The Clavien-Dindo Classification of Surgical Complications

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Pillai, 1999, Complexity-and risk-adjusted model for measuring surgical outcome., Br J Surg, 86, 1567, 10.1046/j.1365-2168.1999.01286.x

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Ribero, 2007, Portal vein embolization before major hepatectomy and its effects on regeneration, resectability and outcome., Br J Surg, 94, 1386, 10.1002/bjs.5836

Reddy, 2008, Addition of bevacizumab to irinotecan-and oxaliplatin-based preoperative chemotherapy regimens does not increase morbidity after resection of colorectal liver metastases., J Am Coll Surg, 206, 96, 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2007.06.290

Reddy, 2007, Simultaneous resections of colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases: a multi-institutional analysis., Ann Surg Oncol, 14, 3481, 10.1245/s10434-007-9522-5

de Santibanes, 2008, Liver transplantation: the last measure in the treatment of bile duct injuries., World J Surg, 32, 1714, 10.1007/s00268-008-9650-5

Seda-Neto, 2008, Left lateral segmentectomy for pediatric live-donor liver transplantation: special attention to segment IV complications., Transplantation, 86, 697, 10.1097/TP.0b013e318183ed22

Sundaram, 2007, Complications after a 5-year experience with laparoscopic donor nephrectomy: the Indiana University experience., Surg Endosc, 21, 724, 10.1007/s00464-006-9176-6

McKay, 2008, Morbidity and mortality following multivisceral resections in complex hepatic and pancreatic surgery., J Gastrointest Surg, 12, 86, 10.1007/s11605-007-0273-1

Tamura, 2006, Systematic grading of surgical complications in live liver donors according to Clavien's system., Transpl Int, 19, 982, 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2006.00375.x

Pessaux, 2007, Randomized clinical trial evaluating the need for routine nasogastric decompression after elective hepatic resection., Br J Surg, 94, 297, 10.1002/bjs.5728

Permpongkosol, 2007, Complications of 2775 urological laparoscopic procedures: 1993 to 2005., J Urol, 177, 580, 10.1016/j.juro.2006.09.031

Patel, 2008, Minimizing morbidity of organ donation: analysis of factors for perioperative complications after living-donor nephrectomy in the United States., Transplantation, 85, 561, 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181643ce8

Reddy, 2008, Pancreatic resection of isolated metastases from nonpancreatic primary cancers., Ann Surg Oncol, 15, 3199, 10.1245/s10434-008-0140-7

Haynes, 2009, A surgical safety checklist to reduce morbidity and mortality in a global population., N Engl J Med, 360, 491, 10.1056/NEJMsa0810119

Barr, 2006, A report of the Vancouver Forum on the care of the live organ donor: lung, liver, pancreas, and intestine data and medical guidelines., Transplantation, 81, 1373, 10.1097/01.tp.0000216825.56841.cd

Fan, 2006, Live donor liver transplantation in adults., Transplantation, 82, 723, 10.1097/01.tp.0000235171.17287.f2

Sugawara, 2007, Systematic grading of surgical complications in live liver donors., Liver Transpl, 13, 781, 10.1002/lt.21064

Tamura, 2008, Donor evaluation and hepatectomy for living-donor liver transplantation., J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg, 15, 79, 10.1007/s00534-007-1294-6

Skolarikos, 2008, Prevention and treatment of complications following percutaneous nephrolithotomy., Curr Opin Urol, 18, 229, 10.1097/MOU.0b013e3282f46afc

Breitenstein, 2007, Emergency left colon resection for acute perforation: primary anastomosis or Hartmann's procedure? A case-matched control study., World J Surg, 31, 2117, 10.1007/s00268-007-9199-8

Leandros, 2006, Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery with a Pfannenstiel incision in beta-thalassemia patients: initial experience., World J Surg, 30, 1216, 10.1007/s00268-005-0542-7

Hubner, 2007, A prospective randomized comparison of two instruments for dissection and vessel sealing in laparoscopic colorectal surgery., Surg Endosc, 21, 592, 10.1007/s00464-006-9034-6

Scholz, 2007, Long-term follow-up after combined fissurectomy and botox injection for chronic anal fissures., Int J Colorectal Dis, 22, 1077, 10.1007/s00384-006-0261-z

