Thallium exposure at low concentration leads to early damage on multiple organs in children: A case study followed-up for four years

Achenbach, 1980, Quantitative measurement of time-dependent thallium distribution in organs of mice by field desorption mass spectrometry, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 6, 519, 10.1080/15287398009529870 Aguilar-Carrillo, 2018, Solid-phase distribution and mobility of thallium in mining-metallurgical residues: environmental hazard implications, Environ. Pollut., 243, 1833, 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.014 Al Hammouri, 2011, Acute thallium poisoning: series of ten cases, J. Med. Toxicol., 7, 306, 10.1007/s13181-011-0165-3 Apostoli, 1988, Urinary thallium: critical problems, reference values and preliminary results of an investigation in workers with suspected industrial exposure, Sci. Total Environ., 71, 513, 10.1016/0048-9697(88)90226-4 Barnes, 1984, Neurological deficit more than thirty years after chronic thallium intoxication, Lancet, 1, 562, 10.1016/S0140-6736(84)90954-1 Brockhaus, 1981, Intake and health effects of thallium among a population living in the vicinity of a cement plant emitting thallium containing dust, Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health, 48, 375, 10.1007/BF00378686 Casiot, 2011, Predominance of aqueous Tl(I) species in the river system downstream from the abandoned Carnoules mine (Southern France), Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 2056, 10.1021/es102064r Curkovic, 2013, Detection of thallium and uranium in well water and biological specimens of an eastern Croatian population, Arh. Hig. Rada. Toksikol., 64, 385, 10.2478/10004-1254-64-2013-2300 Dai, 2019, Effect of thallium exposure and its interaction with smoking on lung function decline: a prospective cohort study, Environ. Int., 127, 181, 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.034 Das, 2006, Determination of thallium in biological samples, Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 385, 665, 10.1007/s00216-006-0411-8 Dolgner, 1983, Repeated surveillance of exposure to thallium in a population living in the vicinity of a cement plant emitting dust containing thallium, Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health, 52, 79, 10.1007/BF00380610 Gao, 2005, Thallium-the poisonous element for human, Studies Trace Elem Health, 22, 59 GBZ 226, 2010, vol. 2010, 4 Heitland, 2006, Biomonitoring of 30 trace elements in urine of children and adults by ICP-MS, Clin. Chim. Acta, 365, 310, 10.1016/j.cca.2005.09.013 Hologgitas, 1980, Thallium elimination kinetics in acute thallotoxicosis, J. Anal. Toxicol., 4, 68, 10.1093/jat/4.2.68 IPCS (International Programme on Chemical Safety), 1996, vol. 182, 147 Jiang, 2018, Predictors of thallium exposure and its relation with preterm birth, Environ. Pollut., 233, 971, 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.080 Karbowska, 2016, Presence of thallium in the environment: sources of contaminations, distribution and monitoring methods, Environ. Monit. Assess., 188, 640, 10.1007/s10661-016-5647-y Karbowska, 2014, Translocation and mobility of thallium from zinc-lead ores, J. Geochem. Explor., 143, 127e135, 10.1016/j.gexplo.2014.03.026 Kazantzis, 2000, Thallium in the environment and health effects, Environ. Geochem. Health, 22, 275e280, 10.1023/A:1006791514080 Kemnic, 2019 Li, 2015, Human fatality due to thallium poisoning: autopsy, microscopy, and mass spectrometry assays, J. Forensic Sci., 60, 247, 10.1111/1556-4029.12623 Li, 2012, Medical geology of arsenic, selenium and thallium in China, Sci. Total Environ., 421–422, 31, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.02.040 Liu, 2019, Thallium pollution in China and removal technologies for waters: a review, Environ. Int., 126, 771, 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.076 Liu, 2017, Thallium contamination in arable soils and vegetables around a steel plant-A newly-found significant source of Tl pollution in South China, Environ. Pollut., 224, 445, 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.02.025 Liu, 2018, Emerging thallium pollution in China and source tracing by thallium isotopes, Environ. Sci. Technol., 52, 11977, 10.1021/acs.est.8b05282 Lopez-Arce, 2017, Chemistry and phase evolution during roasting of toxic thallium-bearing pyrite, Chemosphere, 181, 447, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.109 Menke, 2016, Metals