The Effect of Power in Sexual Relationships on Sexual and Reproductive Health: An Examination of the Evidence

Studies in Family Planning - Tập 32 Số 3 - Trang 189-213 - 2001
Ann K. Blanc1
1Blancroft Research International, 11718 Lightfall Court, Columbia, MD 21044, USA.

Tóm tắt

This article reviews what has been learned to date about the role of gender‐based power in sexual relationships in determining sexual and reproductive health outcomes. A framework for assessing the relationship between power relations and reproductive health is outlined and measurement issues are critically discussed. A summary is included of the main types of intervention approaches that have been implemented, as are a discussion of the programmatic, methodological, and ethical implications of the findings and recommendations for further experimentation and research. Although many challenges remain, results to date suggest that when the role of gender‐based power is made an integral feature of sexual and reproductive health programs, there is a considerable payoff for both women and men.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Abdel‐Tawab Nahla DaleHuntington Ezzeldin OsmanHassan HalaYoussef andLailaNawar.1997. “Effects of husband involvement on postabortion patients' recovery and use of contraception in Egypt.” Cairo :Population Council Asia and Near East Operations Research/Technical Assistance Project.

Abdel‐Tawab Nahla, Responding to Cairo: Case Studies of Changed Practice in Reproductive Health and Family Planning (working title)

Aggleton Peter, 1999, Sex and Youth: Contextual Factors Affecting Risk for HIV/AIDS. A Comparative Analysis of Multi‐Site Studies in Developing Countries, 104

10.1080/14681990050109818

AVSC International and IPPF/WHR.1998a. “Literature review for the symposium on male participation in sexual and reproductive health: New paradigms.” Oaxaca Mexico :AVSC International and IPPF/WHR.

AVSC International and IPPF/WHR.1998b. “Five case studies for the symposium on male participation in sexual and reproductive health: New paradigms.” Oaxaca Mexico :AVSC International and IPPF/WHR.

Balmer D.H., 1995, The negotiating strategies determining coitus in stable heterosexual relationships, Health Transition Review, 5, 85

10.1080/0032472031000148536

10.2307/2991915

10.1080/14681990050109854

Barnett Barbara, 1998, Women's Voices, Women's Lives: The Impact of Family Planning

Barroso Carmen, 2001, Women's Empowerment and Demographic Processes: Moving Beyond Cairo

10.1111/j.1728-4465.1999.00054.x

Becker Julie, 1997, Qual‐ity/Calidad/Qualite

10.2307/2138025

10.2307/2991881

10.1111/j.1728-4465.2001.00111.x

Beckman Linda J, 1983, Determinants of Fertility in Developing Countries. Volume 2. Fertility Regulation and Institutional Influences, 415

10.1111/j.1728-4465.2001.00130.x

10.2307/172249

Biddlecom Ann E., 1996, Policy Research Division Working Paper

Blanc Ann K.andBrentWolff. Forthcoming. “Gender and decision making over condom use in two districts in Uganda.African Journal of Reproductive Health.

Blanc Ann K., 1996, Negotiating Reproductive Outcomes in Uganda

10.2307/2137932

Bruce Judith.1998. “Social context of reproductive health: Acknowledging the role of partners and fostering partner support for reproductive choice and health.” Unpublished.

10.2307/2137886

10.1111/j.1728-4465.1999.00231.x

Chowdhury Syeda Nahid Mukith, 1997, Strengthening STD Services for Men in an Urban Clinic‐based Program

Clark Wesley H, 1998, Gender and Social Context in Population Council Operations Research: Lessons from the Past, Thoughts for the Future

Coeytaux Francine, 1989, Quality/ Calidad/Qualite

Coggins Christiana, From Principles to Practice: Case Studies of Post Cairo Change

Cohen Sylvie I., 2000, Technical Paper

10.1080/136910500300769

The Communication Initiative, 2000, Turning the ordinary into the extraordinary: The green pendelu and maternal health in Mali, The Drum Beat, 55

10.2307/2939221

10.2307/3004054

Drennan M, 1998, Population Reports

10.1111/j.1728-4465.2001.00001.x

El‐Zanaty Fatma, 1996, Egypt Demographic and Health Survey 1995

El‐Zanaty Fatma, 1999, Egypt In‐Depth Study on the Reasons for Nonuse of Family Planning: Results of a Panel Survey in Upper Egypt

10.2307/2939231

Ezeh Alex C.andAnastasia J.Gage.1998. “The cultural and economic context of domestic violence in Uganda.Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America Chicago 1–4 April.

