Temperature response to future urbanization and climate change

Argüeso D, Hidalgo-Muñoz JM, Gámiz-Fortis SR et al (2011) Evaluation of WRF parameterizations for climate studies over Southern Spain using a multi-step regionalization. J Clim 24:5633–5651. doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00073.1

Argüeso D, Hidalgo-Muñoz JM, Gámiz-Fortis SR et al (2012a) High-resolution projections of mean and extreme precipitation over Spain using the WRF model (2070–2099 versus 1970–1999). J Geophys Res. doi: 10.1029/2011JD017399

Argüeso D, Hidalgo-Muñoz JM, Gámiz-Fortis SR et al (2012b) Evaluation of WRF Mean and extreme precipitation over spain: present climate (1970–1999). J Clim 25:4883–4897. doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00276.1

Arnfield AJ (2003) Two decades of urban climate research: a review of turbulence, exchanges of energy and water, and the urban heat island. Int J Climatol 23:1–26. doi: 10.1002/joc.859

Bornstein RD, Johnson DS (1977) Urban-rural wind velocity differences. Atmos Environ 11:597–604

Chen F, Kusaka H, Bornstein R et al (2011) The integrated WRF/urban modelling system: development, evaluation, and applications to urban environmental problems. Int J Climatol 31:273–288. doi: 10.1002/joc.2158

Childs PP, Raman S (2005) Observations and numerical simulations of urban heat Island and Sea Breeze circulations over New York City. Pure Appl Geophys 162:1955–1980. doi: 10.1007/s00024-005-2700-0

Chin HNS, Leach MJ, Sugiyama GA et al (2005) Evaluation of an urban canopy parameterization in a mesoscale model using VTMX and URBAN 2000 data. Mon Weather Rev 133:2043–2068

Evans JP, McCabe MF (2010) Regional climate simulation over Australia’s Murray-Darling basin: a multitemporal assessment. J Geophys Res 115:D14114. doi: 10.1029/2010JD013816

Evans JP, McCabe MF (2013) Model resolution impact on regional climate and climate change. Clim Res (accepted)

Evans JP, and Westra S (2012) Investigating the mechanisms of diurnal rainfall variability using a regional climate model. J Clim 25:7232–7247

Georgescu M, Moustaoui M, Mahalov A, Dudhia J (2011) An alternative explanation of the semiarid urban area “oasis effect”. J Geophys Res 116:D24113. doi: 10.1029/2011JD016720

Georgescu M, Mahalov A, Moustaoui M (2012a) Seasonal hydroclimatic impacts of Sun Corridor expansion. Environ Res Lett 7:034026. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034026

Georgescu M, Moustaoui M, Mahalov A, Dudhia J (2012b) Summer-time climate impacts of projected megapolitan expansion in Arizona. Nat Clim change. doi: 10.1038/nclimate1656

Gordon H, O’Farrel S, Collier M, et al (2010) The CSIRO Mk3.5 Climate Model. CAWCR Technical Report No 021 1–74

Grimmond CSB (2006) Progress in measuring and observing the urban atmosphere. Theor Appl Climatol 84:3–22. doi: 10.1007/s00704-005-0140-5

Grimmond CSB, Oke TR (1999) Heat storage in urban areas: local-scale observations and evaluation of a simple model. J Appl Meteorol 38:922–940

Hinkel KM, Nelson FE, Klene AE, Bell JH (2003) The urban heat island in winter at Barrow, Alaska. Int J Climatol 23:1889–1905. doi: 10.1002/joc.971

Howard L (1833) The climate of London deduced from meteorological observations made in the metropolis and at various places around it. Harvey and Darton, London

Janković V, Hebbert M (2012) Hidden climate change—urban meteorology and the scales of real weather. Clim Change 113:23–33. doi: 10.1007/s10584-012-0429-1

Jin M, Dickinson RE, Zhang D (2005) The footprint of urban areas on global climate as characterized by MODIS. J Clim 18:1551–1565. doi: 10.1175/JCLI3334.1

Jones DA, Wang W, Fawcett R (2009) High-quality spatial climate data-sets for Australia. Aus Meteorol Oceanographic J 58:233–248

Jourdain NC, Marchesiello P, Menkes CE et al (2011) Mesoscale simulation of tropical cyclones in the south pacific: climatology and interannual variability. J Clim 24:3–25

Kalnay E, Cai M (2003) Impact of urbanization and land-use change on climate. Nature 423:528–531

Kim Y-H, Baik J–J (2002) Maximum urban heat island intensity in Seoul. J Appl Meteorol 41:651–659

