The Filler Effect: The Influence of Filler Content and Surface Area on Cementitious Reaction Rates

Journal of the American Ceramic Society - Tập 96 Số 6 - Trang 1978-1990 - 2013
Tandré Oey1, Aditya Kumar1, Jeffrey W. Bullard2, Narayanan Neithalath3, Gaurav Sant4,1
1Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC ); Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; University of California; Los Angeles California 90095
2Engineering Laboratory Materials and Construction Research Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg Maryland 20899
3School of Sustainability and the Built Environment; Arizona State University; Tempe Arizona 85287
4California Nanosystems Institute, University of California (CNSI), Los Angeles, California 90095

Tóm tắt

Finely ground mineral powders are known to accelerate cement hydration rates. This “filler effect” has been attributed to the effects of dilution (w/c increase) when the cement content is reduced or to the provision of additional surface area by fine powders. The latter contribution (i.e., surface area increase) is speculated to provide additional sites for the nucleation of the hydration products, which accelerates reactions. Through extensive experimentation and simulation this study describes the influence of surface area and mineral type (e.g., quartz or limestone) on cement reaction rates. Simulations using a boundary nucleation and growth (BNG) model and a multiphase reaction ensemble (MRE) indicate that the extent of the acceleration is linked to the: (1) magnitude of surface area increase and (2a) capacity of the filler's surface to offer favorable nucleation sites for hydration products. Other simulations using a kinetic cellular automaton model (HydratiCA) suggest that accelerations are linked to: (2b) the interfacial properties of the filler that alters (increases or decreases) its tendency to serve as a nucleant, and (3) the chemical composition of the filler and the tendency for its dissociated ions to participate in exchange reactions with the calcium silicate hydrate product. The simulations are correlated with accelerations observed using isothermal calorimetry when fillers partially replace cement. The research correlates and unifies the fundamental parameters that drive the filler effect and provides a mechanistic understanding of the influence of filler agents on cementitious reaction rates.

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Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

Tập 96 Số 6

1978-1990

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