Kyoden, 2008, Biliary complications in right lateral sector graft live donor liver transplantation., Transpl Int, 21, 332, 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2007.00613.x

Bingener, 2007, Long-term outcomes in laparoscopic vs. open ventral hernia repair., Arch Surg, 142, 562, 10.1001/archsurg.142.6.562

Arru, 2007, A prospective evaluation of ultrasonic dissector plus harmonic scalpel in liver resection., Am Surg, 73, 256, 10.1177/000313480707300312

Zorzi, 2008, Chemotherapy with bevacizumab does not affect liver regeneration after portal vein embolization in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases., Ann Surg Oncol, 15, 2765, 10.1245/s10434-008-0035-7

Wicherts, 2008, Long-term results of two-stage hepatectomy for irresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases., Ann Surg, 248, 994, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181907fd9

Ko, 2008, Utility of the endovascular stapler for right-sided laparoscopic donor nephrectomy: a 7-year experience at Mayo Clinic., J Am Coll Surg, 207, 896, 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.07.013

Heinrich, 2008, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy generates a significant tumor response in resectable pancreatic cancer without increasing morbidity: results of a prospective phase II trial., Ann Surg, 248, 1014, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e318190a6da

de Rougemont, 2009, Abdominal drains in liver transplantation: useful tool or useless dogma? A matched case-control study., Liver Transpl, 15, 96, 10.1002/lt.21676

Constantinides, 2009, Short- and long-term complications of open radical prostatectomy according to the Clavien classification system., BJU Int, 103, 336, 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2008.08080.x

Yoon, 2009, Laparoscopic treatment for intrahepatic duct stones in the era of laparoscopy: laparoscopic intrahepatic duct exploration and laparoscopic hepatectomy., Ann Surg, 249, 286, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31818eea56

Shen, 2008, Peritoneal surface disease from colorectal cancer: comparison with the hepatic metastases surgical paradigm in optimally resected patients., Ann Surg Oncol, 15, 3422, 10.1245/s10434-008-0127-4

de la Rosette, 2008, Prognostic factors and percutaneous nephrolithotomy morbidity: a multivariate analysis of a contemporary series using the Clavien classification., J Urol, 180, 2489, 10.1016/j.juro.2008.08.025

Muller, 2009, Impact of clinical pathways in surgery., Langenbecks Arch Surg, 394, 31, 10.1007/s00423-008-0352-0

Fuks, 2009, Results of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a prospective study in 135 patients with morbid obesity., Surgery, 145, 106, 10.1016/j.surg.2008.07.013

Bonvalot, 2009, Primary retroperitoneal sarcomas: a multivariate analysis of surgical factors associated with local control., J Clin Oncol, 27, 31, 10.1200/JCO.2008.18.0802

Gumbs, 2008, Laparoscopic vs. open resection of noninvasive intraductal pancreatic mucinous neoplasms., J Gastrointest Surg, 12, 707, 10.1007/s11605-007-0311-z

Gumbs, 2008, Laparoscopic vs. open resection of pancreatic endocrine neoplasms: single institution's experience over 14 years., Langenbecks Arch Surg, 393, 391, 10.1007/s00423-007-0255-5

Beck-Schimmer, 2008, A randomized controlled trial on pharmacological preconditioning in liver surgery using a volatile anesthetic., Ann Surg, 248, 909, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31818f3dda

Erekson, 2008, Pay for performance: what the urogynecologist should know., Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct, 19, 1039, 10.1007/s00192-008-0627-6

Chan, 2008, Historical perspective of living donor liver transplantation., World J Gastroenterol, 14, 15, 10.3748/wjg.14.15

Yi, 2007, Three-quarters of right liver donors experienced postoperative complications., Liver Transpl, 13, 797, 10.1002/lt.21030

Lermite, 2008, Effect of preoperative endoscopic biliary drainage on infectious morbidity after pancreatoduodenectomy: a case-control study., Am J Surg, 195, 442, 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2007.03.016

Patel, 2007, Living-donor liver transplantation in the United States: identifying donors at risk for perioperative complications., Am J Transplant, 7, 2344, 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01938.x

Bucher, 2007, Results of conservative treatment for perforated gastroduodenal ulcers in patients not eligible for surgical repair., Swiss Med Wkly, 137, 337

