The Evolution of Body Size, Cope's Rule and the Origin of Amniotes

Systematic Biology - Tập 53 Số 4 - Trang 594-622 - 2004
Michel Laurin1
1Équipe “Formations squelettiques” FRE CNRS 2696, Case 7077, Université Paris 7 75005 Paris France; E-mail: [email protected]

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Ahlberg, 1998, Osteolepiforms and the ancestry of tetrapods, Nature, 395, 792, 10.1038/27421

Alberdi, 1995, Patterns of body size changes in fossil and living Equini (Perissodactyla), Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 54, 349

Alroy, 1998, Cope's rule and the dynamics of body mass evolution in North American fossil mammals, Science, 280, 731, 10.1126/science.280.5364.731

Anderson, 2001, The phylogenetic trunk: Maximal inclusion of taxa with missing data in an analysis of the Lepospondyli (Vertebrata, Tetrapoda), Syst. Biol., 50, 170, 10.1080/10635150119889

Arnold, 1995, Causality and Cope's rule: Evidence from the planktonic Foraminifera, J. Paleont, 96, 203, 10.1017/S0022336000034557

Baum, 1992, Combining trees as a way of combining data sets for phylogenetic inference, and the desirability of combining gene trees, Taxon, 41, 3, 10.2307/1222480

Benton, 1993, Reptilia, The fossil record, 681

Berman, 2000, Origin and early evolution of the amniote occiput, J. Paleont., 74, 938, 10.1017/S0022336000033114

Berman, 1995, The cranial anatomy and relationships of the synapsid Varanosaurus (Eupelycosauria: Ophiacodontidae) from the Early Permian of Texas and Oklahoma, Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist., 64, 99, 10.5962/p.226634

Berman, 1992, Reinterpretation of the temporal and occipital regions in Diadectes and the relationships of diadectomorphs, J. Paleont., 66, 481, 10.1017/S0022336000034028

Bininda-Edmonds, 1999, Building large trees by combining phylogenetic information: A complete phylogeny of the extant Carnivora (Mammalia), Biol. Rev., 74, 143, 10.1017/S0006323199005307

Böhning-Gaese, 1999, Phylogenetic effects on morphological, life-history, behavioural and ecological traits of birds, Evol. Ecol. Res., 1, 347

Bolt, 1969, Lissamphibian origins: Possible protolissamphibian from the Lower Permian of Oklahoma, Science, 166, 888, 10.1126/science.166.3907.888

Broili, 1904, Stammreptilien, Anat. Anz., 25, 577

Carroll, 1964, The earliest reptiles, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 45, 61, 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1964.tb00488.x

Carroll, 1970, The ancestry of reptiles, Phil. Trans. R. Soc., B257, 267, 10.1098/rstb.1970.0026

Carroll, 1970, Quantitative aspects of the amphibian-reptilian transition, Form. Funct., 3, 165

Carroll, 1982, Early evolution of reptiles, Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 13, 87, 10.1146/annurev.es.13.110182.000511

Carroll, 1988, Vertebrate paleontology and evolution

Carroll, 1991, The origin of reptiles, Origins of the higher groups of tetrapods—controversy and consensus, 331

Carroll, 1995, Problems of the phylogenetic analysis of Paleozoic choanates, Bull. Mus. natl. Hist. nat., Paris, 4è sér, 17, 389

Carroll, 1977, Appendix to accompany chapter 13—Patterns of amphibian evolution: An extended example of the incompleteness of the fossil record, Patterns of evolution, 1

Case, 1911, A revision of the Cotylosauria of North America, Carnegie Inst. Washington, 145, 1

Casgrain, 2001, The R Package for Multivariate and Spatial Analysis, version 4.0 d5—User's Manual

Castanet, 2001, Signification de l'histodiversité osseuse: Le message de l'os, Biosystema, 19, 133

Clack, 1987, Pholiderpeton scutigerum Huxley, an amphibian from the Yorkshire coal measures, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B, 318, 1, 10.1098/rstb.1987.0082

Clack, 1998, A new Early Carboniferous tetrapod with a mélange of crown-group characters, Nature, 394, 66, 10.1038/27895

