Synthesis of remote sensing approaches for forest carbon estimation: reporting to the Kyoto Protocol
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ahern, 1991, A quantitative relationship between forest growth-rates and Thematic Mapper reflectance measurements, Int. J. Remote Sens., 12, 387, 10.1080/01431169108929660
Anderson, J.R., Hardy, E.E., Roach, J.T., Witmer, R.E., 1976. A land use and land cover classification system for use with remote sensor data. Geological survey paper 964, United States Geological Survey, Washington, DC.
Axelsson, 1999, Processing of laser scanner data-algorithms and applications, ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens., 54, 138, 10.1016/S0924-2716(99)00008-8
Balzter, 2001, Forest mapping and monitoring with interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), Prog. Phys. Geogr., 25, 159, 10.1177/030913330102500201
Baulies, 1995, Approach to forestry inventory and mapping by means of multispectral airborne data, Int. J. Remote Sens., 16, 61, 10.1080/01431169508954372
Bayer, 1991, Terrain influences in SAR backscatter and attempts to their correction, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 29, 451, 10.1109/36.79436
Bird, 2000, Mapping national park landscape from ground, air and space, Int. J. Remote Sens., 21, 2719, 10.1080/01431160050110250
Blair, 1999, The laser vegetation imaging sensor: a medium-altitude, digitisation-only, airborne laser altimeter for mapping vegetation and topography, ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens., 54, 115, 10.1016/S0924-2716(99)00002-7
Brandtberg, 2003, Detection and analysis of individual leaf-off tree crowns in small footprint, high sampling density Lidar data from the eastern deciduous forest in North America, Remote Sens. Environ., 85, 290, 10.1016/S0034-4257(03)00008-7
Brockhaus, 1992, A comparison of Spot and Landsat-TM data for use in conducting inventories of forest resources, Int. J. Remote Sens., 13, 3035, 10.1080/01431169208904100
Cannell, 1982
Cannell, 1995, The carbon sink provided by plantation forests and their products in Britain, Forestry, 68, 35, 10.1093/forestry/68.1.35
Cannell, 1995, Carbon pools and sequestration in forest ecosystems in Britain, Forestry, 68, 361, 10.1093/forestry/68.4.361
Cannell, 1999, National inventories of terrestrial carbon sources and sinks: the UK experience, Climatic Change, 42, 505, 10.1023/A:1005425807434
Cloude, 1998, Polarimetric SAR interferometry, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 36, 1551, 10.1109/36.718859
Coleman, 1996, Roth-C-26.3- A model for turnover of carbon in soil, vol. 38, 237
Coops, 1998, Assessing forest productivity in Australia and New Zealand using a physiologically-based model driven with averaged monthly weather data and satellite-derived estimates of canopy photosynthetic capacity, Forest Ecol. Manage., 104, 113, 10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00248-X
Dewar, 1992, Carbon sequestration in the trees, products and soils of forest plantations: an analysis using UK examples, Tree Physiol., 11, 49, 10.1093/treephys/11.1.49
Dobson, 1992, Dependence of radar backscatter on coniferous forest biomass, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 30, 412, 10.1109/36.134090
Dobson, 1995, Land-cover classification and estimation of terrain attributes using synthetic-aperture radar, Remote Sens. Environ., 51, 199, 10.1016/0034-4257(94)00075-X
Dobson, 1995, Estimation of Forest Biophysical Characteristics in Northern Michigan with SIR-C/X-SAR, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 33, 877, 10.1109/36.406674
Edwards, 1981, Yield models for forest management
Falloon, 2002, Comparison of approaches for estimating carbon sequestration at the regional scale, Soil Use Manage., 18, 164, 10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00236.x
Fazakas, 1999, Regional forest biomass and wood volume estimation using satellite data and ancillary data, Agricult. Forest Meteorol., 98–99, 417, 10.1016/S0168-1923(99)00112-4
Flood, M., Gutelius, B., 1997. Commercial implications of topographic terrain mapping using scanning airborne laser radar. Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. 63, 327.
Forest Research, 2001. Woodfuel resource: study into the potentially available woodfuel resource of Great Britain http://www.woodfuelresource.org.uk/, UK.
Forestry Commission, 2002a. Forestry facts and figures 2002: a summary of statistics about woodland and forestry in Great Britain. http://www.forestry.gov.uk/website/pdf.nsf/pdf/fff2002.pdf/$FILE/fff2002.pdf Forestry Commission, Edinburgh, UK.
Forestry Commission, 2002b. Forestry statistics 2002. a compendium of statistics about woodland, forestry and primary wood processing in the United Kingdom. http://www.forestry.gov.uk/website/pdf.nsf/pdf/forestrystatistics2002.pdf/$FILE/forestrystatistics2002.pdf, Forestry Commission, Edinburgh, UK.
