The Effect of Virtual Reality and Buzzy on First Insertion Success, Procedure-Related Fear, Anxiety, and Pain in Children during Intravenous Insertion in the Pediatric Emergency Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Srouji, 2010, Pain in children: assessment and nonpharmacological management, Int J Pediatr, 2010, 10.1155/2010/474838 Düzkaya, 2021, The effect of a cartoon and an information video about intravenous insertion on pain and fear in children aged 6 to 12 years in the pediatric emergency unit: a randomized controlled trial, J Emerg Nurs, 47, 76, 10.1016/j.jen.2020.04.011 Küçük Alemdar, 2019, The use of the buzzy, jet lidokaine, bubble-blowing and aromatherapy for reducing pediatric pain, stress and fear associated with phlebotomy, J Pediatr Nurs, 45, 64, 10.1016/j.pedn.2019.01.010 Sivri Bilgen, 2019, The effect on pain of buzzy® and shotblocker® during the administration of intramuscular injections to children: a randomized controlled trial, J Korean Acad Nurs, 49, 486, 10.4040/jkan.2019.49.4.486 İnal, 2015, Using of distraction methods on procedural pain management of pediatric patients, Arch Health Sci Res, 2, 372 Özveren, 2011, Non-pharmacological methods at pain management, Hacettepe Univ Fac Health Sci Nurs J, 18, 83 Bourdier, 2021, Cold vibration (Buzzy) versus anesthetic patch (EMLA) for pain prevention during cannulation in children: a randomized trial, Pediatr Emerg Care, 37, 86, 10.1097/PEC.0000000000001867 Kearl, 2015, Does combined use of the J-tip® and Buzzy® device decrease the pain of venipuncture in a pediatric population?, J Pediatr Nurs, 30, 829, 10.1016/j.pedn.2015.06.007 Ballard, 2019, External cold and vibration for pain management of children undergoing needle-related procedures in the emergency department: a randomised controlled non-inferiority trial protocol, BMJ Open, 9, 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023214 Canbulat Şahiner, 2015, The effect of combined stimulation of external cold and vibration during immunization on pain and anxiety levels in children, J Perianesth Nurs, 30, 228, 10.1016/j.jopan.2014.05.011 Ş, 2019, Comparison of the effectiveness of two different methods of decreasing pain during phlebotomy in children: a randomized controlled trial, J Perianesth Nurs, 34, 749, 10.1016/j.jopan.2018.11.010 Baxter, 2011, An integration of vibration and cold relieves venipuncture pain in a pediatric emergency department, Pediatr Emerg Care, 27, 1151, 10.1097/PEC.0b013e318237ace4 Bavelier, 2010, Children, wired: for better and for worse, Neuron, 67, 692, 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.08.035 Dumoulin, 2019, A randomized controlled trial on the use of virtual reality for needle-related procedures in children and adolescents in the emergency department, Games Health J, 8, 285, 10.1089/g4h.2018.0111 Hua, 2015, The effect of virtual reality distraction on pain relief during dressing changes in children with chronic wounds on lower limbs, Pain Manag Nurs, 16, 685, 10.1016/j.pmn.2015.03.001 Özalp Gerçeker, 2020, Effects of virtual reality on pain, fear and anxiety during blood draw in children aged 5-12 years old: a randomised controlled study, J Clin Nurs, 29, 1151, 10.1111/jocn.15173 Gerçeker, 2018, Effects of virtual reality and external cold and vibration on pain in 7- to 12-year-old children during phlebotomy: a randomized controlled trial, J Perianesth Nurs, 33, 981, 10.1016/j.jopan.2017.12.010 McCahill, 2020, Use of virtual reality for minor procedures in the emergency department: a scoping review, Australas Emerg Care, 24, 174, 10.1016/j.auec.2020.06.006 Caruso, 2020, Retrospective review of the safety and efficacy of virtual reality in a pediatric hospital, Pediatr Qual Saf, 5, e293, 10.1097/pq9.0000000000000293 Schlechter, 2021, Virtual reality distraction during pediatric intravenous line placement in the emergency department: a prospective randomized comparison study, Am J Emerg Med, 44, 296, 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.009 Andersen, 2017, The measurement properties of pediatric observational pain scales: a systematic review of reviews, Int J Nurs Stud, 73, 93, 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.05.010 Li, 2005, Children’s Emotional Manifestation Scale: development and testing, J Clin Nurs, 14, 223, 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2004.01031.x Schulz, 2010, CONSORT 2010 statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials, BMJ, 