Cope, 1880, Extinct Batrachia, Am. Nat., 14, 609

de Braga, 1996, The Early Permian reptile Acleistorhinus pteroticus and its phylogenetic position, J. Vertebr. Paleontol., 16, 384, 10.1080/02724634.1996.10011328

Depéret, 1907, Les transformations du monde animal

Dodick, 1995, The cranial anatomy of the captorhinid reptile Labidosaurikos meachami from the Lower Permian of Oklahoma, Palaeontology, 38, 687

Felsenstein, 1985, Phylogenies and the comparative method, Am. Nat., 125, 1, 10.1086/284325

Gauthier, 1988, The early evolution of the Amniota, The phylogeny and classification of the tetrapods, Volume 1: Amphibians, reptiles, birds, 103

Gould, 1997, Cope's rule as psychological artefact, Nature, 385, 199, 10.1038/385199a0

Gunga, 1998, Body size and body volume distribution in two sauropods from the Upper Jurassic of Tendaguru (Tanzania), Mitt. Mus. Nat.kd. Berl., Geowiss. Reihe, 2, 91

Harland, 1990, A geologic time scale

Hentz, 1988, Lithostratigraphy and paleoenvironments of Upper Paleozoic Continental Red Beds, North-Central Texas: Bowie (New) and Wichita (Revised) Groups, Rep. Invest. Bur. econ. Geol. Univ. Tex., 170, 1

Ingavat, 1981, Cyclotosaurus cf. Posthumus Fraas (Capitosauridae, Stereospondyli) from the Huai Hin Lat Formation (Upper Triassic), Northeastern Thailand, with a note on capitosaurid biogeography, Geobios, 14, 711, 10.1016/S0016-6995(81)80149-0

Jablonski, 1997, Body-size evolution in Cretaceous molluscs and the status of Cope's rule, Nature, 385, 250, 10.1038/385250a0

Jin, 1997, Permian chronostratigraphic subdivisions, Episodes, 20, 1

Laurin, 1993, Anatomy and relationships of Haptodus garnettensis, a Pennsylvanian synapsid from Kansas, J. Vertebr. Paleontol., 13, 200, 10.1080/02724634.1993.10011501

Laurin, 1996, A reappraisal of Utegenia, a Permo-Carboniferous seymouriamorph (Tetrapoda: Batrachosauria) from Kazakhstan, J. Vertebr. Paleontol., 16, 374, 10.1080/02724634.1996.10011327

Laurin, 1996, A reevaluation of Ariekanerpeton, a Lower Permian seymouriamorph (Tetrapoda: Seymouriamorpha) from Tadzhikistan, J. Vertebr. Paleontol., 16, 653, 10.1080/02724634.1996.10011355

Laurin, 1998, The importance of global parsimony and historical bias in understanding tetrapod evolution, Part I—systematics, middle ear evolution, and jaw suspension. Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., 13 Ser., 19, 1

Laurin, 1998, A reevaluation of the origin of pentadactyly, Evolution., 52, 1476, 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb02028.x

Laurin, 2001, L'utilisation de la taxonomie phylogénétique en paléontologie: Avantages et inconvénients, Biosystema, 19, 197

Laurin, 1999, Embryo retention in sarcopterygians, and the origin of the extra-embryonic membranes of the amniotic egg, Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. 13 Ser., 20, 99

Laurin, 1995, A reevaluation of early amniote phylogeny, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 113, 165, 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb00932.x

Laurin, 1997, A new perspective on tetrapod phylogeny, Amniote Origins—Completing the transition to land, 9, 10.1016/B978-012676460-4/50003-2

Laurin, 1999, A new study of Solenodonsaurus janenschi, and a reconsideration of amniote origins and stegocephalian evolution, Can. J. Earth Sci., 36, 1239, 10.1139/e99-036

Lee, 1997, Crown-clades, key characters and taxonomic stability: When is an amniote not an amniote?, Amniote origins—Completing the transition to land, 61, 10.1016/B978-012676460-4/50004-4

Legendre, 1994, Modeling brain evolution from behavior: A permutational regression approach, Evolution, 48, 1487, 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1994.tb02191.x

Lombard, 1992, Recent progress in understanding early tetrapods, Am. Zool., 32, 609, 10.1093/icb/32.6.609