Forestry Commission, 2002c. National inventory of woodlands and trees. http://www.forestry.gov.uk/forestry/HCOU-54PG9U Forest Research, Forestry Commission, Edinburgh, UK.
Franklin, 1986, Coniferous forest classification and inventory using Landsat and digital terrain data, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 24, 139, 10.1109/TGRS.1986.289543
Fransson, 1999, Estimation of stem volume in boreal forests using ERS-1 C- and JERS-1 L-band SAR data, Int. J. Remote Sens., 20, 123, 10.1080/014311699213640
Fransson, 2000, Estimation of forest parameters using CARABAS-II VHFSAR data, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 38, 720, 10.1109/36.842001
Fuller, 1994, The land-cover map of Great-Britain—an automated classification of Landsat Thematic Mapper data, Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens., 60, 553
Fuller, 2002, The UK Land Cover Map 2000: construction of a parcel-based vector map from satellite images, Cartogr. J., 39, 15, 10.1179/caj.2002.39.1.15
Fuller, 2003, The characterization and measurement of land cover change through remote sensing: problems in operational applications?, Int. J. Appl. Earth Observ. Geoinform., 4, 243, 10.1016/S0303-2434(03)00004-7
Gaveau, 2003, Quantifying canopy height underestimation by laser pulse penetration in small-footprint airborne laser scanning data, Canad. J. Remote Sens., 29, 650, 10.5589/m03-023
Gholz, 1997
Gobron, 2000, Advanced vegetation indices optimized for up-coming sensors: design, performance and applications, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 38, 2489, 10.1109/36.885197
Guyot, 1989, Factors affecting the spectral response of forest canopies: a review, Geocarto Int., 4, 3, 10.1080/10106048909354217
Hinsley, 2002, Quantifying woodland structure and habitat quality for birds using airborne laser scanning, Funct. Ecol., 16, 851, 10.1046/j.1365-2435.2002.00697.x
Hoekman, 2000, Land cover type and biomass classification using AirSAR data for evaluation of monitoring scenarios in the Colombian Amazon, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 38, 685, 10.1109/36.841998
Holmgren, 1998, Satellite remote sensing for forestry planning—a review, Scand. J. Forest Res., 13, 90, 10.1080/02827589809382966
Huete, 1988, A soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), Remote Sens. Environ., 25, 295, 10.1016/0034-4257(88)90106-X
Hyyppä, 2000, Forest inventory based on laser scanning and aerial photography, Laser Radar Technol. Appl. V, 106, 10.1117/12.397783
Hyyppä, 2001, segmentation-based method to retrieve stem volume estimates from 3-D tree height models produced by laser scanners, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 39, 969, 10.1109/36.921414
Imhoff, 1995, Radar backscatter and biomass saturation—ramifications for global biomass inventory, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 33, 511, 10.1109/36.377953
IPCC, 1997a. IPCC Revised 1996 guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories, vol. 1. Greenhouse Gas Inventory Reporting Instructions, IPCC WGI Technical Support Unit, Hadley Centre, Meteorological Office, Bracknell, UK.
IPCC, 1997b. IPCC Revised 1996 guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories, vol. 2. Greenhouse Gas Inventory Workbook, IPCC WGI Technical Support Unit, Hadley Centre, Meteorological Office, Bracknell, UK.
IPCC, 1997c. IPCC Revised 1996 guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories, vol. 3. Greenhouse Gas Inventory Reference Manual, IPCC WGI Technical Support Unit, Hadley Centre, Meteorological Office, Bracknell, UK.
IPCC, 2003. IPCC Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry, http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gpglulucf/gpglulucf_contents.htm Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Japan.
