Systemic lupus erythematosus Current state of diagnosis and treatment

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 32 - Trang 158-162 - 2018
Ioana Moldovan1
1Rheumatology Department, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda

Tóm tắt

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune condition with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, characterized by the production of auto-antibodies to components of the cell nucleus. Treatments include various immunosuppressive regimens, and newer biological therapies show promising results.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Petri M. Systemic lupus erythematosus. In: Clinical Primer of Rheumatology (Koopman WJ ed.) Lippincot Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. 2003, pp. 164–170. Uramoto KM, Michet CJJ, Thumboo J, et al. Trends in the incidence and mortality of systemic lupus erythematosus, 1950–1992. Arthritis Rheum 1999;42:46–50. Selmi C, Lleo A, Zuin M, et al. Interferon alpha and its contribution to autoimmunity. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 2006;7:451–456. Petri M, Kim MY, Kalunian KC, et al. Combined oral contraceptives in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med 2005;353(24):2550–2558. Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF, et al. The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1982;25:1271–1277. Hochberg MC. Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1997;40:1725. Buyon J. Systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical and laboratory features. In: Primer on the Rheumatic Diseases (Klippel JH ed.). Arthritis Foundation. Atlanta, 2001, pp. 335–346. The Canadian Hydroxychoroquine Study Group. A randomized study effect of withdrawing hydroxychloroquine sulfate in systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med 1991;324:150–154. Tseng C, Buyon J, Belmont HM, et al. Moderate dose steroids prevent severe flares of serologically active, clinically stable SLE patients. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48:S260. Houssiau FA, Vasconcelos C, D'Cruz D, et al. Immunosuppressive therapy in lupus nephritis. The Euro-Lupus Nephritis Trial, a randomized trial of low-dose versus high-dose intravenous cyclophosphamide. Arthritis Rheum 2002;46:2121–2131. Somers EC, Marder W, Christman GM, Ognenovski V, McCune WJ. Use of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog for protection against premature ovarian failure during cyclophosphamide therapy in women with severe lupus. Arthritis Rheum 2005;52:2761–2767. Ginzler EM, Dooley MA, Aranow C, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil or intravenous cyclophosphamide for lupus nephritis. N Engl J Med 2005;353:2219–2228. Contreras G, Pardo V, Leclercq B, et al. Sequential therapies for proliferative lupus nephritis. N Engl J Med 2004;350:971–980. Looney RJ, Anolik JH, Campbell D, et al. B cell depletion as a novel treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus: a phase I/II dose-escalation trial of rituximab. Arthritis Rheum 2004;50:2580–2589. Leandro MJ, Cambridge G, Edwards JC, Ehrenstein MR, Isenberg DA. B-cell depletion in the treatment of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a longitudinal analysis of 24 patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005;44:1542–1545. Burt RK, Traynor A, Statkute L, et al. Nomyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for systemic lupus erythematosus. JAMA 2006;295:527–535. Petri M, Jones RJ, Brodsky RA. High-dose cyclophosphamide without stem cell transplant in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48:166–173. Shakoor N, Michalska M, Harris CA, Block JA. Drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus associated with etanercept therapy. Lancet 2002;359:579–580. Furie R, Stohl W, Ginzler E, et al. Safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic results of a phase I single and double dose-escalation study of lymphostat B (human monoclonal antibody to BLyS) in SLE patients. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48:S377. Alarcon-Segovia D, Tumlin AJ, Furie R, et al.: LJP 394 for the prevention of renal flare in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48:442–454. Petri M, Mease PJ, Merrill JT, et al. Effects of prasterone on disease activity and symptoms in women with active systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2004;50:2858–2868. Mease PJ, Ginzler EM, Gluck OS, et al. Effects of prasterone on bone mineral density in women with systemic lupus erythematosus receiving chronic glucocorticoid therapy. J Rheumatol 2005;32(4):616–621.