The Edinger‐Westphal nucleus: A historical, structural, and functional perspective on a dichotomous terminology

Journal of Comparative Neurology - Tập 519 Số 8 - Trang 1413-1434 - 2011
Tamás Kozicz1, Jackson C. Bittencourt2, Paul J. May3, Anton Reiner4, Paul D. Gamlin5, Miklós Palkovits6, Anja K. E. Horn7, Cláudio A.B. Toledo8, Andrey E. Ryabinin9
1Department of Cellular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
2Laboratory of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Institute of Psychology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05311-970, Brazil
3Departments of Anatomy, Ophthalmology and Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216
4Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163
5Department of Vision Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
6Neuromorphological and Neuroendocrine Research Laboratory, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary 1085
7Institute of Anatomy I, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich 80336, Germany
8Neuroscience Research Nucleus, Universidade Cidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 65057-420, Brazil
9Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098.

Tóm tắt

AbstractThe eponymous term nucleus of Edinger‐Westphal (EW) has come to be used to describe two juxtaposed and somewhat intermingled cell groups of the midbrain that differ dramatically in their connectivity and neurochemistry. On one hand, the classically defined EW is the part of the oculomotor complex that is the source of the parasympathetic preganglionic motoneuron input to the ciliary ganglion (CG), through which it controls pupil constriction and lens accommodation. On the other hand, EW is applied to a population of centrally projecting neurons involved in sympathetic, consumptive, and stress‐related functions. This terminology problem arose because the name EW has historically been applied to the most prominent cell collection above or between the somatic oculomotor nuclei (III), an assumption based on the known location of the preganglionic motoneurons in monkeys. However, in many mammals, the nucleus designated as EW is not made up of cholinergic, preganglionic motoneurons supplying the CG and instead contains neurons using peptides, such as urocortin 1, with diverse central projections. As a result, the literature has become increasingly confusing. To resolve this problem, we suggest that the term EW be supplemented with terminology based on connectivity. Specifically, we recommend that 1) the cholinergic, preganglionic neurons supplying the CG be termed the Edinger‐Westphal preganglionic (EWpg) population and 2) the centrally projecting, peptidergic neurons be termed the Edinger‐Westphal centrally projecting (EWcp) population. The history of this nomenclature problem and the rationale for our solutions are discussed in this review. J. Comp. Neurol. 519:1413–1434, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Journal of Comparative Neurology

Tập 519 Số 8

1413-1434

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