MacFadden, 1986, Fossil horses from “Eohipus” (Hyracotherium) to Equus: Scaling, Cope's Law, and the evolution of body size, Paleobiology, 12, 355, 10.1017/S0094837300003109

Maddison, 1991, Squared-change parsimony reconstructions of ancestral states for continuous-valued characters on a phylogenetic tree, Syst. Zool., 40, 304, 10.2307/2992324

Maddison, 2002, Mesquite: A modular system for evolutionary analysis

Maddison, 2002, TreeFram package of modules for Mesquite

Martins, 1999, Estimation of ancestral states of continuous characters: A computer simulation study, Syst. Biol., 48, 642, 10.1080/106351599260210

Midford, 2003, PDAP Package (of Mesquite)

Milner, 1980, A review of the Nectridea (Amphibia), The terrestrial environment and the origin of land vertebrates, 377

Milner, 1990, The radiations of temnospondyl amphibians, Major evolutionary radiations, 321

Milner, 1993, Amphibian-grade Tetrapoda, The fossil record, 665

Milner, 1998, A cochleosaurid temnospondyl amphibian from the Middle Pennsylvanian of Linton, Ohio, U.S.A, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 122, 261, 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1998.tb02532.x

Modesto, 1992, Restudy of Permo-Carboniferous synapsid Edaphosaurus novomexicanus Williston and Case, the oldest known herbivorous amniote, Can. J. Earth Sci., 29, 2653, 10.1139/e92-210

Morand, 1997, Comparative analyses of continuous data: The need to be phylogenetically correct, Mém. Mus. natn. Hist. nat., 173, 73

Nelson, 1989, Species and taxa: Systematics and evolution, Speciation and its consequences, 60

Norris, 1991, Biased extinction and evolutionary trends, Paleobiology, 17, 388, 10.1017/S0094837300010721

Oakley, 2000, Independent contrasts succeed where ancestor reconstruction fails in a known bacteriophage phylogeny, Evolution, 54, 397, 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2000.tb00042.x

Panchen, 1988, The relationships of the earliest tetrapods, The phylogeny and classification of the Tetrapods, Volume 1: Amphibians, reptiles, birds, 1

Paton, 1999, An amniote-like skeleton from the Early Carboniferous of Scotland, Nature, 398, 508, 10.1038/19071

Polly, 2001, Paleontology and the comparative method: Ancestral node reconstructions versus observed node values, Am. Nat., 157, 596, 10.1086/320622

Rambaut, 2001, TreeEdit—Phylogenetic Tree Editor, version 1.0 alpha 10 Carbon

Reisz, 1986, Pelycosauria, Encyclopedia of paleoherpetology, 1

Reisz, 1992, The cranial anatomy and relationships of Secodontosaurus, an unusual mammal-like reptile (Synapsida: Sphenacodontidae) from the early Permian of Texas, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 104, 127, 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1992.tb00920.x

Reisz, 1998, Anatomy and relationships of Elliotsmithia longiceps Broom, a small synapsid (Eupelycosauria: Varanopseidae) from the Late Permian of South Africa, J. Vertebr. Paleontol., 18, 602, 10.1080/02724634.1998.10011087

Ricqlès, 1984, Remarques systématiques et méthodologiques pour servir à l'étude de la famille des Captorhinidés, Ann. Paléont, 70, 1

Romer, 1957, Origin of the amniote egg, The Scientific Monthly, 85, 57

Ruta, 2003, Early tetrapod relationships revisisted, Biol. Rev., 78, 251, 10.1017/S1464793102006103

Scherrer, 1984, Biostatistique

Schoch, 1992, Comparative ontogeny of Early Permian branchiosaurid amphibians from Southwestern Germany, Palaeontogr. Abt., A222, 43

Schultze, 1981, A new gymnarthrid microsaur from the Lower Permian of Kansas with a review of the Tuditanomorph microsaurs, Amphibia, 91, 1

Smith, 1994, Systematics and the fossil record: Documenting evolutionary patterns, 10.1002/9781444313918

Smithson, 1989, The earliest known reptile, Nature, 342, 676, 10.1038/342676a0

Smithson, 1994, Westlothiana lizziae from the Viséan of East Kirkton, West Lothian, Scotland, and the amniote stem, Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh, 84, 383, 10.1017/S0263593300006192