340, c332, 10.1136/bmj.c332 Canbulat, 2014, Efficacy of distraction methods on procedural pain and anxiety by applying distraction cards and kaleidoscope in children, Asian Nurs Res, 8, 23, 10.1016/j.anr.2013.12.001 Yen, 2008, Derivation of the DIVA score: a clinical prediction rule for the identification of children with difficult intravenous access, Pediatr Emerg Care, 24, 143, 10.1097/PEC.0b013e3181666f32 Gerçeker, 2017, Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the difficult intravenous access score for children, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 10, 153 Mete İzci, 2020, A Turkish Version of Children’s Emotional Manifestation Scale: reliability and validity assessment, J Pediatr Res, 7, 293, 10.4274/jpr.galenos.2019.35762 Tsze, 2018, Defining No Pain, Mild, Moderate, and Severe Pain Based on the Faces Pain Scale-Revised and Color Analog Scale in children with acute pain, Pediatr Emerg Care, 34, 537, 10.1097/PEC.0000000000000791 McMurtry, 2011, Children’s fear during procedural pain: preliminary investigation of the children’s fear scale, Health Psychol, 30, 780, 10.1037/a0024817 Gerçeker, 2018, Gaining of children’s state anxiety and children’s fear scale, E-Journal of Dokuz Eylul University Nursing Faculty, 11, 9 Kleiber, 2006, Evaluating instruments for a study on children’s responses to a painful procedure when parents are distraction coaches, J Pediatr Nurs, 21, 99, 10.1016/j.pedn.2005.06.008 Potts, 2019, A vibrating cold device to reduce pain in the pediatric emergency department: a randomized clinical trial, Pediatr Emerg Care, 35, 419, 10.1097/PEC.0000000000001041 Caprilli, 2007, Interactive music as a treatment for pain and stress in children during venipuncture: a randomized prospective study, J Dev Behav Pediatr, 28, 399, 10.1097/DBP.0b013e31811ff8a7 Piskorz, 2018, Effectiveness of a virtual reality intervention to minimize pediatric stress and pain intensity during venipuncture, J Spec Pediatr Nurs, 23, 10.1111/jspn.12201 Chen, 2020, Distraction using virtual reality for children during intravenous injections in an emergency department: a randomised trial, J Clin Nurs, 29, 503, 10.1111/jocn.15088 Althumairi, 2021, Virtual reality: is it helping children cope with fear and pain during vaccination?, J Multidiscip Healthc, 14, 2625, 10.2147/JMDH.S327349 Lee, 2021, Virtual reality environment using a dome screen for procedural pain in young children during intravenous placement: a pilot randomized controlled trial, PLoS One, 16, 10.1371/journal.pone.0256489 Canbulat, 2015, Effectiveness of external cold and vibration for procedural pain relief during peripheral intravenous cannulation in pediatric patients, Pain Manag Nurs, 16, 33, 10.1016/j.pmn.2014.03.003 Lunoe, 2015, The use of the needle-free jet injection system with buffered lidocaine device does not change intravenous placement success in children in the emergency department, Acad Emerg Med, 22, 447, 10.1111/acem.12629 Shaukat, 2020, Utility of the DIVA score for experienced emergency department technicians, Br J Nurs, 29, S35, 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.2.S35 Özalp Gerçeker, 2018, The impact of the difficult vascular access, fear, and anxiety level in children on the success of first-time phlebotomy, J Vasc Access, 19, 620, 10.1177/1129729818765598 Chad, 2018, Effect of virtual reality headset for pediatric fear and pain distraction during immunization, Pain Manag, 8, 175, 10.2217/pmt-2017-0040 Tork, 2017, Comparison of the effectiveness of Buzzy, distracting cards and balloon inflating on mitigating pain and anxiety during venipuncture in a pediatric emergency department, Am J Nurs Sci, 6, 26, 10.11648/j.ajns.20170601.14 Semerci, 2020, Reduction of pain during intravenous cannulation in children: Buzzy application. Article in Turkish, Agri, 32, 177 Eijlers, 2019, Systematic review and meta-analysis of virtual reality in pediatrics: effects on pain and anxiety, Anesth Analg, 129, 1344, 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004165 Osmanlliu, 2021, Distraction in the Emergency department using virtual reality for intravenous procedures in Children to Improve comfort (DEVINCI): a pilot pragmatic randomized controlled trial, CJEM, 23, 94, 10.1007/s43678-020-00006-6 Knight, 2019, Virtual reality distraction from painful procedures in the paediatric emergency department, Arch Dis Child, 104, 204, 10.1136/archdischild-2018-315921