Kusaka H, Kimura F (2004a) Coupling a single-layer urban canopy model with a simple atmospheric model: impact on urban heat island simulation for an idealized case. J Meteorol Soc Jpn 82:67–80

Kusaka H, Kimura F (2004b) Thermal effects of urban canyon structure on the nocturnal heat island: numerical experiment using a mesoscale model coupled with an urban canopy model. J Appl Meteorol 43:1899–1910

Kusaka H, Kondo H, Kikeqawa Y, Kimura F (2001) A simple single-layer urban canopy model for atmospheric models: comparison with multi-layer and slab models. Bound-Layer Meteorol 101:329–358

Kusaka H, Takata T, Takane Y (2010) Reproducibility of regional climate in central Japan using the 4-km Resolution WRF Model. Sola 6:113–116. doi: 10.2151/sola.2010-029

Kusaka H, Chen F, Tewari M et al (2012a) Numerical simulation of urban heat island effect by the WRF Model with 4-km grid increment: an inter-comparison study between the urban canopy model and slab model. J Meteorol Soc Jpn 90B:33–45. doi: 10.2151/jmsj.2012-B03

Kusaka H, Hara M, Takane Y (2012b) Urban climate projection by the WRF model at 3-km horizontal grid increment: dynamical downscaling and predicting heat stress in the 2070’s August for Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya Metropolises. J Meteorol Soc Jpn 90B:47–63. doi: 10.2151/jmsj.2012-B04

Lee DO (1979) The influence of atmospheric stability and the urban heat island on urban-rural wind speed differences. Atmos Environ (1967) 13:1175–1180

Lynn BH, Carlson TN, Rosenzweig C et al (2009) A modification to the NOAH LSM to simulate heat mitigation strategies in the New York City Metropolitan Area. J Appl Met Clim 48:199–216. doi: 10.1175/2008JAMC1774.1

Masson V (2006) Urban surface modeling and the meso-scale impact of cities. Theor Appl Climatol 84:35–45. doi: 10.1007/s00704-005-0142-3

McCarthy MP, Best MJ, Betts RA (2010) Climate change in cities due to global warming and urban effects. Geophys Res Lett 37:L09705. doi: 10.1029/2010GL042845

Memon RA, Leung DYC, Liu C-H (2009) An investigation of urban heat island intensity (UHII) as an indicator of urban heating. Atmos Res 94:491–500. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.07.006

Nakicenovic N, Alcamo J, Davis G et al (2000) IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

Oke TR (1982) The energetic basis of the urban heat island. Q J Roy Meteor Soc 108:1–24

Perkins SE, Pitman AJ, Holbrook NJ, McAneney J (2007) Evaluation of the AR4 climate models’ simulated daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and precipitation over Australia using probability density functions. J Clim 20:4356–4376

Piani C, Haerter J, Coppola E (2010) Statistical bias correction for daily precipitation in regional climate models over Europe. Theor Appl Climatol 99:187–192

Rummukainen M (2010) State-of-the-art with regional climate models. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Clim Change 1:82–96

Skamarock WC, Klemp JB, Dudhia J et al (2009) A description of the advanced research WRF Version 3. NCAR/TN-475 + STR NCAR TECHNICAL NOTE 125

Steinecke K (1999) Urban climatological studies in the Reykjavık subarctic environment, Iceland. Atmos Environ 33:4157–4162

Teutschbein C, Seibert J (2012) Bias correction of regional climate model simulations for hydrological climate-change impact studies: review and evaluation of different methods. J Hydrol 456–457:12–29. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.05.052

Thompson G, Rasmussen RM, Manning KW (2004) Explicit forecasts of winter precipitation using an improved bulk microphysics scheme. Part I: description and sensitivity analysis. Mon Weather Rev 132:519–542

Turner G (2012) Report on methodology to produce Sydney 2 km Contemporary and Future (2030) Land Cover Data. 1–19

United Nations Department of Economics and Social Affairs, Population Division (2012) World Prospects, the 2011 Revision. New York

Wagner S, Berg P, Schädler G, Kunstmann H (2012) High resolution regional climate model simulations for Germany: part II—projected climate changes. Clim Dyn. doi: 10.1007/s00382-012-1510-1

Wilby RL (2008) Constructing climate change scenarios of urban heat island intensity and air quality. Environ Plann B 35:902–919. doi: 10.1068/b33066t

Wong KK, Dirks RA (1978) Mesoscale perturbations on airflow in the urban mixing layer. J Appl Meteorol 17:677–688