Smithson, 1990, Westlothiana gen, nov.: Naming the earliest known reptile. Scott. J. Geol., 26, 137

Sumida, 1992, Morphology of the atlas-axis complex of the late Palaeozoic tetrapod suborders Diadectomorpha and Seymouriamorpha, Phil. Trans. R. Soc., 336B, 259, 10.1098/rstb.1992.0060

Trueb, 1991, A phylogenetic investigation of the inter- and intrarelationships of the Lissamphibia (Amphibia: Temnospondyli), Origins of the higher groups of tetrapods—Controversy and consensus, 223

Webster, 2002, Testing the accuracy of methods for reconstructing ancestral states of continuous characters, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, 269, 143, 10.1098/rspb.2001.1873

Zar, 1984, Biostatistical analysis, 2nd ed.

Zhu, 1997, The oldest sarcopterygian fish, Lethaia, 30, 293, 10.1111/j.1502-3931.1997.tb00472.x

Zhu, 2001, A primitive sarcopterygian fish with an eyestalk, Nature, 410, 81, 10.1038/35065078

Andrews, 1991, The order Adelospondyli: Carboniferous lepospondyl amphibians, Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh, 82, 239, 10.1017/S0263593300005332

Andrews, 1970, The postcranial skeleton of Eusthenopteron foordi Whiteaves, Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh, 68, 207, 10.1017/S008045680001471X

Beaumont, 1977, Cranial morphology of the Loxommatidae (Amphibia: Labyrinthodontia), Phil. Trans. R. Soc., B280, 29, 10.1098/rstb.1977.0099

Berman, 1982, Restudy of Mycterosaurus longiceps (Reptilia, Pelycosauria) from the Lower Permian of Texas, Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist., 51, 423, 10.5962/p.330753

Berman, 1986, Captorhinid reptiles from the Early Permian of New Mexico, with description of a new genus and species, Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist., 55, 1, 10.5962/p.215200

Berman, 1987, Seymouria sanjuanensis (Amphibia, Batrachosauria) from the Lower Permian Cutler Formation of north-central New Mexico and the occurrence of sexual dimorphism in that genus questioned, Can. J. Earth Sci., 24, 1769, 10.1139/e87-169

Bolt, 1977, Dissorophoid relationships and ontogeny, and the origin of the Lissamphibia, J. Paleont., 51, 235

Bossy, 1976, Morphology, paleoecology, and evolutionary relationships of the Pennsylvanian urocordylid nectrideans (subclass Lepospondyli, class Amphibia)

Boy, 1988, Über einige Vertreter der Eryopoidea (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) aus dem europäischen Rotliegend (?höchstes Karbon-Perm) 1, Sclerocephalus. Paläontol. Z., 62, 107, 10.1007/BF02989838

Boy, 1993, Über einige Vertreter der Eryopoidea (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) aus dem europäischen Rotliegend (?höchstes Karbon-Perm) 4, Cheliderpeton latirostre. Paläontol. Z., 67, 123, 10.1007/BF02985874

Bystrow, 1944, Kotlassia prima Amalitzky, Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 55, 379, 10.1130/GSAB-55-379

Carroll, 1964, Early evolution of the dissorophid amphibians, Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., 131, 161

Carroll, 1969, A Middle Pennsylvanian Captorhinomorph, and the interrelationships of primitive reptiles, J. Paleont., 43, 151

Carroll, 1971, A captorhinomorph reptile from the Lower Permian of Europe, J. Paleont., 45, 450

Carroll, 1978, The order Microsauria. American Philosophical Society

Chase, 1965, Neldasaurus wrightae, a new rhachitomous labyrinthodont from the Texas Lower Permian, Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., 133, 153

Clark, 1973, Romeriid Reptiles from the Lower Permian, Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., 144, 353

Coates, 1996, The Devonian tetrapod Acanthostega gunnari Jarvik: Postcranial anatomy, basal tetrapod interrelationships and patterns of skeletal evolution, Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh, 87, 363, 10.1017/S0263593300006787

De Mar, 1968, The Permian labyrinthodont amphibian Dissorophus multicinctus, and adaptations and phylogeny of the family Dissorophidae, J. Paleont., 42, 1210