Jordan, 1969, Derivation of leaf-area index from quality of light on the forest floor, Ecology, 50, 663, 10.2307/1936256
Kasischke, 1997, The use of imaging radars for ecological applications—a review, Remote Sens. Environ., 59, 141, 10.1016/S0034-4257(96)00148-4
Landsberg, 1997, A generalised model of forest productivity using simplified concepts of radiation-use efficiency, carbon balance and partitioning, Forest Ecol. Manage., 95, 209, 10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00026-1
Lee, 2003, Speckle filtering and coherence estimation of polarimetric SAR interferometry data for forest applications, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 41, 2254, 10.1109/TGRS.2003.817196
Lefsky, 1997, LiDAR remote sensing of forest canopy structure and related biochemical parameters at the H.J. Andrews experimental forest, Oregon, USA, 79
Lefsky, 1999, LiDAR remote sensing of the canopy structure and biophysical properties of Douglas-fir western hemlock forests, Remote Sens. Environ., 70, 339, 10.1016/S0034-4257(99)00052-8
Lefsky, 1999, Surface LiDAR remote sensing of basal area and biomass in deciduous forests of eastern Maryland, USA, Remote Sens. Environ., 67, 83, 10.1016/S0034-4257(98)00071-6
Lefsky, 2002, LiDAR remote sensing for ecosystem studies, Bioscience, 52, 19, 10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0019:LRSFES]2.0.CO;2
Levy, 2004, Biomass expansion factors and root:shoot ratios for coniferous tree species in Great Britain, Forestry, 77, 421, 10.1093/forestry/77.5.421
Lim, 2003, LiDAR remote sensing of forest structure, Prog. Phys. Geogr., 27, 88, 10.1191/0309133303pp360ra
Luckman, 1997, A study of the relationship between radar backscatter and regenerating tropical forest biomass for spaceborne SAR instruments, Remote Sens. Environ., 60, 1, 10.1016/S0034-4257(96)00121-6
Luckman, 1998, Tropical forest biomass density estimation using JERS-1 SAR: seasonal variation, confidence limits, and application to image mosaics, Remote Sens. Environ., 63, 126, 10.1016/S0034-4257(97)00133-8
Magnussen, 1998, Derivations of stand heights from airborne laser scanner data with canopy-based quantile estimators, Canad. J. Forest Res.—Revue Canadienne de Recherche Forestiere, 28, 1016, 10.1139/x98-078
Means, 1999, Use of large-footprint scanning airborne LiDAR to estimate forest stand characteristics in the western Cascades of Oregon, Remote Sens. Environ., 67, 298, 10.1016/S0034-4257(98)00091-1
Means, 2000, Predicting forest stand characteristics with airborne scanning LiDAR, Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens., 66, 1367
Milne, R., 1992. The carbon content of vegetation and its geographical distribution in Great Britain. In: Carbon Sequestration by Vegetation in the UK. Contract no. PECD 7/12/79, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Penicuik, Midlothian, UK.
Milne, 1997, Carbon in vegetation and soils of Great Britain, J. Environ. Manage., 49, 413, 10.1006/jema.1995.0118
Milne, 1998, The effect of geographical variation of planting rate on the uptake of carbon by new forests of Great Britain, Forestry, 71, 297, 10.1093/forestry/71.4.297
Milne, 2000, Mapping of carbon pools in the vegetation and soils of Great Britain
Milne R., Brown T.A., 2003. UK emissions by sources and removals by sinks due to land use, land use change and forestry activities: section 6, mapping carbon fluxes for British afforestation and land use change. DEFRA Contract EPG1/1/160, CEH No. C01504, http://www.nbu.ac.uk/ukcarbon/, Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Global Atmosphere Division, Edinburgh.
Milne, R., Tomlinson, R.W., Murray, T.D., 2003. UK emissions by sources and removals by sinks due to land use, land use change and forestry activities: Section 2, Land Use Change and Forestry, the 2001 greenhouse gas inventory and projections to 2020. DEFRA Contract EPG1/1/160, CEH No. C01504, http://www.nbu.ac.uk/ukcarbon/, Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Global Atmosphere Division, Edinburgh.
Naesset, 1997, Determination of mean tree height of forest stands using airborne laser scanner data, ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens., 52, 49, 10.1016/S0924-2716(97)83000-6
Naesset, 1997, Estimating timber volume of forest stands using airborne laser scanner data, Remote Sens. Environ., 61, 246, 10.1016/S0034-4257(97)00041-2
Naesset, 2002, Predicting forest stand characteristics with airborne scanning laser using a practical two-stage procedure and field data, Remote Sens. Environ., 80, 88, 10.1016/S0034-4257(01)00290-5
Nelson, 1988, Estimating forest biomass and volume using airborne laser data, Remote Sens. Environ., 24, 247, 10.1016/0034-4257(88)90028-4
Nelson, 1988, Using airborne lasers to estimate forest canopy and stand characteristics, J. Forestry, 86, 31
Nelson, 2000, Canopy height models and airborne lasers to estimate forest biomass: two problems, Int. J. Remote Sens., 21, 2153, 10.1080/01431160050029486
Nilsson, 1996, Estimation of tree heights and stand volume using an airborne LiDAR system, Remote Sens. Environ., 56, 1, 10.1016/0034-4257(95)00224-3
Northern Ireland Department of Agriculture, 2002. Forestry facts and figures 2001/02. http://www.dardni.gov.uk/frames/forest06.htm.
