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Thang đo Racism, Acceptance, và Cultural-Ethnocentrism của Úc (RACES): phát hiện từ lý thuyết phản hồi mục tiêu
Tóm tắt
Phân biệt chủng tộc và những dạng phân biệt liên quan là những thách thức phổ biến và dai dẳng với nhiều tác động tiêu cực tích lũy góp phần vào sự bất bình đẳng trong các kết quả sức khỏe khác nhau. Trên toàn cầu, nghiên cứu trong thập kỷ qua đã chỉ ra mối liên hệ nhất quán giữa phân biệt chủng tộc và những lo ngại về sức khỏe tiêu cực. Những nghiên cứu này xác nhận rằng chủng tộc vẫn là một trong những yếu tố dự đoán mạnh mẽ nhất của sức khỏe kém. Do thiếu các biện pháp được xác thực tại Úc về thái độ phân biệt chủng tộc, thang đo RACES (Thang đo Racism, Acceptance, và Cultural-Ethnocentrism) đã được phát triển. Ở đây, chúng tôi khảo sát các thuộc tính tâm lý của RACES, bao gồm cấu trúc tiềm ẩn, sử dụng Lý thuyết Phản hồi Mục tiêu (IRT). Phân tích mô hình Thang đo Đánh giá Đơn chiều và Đa chiều (RSM) Rasch đã được sử dụng với 296 học sinh tiểu học ở Victoria và 182 thanh thiếu niên cùng 220 người lớn từ cộng đồng Úc. RACES được chứng minh là một thang đo ba chiều gồm 24 mục với các thái độ chấp nhận (12 mục), thái độ phân biệt chủng tộc (8 mục) và thái độ dân tộc trung tâm (4 mục). Các phân tích RSM Rasch cung cấp sự hỗ trợ mạnh mẽ cho công cụ này như một biện pháp vững chắc về thái độ phân biệt chủng tộc trong bối cảnh Úc, cũng như cho tính hợp lệ yếu tố và cấu trúc tổng thể của RACES qua các trẻ em tiểu học, thanh thiếu niên, và người lớn. RACES cung cấp một biện pháp đáng tin cậy và hợp lệ có thể được sử dụng trong suốt cuộc đời để đánh giá thái độ đối với tất cả các nhóm sắc tộc, dân tộc, văn hóa, và tôn giáo. Chức năng cốt lõi của RACES là đánh giá hiệu quả của các can thiệp nhằm giảm mức độ phân biệt chủng tộc trong cộng đồng và từ đó giảm thiểu bất bình đẳng trong các kết quả sức khỏe tại Úc.
Từ khóa
#Phân biệt chủng tộc #thái độ phân biệt chủng tộc #thang đo RACES #tâm lý học #sức khỏe cộng đồng #bất bình đẳng sức khỏeTài liệu tham khảo
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