Dilkes, 1987, Trematops milleri Williston, 1909 Identified as a Junior Synonym of Acheloma cumminsi Cope, 1898, with a Revision of the Genus, Am. Mus. Novit., 2902, 1

Fracasso, 1983, Cranial osteology, functional morphology, systematics and paleoenvironment of Limnoscelis paludis Williston

Godfrey, 1989, The postcranial skeletal anatomy of the Carboniferous tetrapod Greererpeton burkemorani Romer, 1969, Phil. Trans. R. Soc., B323, 75, 10.1098/rstb.1989.0002

Godfrey, 1989, Ontogenetic changes in the skull of the Carboniferous tetrapod Greererpeton burkemorani Romer, 1969, Phil. Trans. R. Soc., B323, 135, 10.1098/rstb.1989.0003

Heaton, 1979, Cranial anatomy of primitive captorhinid reptiles from the Late Pennsylvanian and Early Permian Oklahoma and Texas, Bull. Okla. geol. Surv., 127, 1

Heaton, 1980, A skeletal reconstruction of the Early Permian captorhinid reptile Eocaptorhinus laticeps (Williston), J. Paleont., 54, 136

Holmes, 1984, The Carboniferous amphibian Proterogyrinus scheelei Romer, and the early evolution of tetrapods, Phil. Trans. R. Soc., B306, 431, 10.1098/rstb.1984.0103

Holmes, 1989, The skull and axial skeleton of the Lower Permian anthracosauroid amphibian Archeria crassidisca Cope, Palaeontogr. Abt. A, 207, 161

Holmes, 1998, The first articulated skeleton of Dendrerpeton acadianum (Temnospondyli, Dendrerpetontidae) from the Lower Pennsylvanian locality of Joggins, Nova Scotia, and a review of its relationships, J. Vertebr. Paleontol., 18, 64, 10.1080/02724634.1998.10011034

Hook, 1983, Colosteus scutellatus (Newberry), a primitive temnospondyl amphibian from the Middle Pennsylvanian of Linton, Ohio, Am. Mus. Novit., 2770, 1

Hook, 1993, Chenoprosopus lewisi, a new cochleosaurid amphibian (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) from the Permo-Carboniferous of North-Central Texas, Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist., 62, 273, 10.5962/p.215123

Huene, 1925, Ein neuer Pelycosaurier aus der unteren Permformation Sachsens, G. Pal. Abh., 18, 215

Jarvik, 1980, Basic structure and evolution of vertebrates

Jarvik, 1996, The Devonian tetrapod Ichthyostega, Fossils and Strata, 40, 1, 10.18261/8200376605-1996-01

Langston, 1981, Aerosaurus wellesi, new species, a varanopseid mammal-like reptile (Synapsida: Pelycosauria) from the Lower Permian of New Mexico, J. Vertebr. Paleontol., 1, 73, 10.1080/02724634.1981.10011881

Laurin, 1994, Re-evaluation of Cutleria wilmarthi, an Early Permian synapsid from Colorado, J. Vertebr. Paleontol., 14, 134, 10.1080/02724634.1994.10011544

Laurin, 1996, The osteology and relationships of Tetraceratops insignis, the oldest known therapsid, J. Vertebr. Paleontol., 16, 95, 10.1080/02724634.1996.10011287

McGinnis, 1967, The osteology of Phlegethontia, a Carboniferous and Permian aïstopod amphibian, Univ. Calif. Publs. Bull. Dep. Geol., 71, 1

Milner, 1980, The temnospondyl amphibian Dendrerpeton from the Upper Carboniferous of Ireland, Palaeontology, 23, 125

Milner, 1994, The temnospondyl amphibians from the Viséan of East Kirkton, West Lothian, Scotland, Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh, 84, 331, 10.1017/S0263593300006155

Modesto, 1994, The Lower Permian synapsid Glaucosaurus from Texas, Palaeontology, 37, 51

Modesto, 1995, The skull of the herbivorous synapsid Edaphosaurus boanerges from the Lower Permian of Texas, Palaeontology, 38, 213

Modesto, 1996, The anatomy, relationships, and palaeoecology of Mesosaurus tenuidens and Stereosternum tumidum (Amniota: Mesosauridae) from the Lower Permian of Gondwana