Nuesch, 1989, Imaging radar fundamentals, 157
Pairman, 1997, Terrain influences on SAR backscatter around Mt Taranaki, New Zealand, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 35, 924, 10.1109/36.602534
Patenaude, 2004, Quantifying forest above ground carbon content using LiDAR remote sensing, Remote Sens. Environ., 93, 368, 10.1016/j.rse.2004.07.016
Patenaude, 2003, The carbon pool in a British semi-natural woodland, Forestry, 76, 109, 10.1093/forestry/76.1.109
Persson, 2002, Detecting and measuring individual trees using an airborne laser scanner, Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens., 68, 925
Pierce, 1994, Knowledge-based classification of polarimetric SAR images, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 32, 1081, 10.1109/36.312896
Porcello, 1976, Speckle reduction in synthetic radars, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 66, 1305, 10.1364/JOSA.66.001305
Ranson, 1994, Mapping biomass of a northern forest using multifrequency SAR data, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 32, 388, 10.1109/36.295053
Ranson, 1995, Boreal forest ecosystem characterization with SIR-C/X-SAR, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 33, 867, 10.1109/36.406673
Ripple, 1991, A preliminary comparison of Landsat Thematic Mapper and Spot-1 HRV multispectral data for estimating coniferous forest volume, Int. J. Remote Sens., 12, 1971, 10.1080/01431169108955230
Rosenqvist, 2003, A review of remote sensing technology in support of the Kyoto Protocol, Environ. Sci. Policy, 6, 441, 10.1016/S1462-9011(03)00070-4
Rouse, J.W., Haas, R.H., Deering, D.W., Schell, J.A., Harlan, J.C., 1974. Monitoring the vernal advancement of retrogradation of natural vegetation, Type III, Final Report, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD.
Running, 1988, A general model of forest ecosystem processes for regional applications I. Hydrological balance canopy gas exchange and primary production processes, Ecol. Model., 42, 125, 10.1016/0304-3800(88)90112-3
Running, 1991, Forest-BGC, a general-model of forest ecosystem processes for regional applications. 2. Dynamic carbon allocation and nitrogen budgets, Tree Physiol., 9, 147, 10.1093/treephys/9.1-2.147
Salajanu, 2001, The significance of spatial resolution—identifying forest cover from satellite data, J. Forestry, 99, 32
Skinner, L., 2002. Estimating forest parameters from synthetic aperture radar: a case study of Thetford forest. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Geography, University of Wales.
Smith, P., 2001. Verifying Sinks under the Kyoto Protocol. http://www.vertic.org/assets/breifingpaper01-03.doc, VERTIC Briefing Paper 01/03. Last accessed, 06 April 2004.
Sozanska, M., Smith, P., Milne, R., Brown, T.A., 2002. UK emissions by sources and removals by sinks due to land use, land use change and forestry activities: Section 5: linking soil and vegetation carbon dynamic models. DEFRA Contract EPG1/1/160, CEH No. C01504, http://www.nbu.ac.uk/ukcarbon/, Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Global Atmosphere Division, Edinburgh.
Spanner, 1994, Remote-sensing of seasonal leaf-area index across the Oregon transect, Ecol. Appl., 4, 258, 10.2307/1941932
Treitz, 1999, Hyperspectral remote sensing for estimating biophysical parameters of forest ecosystems, Prog. Phys. Geogr., 23, 359, 10.1177/030913339902300303
Trotter, 1997, Estimation of timber volume in a coniferous plantation forest using Landsat TM, Int. J. Remote Sens., 18, 2209, 10.1080/014311697217846
Tucker, 1979, Red and photographic infrared linear combinations for monitoring vegetation, Remote Sens. Environ., 8, 127, 10.1016/0034-4257(79)90013-0
UNFCCC, 1992. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. http://unfccc.int/.
UNFCCC, 1997. Kyoto Protocol to the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change. http://unfccc.int/.
UNFCCC, 2001. The Marrakesh Accords. FCCC/CP/2001/13/Add.1, http://unfccc.int/.
Ustin, 2000, Using hyperspectral data to assess forest structure, J. Forestry, 98, 47
Vanzyl, 1993, The effect of topography on radar scattering from vegetated areas, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 31, 153, 10.1109/36.210456
Verstraete, 1996, Designing optimal spectral indexes for remote sensing applications, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 34, 1254, 10.1109/36.536541
Waring, 1998
2000
Wayman, 2001, Landsat TM-based forest area estimation using iterative guided spectral class rejection, Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens., 67, 1155
Wehr, 1999, Airborne laser scanning—an introduction and overview, ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens., 54, 68, 10.1016/S0924-2716(99)00011-8
Wilkie, 1996
Woodcock, 2001, Monitoring large areas for forest change using Landsat: generalization across space, time and Landsat sensors, Remote Sens. Environ., 78, 194, 10.1016/S0034-4257(01)00259-0
Woodhouse, et al., 2002. Polarimetric interferometry in the Glen Affric project: Results and conclusions. In: Proceedings of the IGARSS, Toronto, ON, Canada, June 2002.