoặc nóng lên của container trong trường hợp khẩn cấp. Để thu thập và phân tích các hợp chất dễ bay hơi được phát tán trong container trước khi mở container, chúng tôi đã thiết lập một hệ thống trích xuất và phân tích khí (GAEA: Hệ thống Trích xuất và Phân tích Khí). Hệ thống yêu cầu điều kiện chân không siêu cao, thể tích đường ống chân không nhỏ để tối thiểu hóa thể tích chết và cấu hình đơn giản cũng như có giao diện kết nối với container. Hệ thống bao gồm bình chứa khí cho việc thu thập thụ động các hợp chất dễ bay hơi ở nhiệt độ phòng và bình cho việc thu thập chủ động ở nhiệt độ nitơ lỏng. Một phổ kế khối lượng quadrupole được lắp đặt để phân tích các khí trong đường ống chân không, và một bơm hấp thụ không bay hơi cũng được sử dụng khi phân tích các khí quý. Hoạt động tổng duyệt của GAEA đã diễn ra tại ISAS/JAXA cũng như các bài thử nghiệm vận chuyển ở Nhật Bản. Vào tháng 11 năm 2020, nó đã được vận chuyển an toàn đến Cơ sở Quá Khảo Sát Nhanh (QLF) ở Woomera. Nó được thiết lập tại QLF và hoạt động như kế hoạch để thu thập và phân tích các thành phần khí từ container mẫu đã thu hồi. Tại đây, chúng tôi báo cáo về khái niệm, thiết kế và kết quả hiệu chuẩn cho GAEA cũng như một phác thảo về các giao thức phân tích đã được áp dụng tại Woomera.

Từ khóa


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