The Effect of an Endogenous Na+, K+-ATPase Inhibitor on Rat Lens Transparency and Ultrastructure
Tóm tắt
1. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the possible effect of ouabain and an endogenous ouabain-like substance (endobain E), on lenses of 100- and 400-g body weight rats. 2. Lenses were incubated with ouabain or endobain E for 120 min, either at room temperature or in the cold; opalescence was checked by gross examination and ultrastructure by electron microscopy. 3. Lenses from 400-g rats invariably remained translucent whereas those from 100-g rats presented variable opalescence. 4. As disclosed with the electron microscope, lenses of 100-g rats incubated at room temperature, with or without ouabain or endobain E, presented variable degrees of ultrastructural changes: with ouabain, there was fiber separation and vacuole formation but with endobain E, no vacuoles were found and fibers, though disorganized, appeared attached. After incubation in an ice bath, lenses were markedly altered in all conditions assayed. 5. It is concluded that ouabain and endobain E effect on lens transparency depends on the rat age and that in young animals, it is crucial incubation temperature during experimental procedure.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ahmad, S. S., Tsou, K. C., Ahmad, S. I., Rahman, M. A., and Kirmani, T. H. (1985). Studies on cataractogenesis in humans and rats with Alloxan-induced diabetes. Ophthalmic Res. 17:1–11.
Calviño, M. A., Peña, C., and Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz, G. (2001). An endogenous Na+, K+-ATPase inhibitor enhances phosphoinositide hydrolysis in neonatal but not in adult rat brain cortex. Neurochem. Res. 26:1253–1259.
Chylack, L. T., and Kinoshita, J. H. (1969). A biochemical evaluation of a cataract induced in a high-glucose medium. Invest. Ophthalmol. 8:401–412.
Dickerson, J. E., Jr., and Lou, M. F. (1993). A mixed disulfide species in human cataractous and aged lenses. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1157:141–146.
Fukui, H. N., Merola, L. O., and Kinoshita, J. H. (1978). A posible cataractogenic factor in the Nakano mouse lens. Exp. Eye Res. 26:477–485.
Hamai, Y., Fukui, H. M., and Kuwabara, T. (1974). Morphology of the hereditary mouse cataract. Exp. Eye Res. 18:537–546.
Hockwin, O. (1986). La Cataracte. La Recherche 17:30–38.
Iwata, S., and Kinoshita, J. I. (1971). Mechanism of development of hereditary cataract in mice. Invest. Ophthalmol. 10:504–512.
Kise, K., Kosaka, H., Nakabayashi, M., Kishida, K., Shiga, T., and Tano, Y. (1994). Reactive oxygen species involved in phenazine-methosulfate-induced rat lens opacification. An experimental model of cataract. Ophthalmic Res. 26:41–50.
Lichtstein, D., Gati, I., Samuelov, S., Berson, D., Rozenman, Y., Landau, L., and Deutsch, J. (1993). Identification of digitalis-like compounds in human cataractous lenses. Eur. J. Biochem. 216:261–268.
Lichtstein, D., Gati, I., Samuelov, S., Berson, D., Rozenman, Y., Landau, L., and Deutsch, J. (1994). New steroidal digitalis-like compounds in human cataractous lenses. In Bamberg, E., and Schoner, W. (eds.), The Sodium Pump, Steinkopff, Darmstadt, Germany, pp. 759–762.
McCarty, C., and Taylor, H. R. (1996). Recent developments in vision research. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 38:1720–1723.
Mizuno, G. R., Chapman, C. J., Chipault, J. R., and Pfeiffer, D. R. (1981). Lipid composition and(Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity in rat lens during triparanol-induced cataract formation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 644:1–12.
Nugent, J., and Whelan, J. (1984). Human cataract formation, In CIBA Foundation Symposium 106, Pitman Press, London, pp. 1–266.
Pellegrino de Iraldi, A., and Corazza, P. (1979). Perinatal cataract of the rat I. Development, influence of temperature, utrastructure. Exp. Eye Res. 29:145–153.
Peña, C., and Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz, G. (1997). Differential properties between an endogenous brain Na+, K+-ATPase inhibitor and ouabain. Neurochem. Res. 22:379–383.
Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz, G. (1992). In search of synaptosomal Na+, K+-ATPase regulators. Mol. Neurobiol. 6:359–375.
Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz, G. (1993). An endogenous factor which interacts with synaptosomal membrane Na+, K+-ATPase activation by K+. Neurochem. Res. 18:655–662.
Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz, G., and Antonelli de Gómez de Lima, M. (1986). Partial characterization of an endogenous factor which modulates the effect of catecholamines on synaptosomal Na+, K+-ATPase. Neurochem. Res. 11:933–947.
Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz, G., and Peña, C. (1995). Characterization of synaptosomal membrane Na+, K+-ATPase inhibitors. Neurochem. Int. 27:319–327.
Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz, G., Reinés, A., Herbin, T., and Peña, C. (1998). Na+, K+-ATPase interaction with a brain endogenous inhibitor (endobain E). Neurochem. Int. 33:425–433.
Rodríguez-Sargent, C., Estapé, E. S., Rodríguez-Santiago, A., Ramos, V. L., Irizarry, J. E., Cangiano, J. L., and Martínez-Maldonado, M. (1990). Lenticular rubidium uptake and plasma renin activity in weanling cataract-prone salt-sensitive rats. Hypertension 15:I-144-I-148.
Russell, P., Fukui, H. N., and Kinoshita, J. H. (1981). Properties of a Na+, K+-ATPase inhibitor in cultured lens epithelial cells. Vision Res. 21:37–39.
Samuelov, S., and Lichtstein, D. (1997). Digitalis-like compounds and Na+, K+-ATPase activity in bovine lens. Pflugers Arch. 433:435–441.
Sen, P. C., and Pfeiffer, D. R. (1982). Characterization of partially purified (Na+, K+)-ATPase from porcine lens. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 693:34–44.
Takehana, M. (1990). Hereditary cataract of the Nakano mouse. Exp. Eye Res. 50:671–676.
Unakar, N. J., Tsui, J., and Johnson, M. (1997). Effect of pretreatment of germanium-1322 on Na+,K+-ATPase and galactose cataracts. Curr. Eye Res. 16:832–837.
Varma, S. D., Devamanoharan, P. S., and Morris, S. M. (1995). Prevention of cataracts by nutritional and metabolic antioxidants. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 35:111–129.
Vatta, M., Peña, C., Fernández, B., and Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz, G. (1999). A brain Na+, K+-ATPase inhibitor (endobain E) enhances norepinephrine release in rat hypothalamus. Neuroscience 90:573–579.
Wang, Z., Hess, J. L., and Bunce, G. E. (1992). Calcium efflux in rat lens: Na/Ca-exchange related to cataract induced by selenite. Curr. Eye Res. 11:625–632.
Yokoyama, T., Sasaki, H., Giblin, F. J., and Reddy, V. N. (1994). A physiological level of ascorbate inhibits galactose cataract in guinea pigs by decreasing polyol accumulation in the lens epithelium: A dehydroascorbate-linked mechanism. Exp. Eye Res. 58:207–218.