Lucidi, 2007, Use of marginal donors for liver transplantation: a single-center experience within the Eurotransplant patient-driven allocation system., Transplant Proc, 39, 2668, 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.08.004

Pratt, 2008, POSSUM accurately predicts morbidity for pancreatic resection., Surgery, 143, 8, 10.1016/j.surg.2007.07.035

Feldman, 2008, Refining the selection criteria for laparoscopic versus open splenectomy for splenomegaly., J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A, 18, 13, 10.1089/lap.2007.0050

Lermite, 2007, Risk factors of pancreatic fistula and delayed gastric emptying after pancreaticoduodenectomy with pancreaticogastrostomy., J Am Coll Surg, 204, 588, 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2007.01.018

Stolzenburg, 2006, Categorisation of complications of endoscopic extraperitoneal and laparoscopic transperitoneal radical prostatectomy., World J Urol, 24, 88, 10.1007/s00345-005-0036-0

Tan, 2006, Proposed live donor nephrectomy complication classification scheme., Transplantation, 81, 1221, 10.1097/01.tp.0000202730.42368.fa

Kocak, 2006, Proposed classification of complications after live donor nephrectomy., Urology, 67, 927, 10.1016/j.urology.2005.11.023

Goeman, 2006, Long-term functional and oncological results after retroperitoneal laparoscopic prostatectomy according to a prospective evaluation of 550 patients., World J Urol, 24, 281, 10.1007/s00345-006-0054-6

Teber, 2006, Retroperitoneoscopy: a Versatile Access for Many Urologic Indications., Eur Urol Suppl, 5, 975, 10.1016/j.eursup.2006.07.012

Chan, 2007, Toward current standards of donor right hepatectomy for adult-to-adult live donor liver transplantation through the experience of 200 cases., Ann Surg, 245, 110, 10.1097/01.sla.0000225085.82193.08

Vanounou, 2007, Deviation-based cost modeling: a novel model to evaluate the clinical and economic impact of clinical pathways., J Am Coll Surg, 204, 570, 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2007.01.025

Vanounou, 2007, Selective administration of prophylactic octreotide during pancreaticoduodenectomy: a clinical and cost-benefit analysis in low- and high-risk glands., J Am Coll Surg, 205, 546, 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2007.05.011

Vollmer, 2007, Quality assessment in high-acuity surgery: volume and mortality are not enough., Arch Surg, 142, 371, 10.1001/archsurg.142.4.371

Bergman, 2007, Laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy: the pediatric recipient in a dual-site program., Pediatr Transplant, 11, 429, 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2006.00664.x

Khalaf, 2007, Donor outcome after living liver donation: a single-center experience., Transplant Proc, 39, 829, 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.03.003

Yi, 2007, An artificial vascular graft is a useful interpositional material for drainage of the right anterior section in living donor liver transplantation., Liver Transpl, 13, 1159, 10.1002/lt.21213

Tefekli, 2008, Classification of percutaneous nephrolithotomy complications using the modified Clavien grading system: looking for a standard., Eur Urol, 53, 184, 10.1016/j.eururo.2007.06.049

Bagry, 2008, Effect of a continuous peripheral nerve block on the inflammatory response in knee arthroplasty., Reg Anesth Pain Med, 33, 17, 10.1097/00115550-200801000-00004

Zavorsky, 2008, Alveolar-membrane diffusing capacity improves in the morbidly obese after bariatric surgery., Obes Surg, 18, 256, 10.1007/s11695-007-9294-9

Bergman, 2008, “First, do no harm”: monitoring outcomes during the transition from open to laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy in a Canadian centre., Can J Surg, 51, 103

Regenbogen, 2008, Does the Surgical Apgar Score measure intraoperative performance?, Ann Surg, 248, 320, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e318181c6b1

Yi, 2008, The right small-for-size graft results in better outcomes than the left small-for-size graft in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation., World J Surg, 32, 1722, 10.1007/s00268-008-9641-6

Ishizaki, 2008, Hepatectomy using traditional Pean clamp-crushing technique under intermittent Pringle maneuver., Am J Surg, 196, 353, 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2007.09.046

Ghobrial, 2008, Donor morbidity after living donation for liver transplantation., Gastroenterology, 135, 468, 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.04.018