Ezeh Alex C., 1996, DHS Comparative Studies

Family Health International (FHI), 1998, Network: Men and Reproductive Health 18(3)

Fapohunda Bolaji M., 1999, Expanding Men's Participation in Reproductive Health in Kenya

10.2307/2138012

Gage Anastasia J, 2000, Women's Empowerment and Demographic Processes: Moving Beyond Cairo

Gage Anastasia J.andAlex C.Ezeh.2000. “The relevance of bride‐wealth payments to reproductive decision‐making in Uganda.Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America Los Angeles 23–25 March.

10.2307/2138028

Green Cynthia P., 1995, Technical Report

10.1111/j.1728-4457.2000.00081.x

Greenhalgh Susan, 1992, Policy Research Division Working Paper

Guedes Alessandra SarahBott andYvetteCuca. Forthcoming. “Integrating systematic screening for gender‐based violence into sexual and reproductive health services: Results of a baseline study by the International Planned Parenthood Federation/Western Hemisphere Region.International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Gupta Geeta Rao.2000. “Gender sexuality and HIV/AIDS: The what the why and the how.Plenary address at the XII International AIDS Conference Durban South Africa 9–14 July.

10.1007/BF01379307

Havanon Napaporn, 1996, Learning About Sexuality: A Practical Beginning, 110

10.31899/rh5.1033

Heise Lori, 1999, Population Reports

10.1016/S0968-8080(96)90018-X

10.1111/j.1728-4465.1999.t01-2-.x

Hollerbach Paula E, 1983, Determinants of Fertility in Developing Countries. Volume 2. Fertility Regulation and Institutional Influences, 340

Ibrahim Barbara BarbaraMensch andOmaima ElGibaly.1998. “Transitions to manhood: Socialization of gender roles and marriage among Egyptian adolescent boys.Paper presented to the IUSSP Seminar on Men Family Formation and Reproduction Buenos Aires 13–15 May.

Instituto Mexicano de Investigación de Familia y Población (IMIFAP), 1999, Report‐in‐brief

International Planned Parenthood Federation/Western Hemisphere Region (IPPF/WHR), 2000, BASTA! A newsletter from IPPF/WHR on integrating gender‐based violence into sexual and reproductive health

Jejeebhoy Shireen J, 2000, Women's Empowerment and Demographic Processes: Moving Beyond Cairo

10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00177-5

10.2307/172252

Kabira Daniel N.1999. “Male dominance and authority in reproductive decision‐making: Perspectives in Kenya and Indonesia.Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America New York 25–27 March.

Kapoor Sushma, 2000, Domestic Violence Against Women and Girls. Innocenti Digest

10.2307/2137968

Khan M.E., 1997, Male Involvement in Family Planning: A KABP Study of Agra District, India

Khan M.E. RanjanaSinha SeemaLakhanpal andJohn W.Townsend.1996. “Sexual violence within marriage: A case study of rural Uttar Pradesh.Paper prepared for a national workshop on The SMART MALE: Male Involvement in Family Planning Bombay 6–7 September.

Khan M.E., 1997, Involving men in safe motherhood, Journal of Family Welfare, 43

Kishor Sunita, 2000, Women's Empowerment and Demographic Processes: Moving Beyond Cairo, 119

Kritz Mary M., 2000, Women's Empowerment and Demographic Processes: Moving Beyond Cairo

10.2307/2950781

10.1136/sti.76.4.277

Loftin Craig R.andPatriciaEngle.1999. “Father involvement project: Soy padre de campeones.Report to the Population Council.

Maman Suzanne, 2001, HIV and Partner Violence: Implications for HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing Programs, 10.31899/HIV2.1050

Marindo Ravai.1999. “Reducing the risk of STI/HIV among pregnant women and their partners in Zimbabwe: A report on the findings of preliminary formative research.” Washington DC :Population Council Horizons project report. Unpublished.

Mason Karen Oppenheim, 1994, HIV transmission and the balance of power between men and women: A global view, Health Transition Review, 4, 217

Mason Karen OppenheimandHerbert L.Smith.1999. “Female autonomy and fertility in five Asian countries.Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America New York 25–27 March.

