Systematic Errors in Weather and Climate Models: Nature, Origins, and Ways Forward
Ayrton Zadra1, K. D. Williams2, Ariane Frassoni3, M. Rixen4, Ángel F. Adames5, Judith Berner6, F. Bouyssel7, Barbara Casati1, Hannah M. Christensen6, Michael Ek8, Greg Flato9, Yi Huang10, Falko Judt6, Hai Lin1, Eric D. Maloney11, William J. Merryfield9, Annelize van Niekerk2, Thomas Rackow12, Kazuo Saito13, Nils Wedi14, Priyanka Yadav15
1Recherche en Prévision Numérique, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, Quebec, Canada
2Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom
3Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Studies, National Institute for Space Research, Cachoeira Paulista, Brazil
4World Climate Research Programme, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
5National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, and University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado
6National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, Colorado
7Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques, Météo-France, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
8National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Centers for Environmental Prediction/Environmental Modeling Center, College Park, Maryland
9Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
10Monash University, and Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, Australian Research Council, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
11Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
12Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
13Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
14European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom
15Climate Dynamics Program, and Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Earth Sciences, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
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Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Tập 99 Số 4
ES67-ES70
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