Modesto, 1990, A new skeleton of Ianthasaurus hardestii, an edaphosaur (Synapsida: Pelycosauria) from the Late Pennsylvanian of Kansas, Can. J. Earth Sci., 27, 834, 10.1139/e90-086

Moss, 1972, The morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the lower Permian tetrapod Tseajaia campi Vaughn (Amphibia: Seymouriamorpha), Univ. Calif. Publs. Bull. Dep. Geol., 98, 1

Moulton, 1974, A description of the vertebral column of Eryops based on the notes and drawings of A. S. Romer, Breviora, 428, 1

Olson, 1951, Diplocaulus—a study in growth and variation, Fieldiana Geol., 11, 57

Olson, 1965, New Permian Vertebrates from the Chickasha Formation in Oklahoma, Circ. Okla. Geol. Surv., 70, 1

Olson, 1979, Aspects of the biology of Trimerorhachis (Amphibia: Temnospondyli), J. Paleont., 53, 1

Panchen, 1972, The skull and skeleton of Eogyrinus attheyi Watson (Amphibia: Labyrinthodontia), Phil. Trans. R. Soc., B263, 279, 10.1098/rstb.1972.0002

Panchen, 1977, On Anthracosaurus russelli Huxley (Amphibia: Labyrinthodontia) and the family Anthracosauridae, Phil. Trans. R. Soc., B279, 447, 10.1098/rstb.1977.0096

Panchen, 1985, On the amphibian Crassigyrigus scoticus Watson from the Carboniferous of Scotland, Phil. Trans. R. Soc., B309, 505, 10.1098/rstb.1985.0095

Panchen, 1990, The pelvic girdle and hind limb of Crassigyrinus scoticus (Lydekker) from the Scottish Carboniferous and the origin of the tetrapod pelvic skeleton, Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh, 81, 31, 10.1017/S0263593300005113

Reisz, 1972, Pelycosaurian reptiles from the Middle Pennsylvanian of North America, Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., 144, 27

Reisz, 1981, A diapsid reptile from the Pennsylvanian of Kansas, Univ. Kans. Publs. Mus. Nat. Hist., 7, 1

Reisz, 1984, The anatomy and relationships of the Lower Permian reptile Araeoscelis, J. Vertebr. Paleontol., 4, 57, 10.1080/02724634.1984.10011986

Rieppel, 1980, The edopoid amphibian Cochleosaurus from the Middle Pennsylvanian of Nova Scotia, Palaeontology, 23, 143

Romer, 1940, Review of the Pelycosauria, 10.1130/SPE28-p1

Romer, 1942, Edops, a primitive rhachitomous amphibian from the Texas red beds, J. Geol., 50, 925, 10.1086/625101

Sawin, 1941, The cranial anatomy of Eryops megacephalus, Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., 88, 407

Schoch, 1997, Cranial anatomy of the Permian temnospondyl amphibian Zatrachys serratus Cope 1878, and the phylogenetic position of the Zatrachydidae, Neuen Jahrbuch Geol. Paläontol. Abh., 206, 223, 10.1127/njgpa/206/1997/223

Seltin, 1959, A review of the family Captorhinidae, Fieldiana Geol., 10, 461

Sequeira, 1998, The cranial morphology and taxonomy of the saurerpetontid Isodectes obtusus comb. nov. (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) from the Lower Permian of Texas, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 122, 237, 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1998.tb02531.x

Sequeira, 1993, The temnospondyl amphibian Capetus from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic, Palaeontology, 36, 657

Stovall, 1966, The postcranial skeleton of the giant Permian pelycosaur Cotylorhynchus romeri, Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., 135, 1

Vorobyeva, 1991, Description and systematics of panderichthyid fishes with comments on their relationship to tetrapods, Origins of the higher groups of tetrapods—controversy and consensus, 68

Wellstead, 1982, A Lower Carboniferous aïstopod amphibian from Scotland, Palaeontology, 25, 193

Wellstead, 1991, Taxonomic revision of the Lysorophia, Permo-Carboniferous lepospondyl amphibians, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 209, 1

White, 1939, Osteology of Seymouria baylorensis Broili, Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., 85, 325

Williston, 1912, Restoration of Limnoscelis, a cotylosaur reptile from New Mexico, Am. Jour. Sci., 34, 457, 10.2475/ajs.s4-34.203.457