Bellavance, 2008, Surgical management of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: resection or transplantation?, J Gastrointest Surg, 12, 1699, 10.1007/s11605-008-0652-2

Kondo, 2008, Hepatic resection is justified for elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma., World J Surg, 32, 2223, 10.1007/s00268-008-9688-4

Medina-Franco, 2008, Predictors of adverse surgical outcome in the management of malignant bowel obstruction., Rev Invest Clin, 60, 212

Matsui, 2008, Living donor liver transplantation for fulminant hepatic failure., Hepatol Res, 38, 987, 10.1111/j.1872-034X.2008.00372.x

Goh, 2008, Critical appraisal of 232 consecutive distal pancreatectomies with emphasis on risk factors, outcome, and management of the postoperative pancreatic fistula: a 21-year experience at a single institution., Arch Surg, 143, 956, 10.1001/archsurg.143.10.956

de Haas, 2008, R1 resection by necessity for colorectal liver metastases: is it still a contraindication to surgery?, Ann Surg, 248, 626, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31818a07f1

Friedman, 2006, Fatal and nonfatal hemorrhagic complications of living kidney donation., Ann Surg, 243, 126, 10.1097/01.sla.0000193841.43474.ec

Porpiglia, 2006, Transperitoneal versus extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: experience of a single center., Urology, 68, 376, 10.1016/j.urology.2006.02.039

Albo, 2007, Burch colposuspension versus fascial sling to reduce urinary stress incontinence., N Engl J Med, 356, 2143, 10.1056/NEJMoa070416

Laurent, 2007, Laparoscopic approach in surgical treatment of rectal cancer., Br J Surg, 94, 1555, 10.1002/bjs.5884

Laurent, 2008, Long-term wound advantages of the laparoscopic approach in rectal cancer., Br J Surg, 95, 903, 10.1002/bjs.6134

Zullo, 2008, Anterior colporrhaphy plus inside-out tension-free vaginal tape for associated stress urinary incontinence and cystocele., J Minim Invasive Gynecol, 15, 446, 10.1016/j.jmig.2008.03.014

Alperin, 2008, Perioperative outcomes of the Prolift(R) pelvic floor repair systems following introduction to a urogynecology teaching service., Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct, 19, 1617, 10.1007/s00192-008-0704-x

Lelong, 2007, Short-term outcome after laparoscopic or open restorative mesorectal excision for rectal cancer: a comparative cohort study., Dis Colon Rectum, 50, 176, 10.1007/s10350-006-0751-7

Strasberg, 2007, Proposal for definition and severity grading of pancreatic anastomosis failure and pancreatic occlusion failure., Surgery, 141, 420, 10.1016/j.surg.2006.12.001

Rozet, 2007, A direct comparison of robotic assisted versus pure laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: a single institution experience., J Urol, 178, 478, 10.1016/j.juro.2007.03.111

Strasberg, 2007, Radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy procedure for adenocarcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas: ability to obtain negative tangential margins., J Am Coll Surg, 204, 244, 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2006.11.002

Nadalin, 2007, Current trends in live liver donation., Transpl Int, 20, 312, 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2006.00424.x

Belli, 2007, Laparoscopic versus open liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with histologically proven cirrhosis: short- and middle-term results., Surg Endosc, 21, 2004, 10.1007/s00464-007-9503-6

Elias, 2008, Results of systematic second-look surgery in patients at high risk of developing colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis., Ann Surg, 247, 445, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31815f0113

Mohebati, 2008, Extended left-sided pancreatectomy with spleen preservation., J Surg Oncol, 97, 150, 10.1002/jso.20940

Murakami, 2008, No mortality after 150 consecutive pancreatoduodenctomies with duct-to-mucosa pancreaticogastrostomy., J Surg Oncol, 97, 205, 10.1002/jso.20903

Elias, 2008, Peritoneal pseudomyxoma: results of a systematic policy of complete cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy., Br J Surg, 95, 1164, 10.1002/bjs.6235

Aldrighetti, 2008, A prospective evaluation of laparoscopic versus open left lateral hepatic sectionectomy., J Gastrointest Surg, 12, 457, 10.1007/s11605-007-0244-6

Muscari, 2006, Risk factors for mortality and intra-abdominal complications after pancreatoduodenectomy: multivariate analysis in 300 patients., Surgery, 139, 591, 10.1016/j.surg.2005.08.012

