Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Phân bố công nghệ và di cư dân số phản ánh trong các công nghệ lưỡi kiếm ở miền Bắc Trung Quốc trong thời kỳ Pleistocen muộn
Tóm tắt
Trong những năm gần đây, nguồn gốc và sự tiến hóa của hành vi con người hiện đại đã trở thành một chủ đề nghiên cứu phổ biến trong khảo cổ học Thời kỳ Đá Cũ. Một phần quan trọng của hành vi con người hiện đại, công nghệ lưỡi kiếm, từng được cho là độc nhất đối với con người hiện đại. Các nghiên cứu gần đây cho thấy sự biến đổi trong công nghệ lưỡi kiếm không hoàn toàn tương ứng với các quần thể hiện đại. Tuy nhiên, sự chuẩn hóa, đa dạng, gián đoạn về mặt phân bố thời gian, và sự khác biệt trong phân bố không gian của công nghệ lưỡi kiếm đã tạo cho nó một vai trò quan trọng trong các cuộc thảo luận về các phương thức thích nghi, sự lan truyền công nghệ và di cư dân số của họ người. Bằng cách phân loại các tập hợp lưỡi kiếm chính ở Trung Quốc, chúng tôi cho thấy có hai phương pháp giảm lưỡi kiếm ở miền Bắc Trung Quốc: phương pháp Levallois và phương pháp hình prismatic. Xuất hiện khoảng 30000–40000 năm trước, phương pháp lưỡi kiếm Levallois và prismatic kết hợp lại đã hình thành nên những đặc điểm của giai đoạn đầu của Thời kỳ Đá Muộn. Các hiện vật mang đặc điểm này được tìm thấy ở miền Tây Bắc Trung Quốc, miền Đông Bắc Trung Quốc và Cao nguyên Thanh Hải-Tây Tạng. Các lưỡi kiếm được khai quật có tổ chức công nghệ tương tự và có mối liên hệ về địa lý với các mẫu vật được phát hiện ở Siberia và Mông Cổ, điều này cũng cho thấy một biên giới rõ ràng so với những mẫu vật được phát hiện ở miền Bắc Trung Quốc. Thực tế này gợi ý về di cư dân số. Khoảng 25000–29000 năm trước, một sự kết hợp giữa lưỡi kiếm prismatic và microblades đã phát triển ở miền trong Trung Quốc; tuy nhiên liệu điều này có thể được coi là đại diện cho di cư dân số hay chỉ là một sự thích nghi công nghệ vẫn chưa được xác định. Chúng tôi đề xuất rằng hệ thống sản xuất các lưỡi kiếm khác nhau nên được phân biệt trong nghiên cứu các tập hợp lưỡi kiếm và rằng các phương pháp lưỡi kiếm khác nhau không nên được tích hợp vào một hệ thống công nghệ duy nhất để thảo luận về sự lan truyền công nghệ và phân tán dân số.
Từ khóa
#Công nghệ lưỡi kiếm #Di cư dân số #Khảo cổ học thời kỳ Đá Cũ #Phương pháp Levallois #Phương pháp hình prismaticTài liệu tham khảo
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