in urine and diabetes in U.S. Adults, Diabetes, 65, 164, 10.2337/db15-0316 Moore, 1993, Thallium poisoning. Diagnosis may be elusive but alopecia is the clue, Br. Med. J., 306, 1527, 10.1136/bmj.306.6891.1527 Nisse, 2017, Blood and Urinary Levels of Metals and Metalloids in the General Adult Population of Northern France: the IMEPOGE Study, 2008-2010, Int J Hyg Environ Health, vol. 220, 341, 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.09.020 Pasala, 2017, How to use… serum creatinine, cystatin C and GFR, Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed, 102, 37, 10.1136/archdischild-2016-311062 Pelclova, 2009, Two-year follow-up of two patients after severe thallium intoxication, Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 28, 263, 10.1177/0960327109106487 Peter, 2005, Thallium: a review of public health and environmental concerns, Environ. Int., 31, 493, 10.1016/j.envint.2004.09.003 Reed, 1963, Thallotoxicosis. Acute manifestations and sequelae, JAMA, 183, 516, 10.1001/jama.1963.03700070044007 Sbarouni, 2011, Ischemia modified albumin changes - review and clinical implications, Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 49, 177, 10.1515/CCLM.2011.037 Schaller, 1980, Investigations of thallium-exposed workers in cement factories, Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health, 47, 223, 10.1007/BF00381680 Schoeters, 2017, Three cycles of human biomonitoring in flanders - time trends observed in the flemish environment and health study, Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health, 220, 36, 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.11.006 Shao, 2017, Association between level of urinary trace heavy metals and obesity among children aged 6-19 years: NHANES 1999-2011, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 24, 11573, 10.1007/s11356-017-8803-1 Shelley, 2012, Associations of multiple metals with kidney outcomes in lead workers, Occup. Environ. Med., 69, 727, 10.1136/oemed-2012-100765 Staff, 2014, Comparison of urinary thallium levels in non-occupationally exposed people and workers, Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health, 87, 275, 10.1007/s00420-013-0859-8 Tsai, 2006, Central nervous system effects in acute thallium poisoning, Neurotoxicology (Little Rock), 27, 291, 10.1016/j.neuro.2005.10.009 Voegelin, 2015, Thallium speciation and extractability in a thallium- and arsenic-rich soil developed from mineralized carbonate rock, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 5390, 10.1021/acs.est.5b00629 Wang, 2018, Associations of cumulative exposure to heavy metal mixtures with obesity and its comorbidities among U.S. adults in NHANES 2003-2014, Environ. Int., 121, 683, 10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.035 Wu, 2018, Association of co-exposure to heavy metals with renal function in a hypertensive population, Environ. Int., 112, 198, 10.1016/j.envint.2017.12.023 Xia, 2016, A case-control study of prenatal thallium exposure and low birth weight in China, Environ. Health Perspect., 124, 164, 10.1289/ehp.1409202 Xiao, 2004, Environmental concerns related to high thallium levels in soils and thallium uptake by plants in southwest Guizhou, China, Sci. Total Environ., 318, 223, 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00448-0 Xiao, 2004, Naturally occurring thallium: a hidden geoenvironmental health hazard?, Environ. Int., 30, 501, 10.1016/j.envint.2003.10.004 Yorita Christensen, 2013, Metals in blood and urine, and thyroid function among adults in the United States 2007-2008, Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health, 216, 624, 10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.08.005 Yu, 2018, Thallium in flowering cabbage and lettuce: potential health risks for local residents of the Pearl River Delta, South China, Environ. Pollut., 241, 626, 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.090 Yumoto, 2017, A successfully treated case of criminal thallium poisoning, J. Clin. Diagn. Res., 11, OD01 Zhu, 2019, Association between serum thallium in early pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: the Ma’anshan birth cohort study, J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol., 52, 151, 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.12.011 Zhao, 2017, 260 Ziskoven, 1983, Thallium determinations in fetal tissues and maternal brain and kidney, Toxicol. Lett., 19, 225, 10.1016/0378-4274(83)90123-6