Veen, 2005, Classifying surgical complications: a critical appraisal., Arch Surg, 140, 1078, 10.1001/archsurg.140.11.1078

Bargman, 2006, Randomized trial of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy with and without hand assistance., J Endourol, 20, 717, 10.1089/end.2006.20.717

Noblett, 2006, Randomized clinical trial assessing the effect of Doppler-optimized fluid management on outcome after elective colorectal resection., Br J Surg, 93, 1069, 10.1002/bjs.5454

Hwang, 2006, Lessons learned from 1000 living donor liver transplantations in a single center: how to make living donations safe., Liver Transpl, 12, 920, 10.1002/lt.20734

Martin, 2002, Quality of complication reporting in the surgical literature., Ann Surg, 235, 803, 10.1097/00000658-200206000-00007

Guo, 2007, Laparoscopic assisted colectomy: experience from a rural centre., ANZ J Surg, 77, 283, 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2007.04034.x

Wolff, 2007, Postoperative ileus-related morbidity profile in patients treated with alvimopan after bowel resection., J Am Coll Surg, 204, 609, 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2007.01.041

Donat, 2007, Standards for surgical complication reporting in urologic oncology: time for a change., Urology, 69, 221, 10.1016/j.urology.2006.09.056

de Reuver, 2007, Referral pattern and timing of repair are risk factors for complications after reconstructive surgery for bile duct injury., Ann Surg, 245, 763, 10.1097/01.sla.0000252442.91839.44

McKay, 2007, Vascular reconstruction with the superficial femoral vein following major oncologic resection., J Surg Oncol, 96, 151, 10.1002/jso.20788

Nakano, 2008, Sinusoidal injury increases morbidity after major hepatectomy in patients with colorectal liver metastases receiving preoperative chemotherapy., Ann Surg, 247, 118, 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31815774de

Schiesser, 2008, Perioperative morbidity affects long-term survival in patients following liver resection for colorectal metastases., J Gastrointest Surg, 12, 1054, 10.1007/s11605-007-0438-y

McCormack, 2007, Hepatic steatosis is a risk factor for postoperative complications after major hepatectomy: a matched case-control study., Ann Surg, 245, 923, 10.1097/01.sla.0000251747.80025.b7

Hubner, 2008, Prospective randomized study of monopolar scissors, bipolar vessel sealer and ultrasonic shears in laparoscopic colorectal surgery., Br J Surg, 95, 1098, 10.1002/bjs.6321

Muller, 2009, A fast-track program reduces complications and length of hospital stay after open colonic surgery., Gastroenterology, 136, 842, 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.10.030

Birkmeyer, 2003, Surgeon volume and operative mortality in the United States., N Engl J Med, 349, 2117, 10.1056/NEJMsa035205

Birkmeyer, 2002, Hospital volume and surgical mortality in the United States., N Engl J Med, 346, 1128, 10.1056/NEJMsa012337

Bassi, 2005, Postoperative pancreatic fistula: an international study group (ISGPF) definition., Surgery, 138, 8, 10.1016/j.surg.2005.05.001

Wente, 2007, Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) after pancreatic surgery: a suggested definition by the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS)., Surgery, 142, 761, 10.1016/j.surg.2007.05.005

Wente, 2007, Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH): an International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) definition., Surgery, 142, 20, 10.1016/j.surg.2007.02.001

Antonacci, 2008, A morbidity and mortality conference-based classification system for adverse events: surgical outcome analysis: part I., J Surg Res, 147, 172, 10.1016/j.jss.2008.02.054

Clavien, 1994, Definition and classification of negative outcomes in solid organ transplantation: application in liver transplantation., Ann Surg, 220, 109, 10.1097/00000658-199408000-00002

Tamura, 2008, Systematic grading of morbidity after living donation for liver transplantation., Gastroenterology, 135, 1804, 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.09.050

D'Angelica, 2007, Lack of evidence for increased operative morbidity after hepatectomy with perioperative use of bevacizumab: a matched case-control study., Ann Surg Oncol, 14, 759, 10.1245/s10434-006-9074-0

DeMatteo, 2007, Results of tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy followed by surgical resection for metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor., Ann Surg, 245, 347, 10.1097/01.sla.0000236630.93587.59