The Circumpolar Arctic vegetation map

Journal of Vegetation Science - Tập 16 Số 3 - Trang 267-282 - 2005
Donald A. Walker1, Martha K. Raynolds1, Fred J.A. Daniëls2,3, Eyþór Einarsson2,4, Arve Elvebakk2,5, William A. Gould2,6, A. E. Katenin7,2, S. S. Kholod7,2, Carl J. Markon8,2,9, E. S. Melnikov8,2,9, Natalia G. Moskalenko8,2,9, Stephen S. Talbot2,10, Boris A. Yurtsev7,2, The other members of the CAVM Team
1Alaska Geobotany Center, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 311 Irving, P.O. Box 757000 Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
2e-mail: [email protected]
3Institute für Botanik und Botanischer Garten, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Schloßgarten 3, D-48149 Münster, Germany
4Icelandic Museum of Natural History P.O. Box 5320, Reykjavik, Iceland
5Institute of Biology and Geology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
6International Institute for Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service 1201 Calle Ceiba, San Juan, Puerto Rico, PR 00927-1119, USA
7Department of Far North Vegetation, Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Prof. Popov str. 2, 197376 St. Petersburg Russia
88 Earth Cryosphere Institute SB RAS Vavilov str. 30/6, r. 85, Moscow 119991, Russia
9USGS Alaska Geographic Science Office 4230 University Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508-4664 USA
10US Fish and Wildlife Service, 1011 East Tudor Road, Anchorage, AK 99503, USA

Tóm tắt

Abstract. Question: What are the major vegetation units in the Arctic, what is their composition, and how are they distributed among major bioclimate subzones and countries?Location: The Arctic tundra region, north of the tree line.Methods: A photo‐interpretive approach was used to delineate the vegetation onto an Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) base image. Mapping experts within nine Arctic regions prepared draft maps using geographic information technology (ArcInfo) of their portion of the Arctic, and these were later synthesized to make the final map. Area analysis of the map was done according to bioclimate subzones, and country. The integrated mapping procedures resulted in other maps of vegetation, topography, soils, landscapes, lake cover, substrate pH, and above‐ground biomass.Results: The final map was published at 1:7 500 000 scale map. Within the Arctic (total area = 7.11 × 106 km2), about 5.05 × 106 km2 is vegetated. The remainder is ice covered. The map legend generally portrays the zonal vegetation within each map polygon. About 26% of the vegetated area is erect shrublands, 18% peaty graminoid tundras, 13% mountain complexes, 12% barrens, 11% mineral graminoid tundras, 11% prostrate‐shrub tundras, and 7% wetlands. Canada has by far the most terrain in the High Arctic mostly associated with abundant barren types and prostrate dwarf‐shrub tundra, whereas Russia has the largest area in the Low Arctic, predominantly low‐shrub tundra.Conclusions: The CAVM is the first vegetation map of an entire global biome at a comparable resolution. The consistent treatment of the vegetation across the circumpolar Arctic, abundant ancillary material, and digital database should promote the application to numerous land‐use, and climate‐change applications and will make updating the map relatively easy.

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Journal of Vegetation Science

Tập 16 Số 3

267-282

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