10.2307/2648043

Mensch Barbara S., 1998, The Uncharted Passage: Girls' Adolescence in the Developing World, 10.31899/pgy11.1008

Moore Kirsten, 1996, What's Sex Got to Do With It? Challenges for Incorporating Sexuality into Family Planning Programs, 10.31899/rh5.1032

Moore Kirsten, 1995, Gender Aware Operations Research: Asia and Near East Operations Research/Technical Assistance Project

Muia Esther, 2000, Integrating Men into the Reproductive Health Equation: Acceptability and Feasibility in Kenya, 10.31899/rh5.1005

Muvandi Ityai, 2000, Heads, Tails or Equality? Men, Women and Reproductive Health in Zambia

10.2307/2137887

10.1017/S0021932097000333

Orobaton Nosa, 2000, Fertility and the Male Life‐Cycle in the Era of Fertility Decline

10.1525/california/9780520218369.001.0001

Pile John M., 1999, AVSC Working Paper

Pulerwitz Julie HortensiaAmaro WilliamDeJong Steven L.Gort‐maker andRimaRudd.2000a. “Relationship power and couples' use of condoms.” Unpublished.

10.1023/A:1007051506972

Raju Saraswati, 2000, Men as Supportive Partners in Reproductive Health: Moving from Rhetoric to Reality, 10.31899/rh2000.1040

10.2307/2939244

Riley Nancy E, 1997, Population Bulletin 52(1)

Rogow Debbie, 1990, Quality/Calidad/Qualité

Rogow Debbie, 2000, Quality/Calidad/Qualité

10.2307/2137860

10.2307/2648301

10.1016/S0968-8080(99)90015-0

10.1016/S0305-750X(96)00119-2

Sen Gita, 2000, Women's Empowerment and Demographic Processes: Moving Beyond Cairo, 15

Shepard Bonnie, Responding to Cairo: Case Studies of Changed Practice in Reproductive Health and Family Planning

Simmons Ruth, 1996, Family Planning Programs and Other Interventions to Assist Women: Their Impact on Demographic Change and on the Status of Women

10.2307/172251

Social Sciences and Reproductive Health Research Network (SSRHN), 1999, Male Responsibility in Reproductive Health

10.1111/j.1728-4465.1999.00017.x

Standing Hilary, 1999, Gender and Health Equity Project Conceptual Paper

10.1111/j.1728-4465.1999..x

Tapsoba Placide RobertMiller andLilia RajoelisonRalalalhariventy.1993. “Involving husbands to increase the acceptability of Norplant in Antananarivo Madagascar.Paper prepared for the annual meeting of the American Public Health Association San Francisco 24–28 October.

10.2105/AJPH.83.11.1567

Tolbert Kathryn Maria RosaGárate XimenaSalazar EduardoCobián HildaGonzáles andAgustínEspinosa.1998. “Improving reproductive health of couples: Men the ignored partners.INOPAL III in‐house project final project report.

Toubia Nahid, 1995, Quality/Calidad/Qualité

Turan Janet Molzan, Responding to Cairo: Case Studies of Changed Practice in Reproductive Health and Family Planning

10.1016/0277-9536(92)90068-2

UNFPA, 2000, Partners for Change: Enlisting Men in AIDS Prevention

United Nations, 2000, World Population Monitoring 2000: Population, Gender and Development, 10.18356/7e4afadd-en

10.2307/2991897

Varga C.A, 1997, Sexual decision‐making and negotiation in the midst of AIDS: Youth in KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa, Health Transition Review, 45

10.2105/AJPH.88.4.646

Watkins Susan Cotts, 1997, The Continuing Demographic Transition

10.2307/2991918

Weiss Ellen, 1996, Vulnerability and Opportunity: Adolescents and HIV/AIDS in the Developing World

10.1080/14681990050109836

Welbourn Alice.1999. “Gender sex and HIV: How to address issues that no‐one wants to hear about.” 〈http://www.actionaid.org/stratshope/sstantqu.html〉 Accessed February 2001.

Whelan Daniel, 1999, Gender and HIV/AIDS: Taking Stock of Research and Programmes

Widyantoro Ninuk, 1996, Learning About Sexuality: A Practical Beginning, 158

Wolff Brent, 2000, Who decides: women's status and negotiation of sex in Uganda, Culture, Health and Sexuality, 3, 1

10.1111/j.1728-4465.2000.00124.x

World Health Organization (WHO), 1998, Technical Paper

World Health Organization (WHO), 1999, Female Genital Mutilation: A Review of Programmes to Date

World Health Organization (WHO). No date. “Putting women first: Ethical and safety recommendations for research on domestic violence against women.” 〈http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/vaw/ethicsenglish.htm〉. Accessed January 2001.

Zeidenstein Sondra, 1996, Learning About Sexuality: A Practical Beginning, 1, 10.31899/pgy1996.1007