Survival and Growth in vitro of Paramoeba perurans Populations Cultured Under Different Salinities and Temperatures

Protist - Tập 170 - Trang 153-167 - 2019
Catherine Collins1, Malcolm Hall1, Mark J. Fordyce1, Patricia White1
1Marine Scotland, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen AB11 9DB United Kingdom

Tài liệu tham khảo

Adams, 2001, Distribution and structure of lesions in the gills of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., affected with amoebic gill disease, J Fish Dis, 24, 535, 10.1046/j.1365-2761.2001.00330.x Adams, 2003, Amoebic gill disease: sequential pathology in cultured Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L, J Fish Dis, 26, 601, 10.1046/j.1365-2761.2003.00496.x Best, 2002 Bridle, 2010, Rapid detection and quantification of Neoparamoeba perurans in the marine environment, Aquaculture, 309, 56, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.09.018 Buchwald, 2015, Low temperature tolerance of a sea urchin pathogen: Implications for benthic community dynamics in a warming ocean, J Exp Mar Biol Ecol, 469, 1, 10.1016/j.jembe.2015.04.006 Bustos, 2011, Amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farmed in Chile, Aquaculture, 310, 281, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.11.001 Cann, 1982, Fine structure of small free-living Paramoeba (Amoebida) and taxonomy of the genus, J Mar Biol Assoc UK, 62, 25, 10.1017/S0025315400020087 Clark, 1999, Field investigations of amoebic gill disease in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in Tasmania, J Fish Dis, 22, 433, 10.1046/j.1365-2761.1999.00175.x Clark, 2003, Effects of commercial freshwater bathing on reinfection of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, with amoebic gill disease, Aquaculture, 219, 135, 10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00020-6 Collins, 2017, Generation of Paramoeba perurans clonal cultures using flow cytometry and confirmation of virulence, J Fish Dis, 40, 351, 10.1111/jfd.12517 Crosbie, 2010, Amoebic gill disease in hatchery-reared ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis (Temminck & Schlegel), in Japan is caused by Neoparamoeba perurans, J Fish Dis, 33, 455, 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2009.01137.x Crosbie, 2012, In vitro cultured Neoparamoeba perurans causes amoebic gill disease in Atlantic salmon and fulfils Koch’s postulates, Int J Parasitol, 42, 511, 10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.04.002 Crosbie PBB, Bridle AR, Nowak BF (2014) Atlantic Salmon Aquaculture Subprogram: Culture and cryopreservation of Neoparamoeba perurans (AGD). Final report FRDC PROJECT NUMBER:2012/048: http://www.frdc.com.au/project?id=561, Accessed 16 February 2018. Douglas-Helders, 2005, The effect of environmental factors on the distribution of Neoparamoeba pemaquidensis in Tasmania, J Fish Dis, 28, 583, 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2005.00647.x Douglas-Helders, 2001, Temperature as a risk factor for outbreaks of amoebic gill disease in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), Bull Eur Assoc Fish Pathol, 21, 114 Douglas-Helders, 2002, Wild fish are not a significant reservoir for Neoparamoeba pemaquidensis (Page, 1987), J Fish Dis, 25, 569, 10.1046/j.1365-2761.2002.00394.x Douglas-Helders, 2003, Temporal and spatial distribution of paramoebae in the water column—a pilot study, J Fish Dis, 26, 231, 10.1046/j.1365-2761.2003.00452.x Downes, 2017, Evaluation of non-destructive molecular diagnostics for the detection of Neoparamoeba perurans, Front Mar Sci, 4, 1, 10.3389/fmars.2017.00061 Dyková, 2000, Neoparamoeba Page, 1987: light and electron microscopic observations on six strains of different origin, Dis Aquat Org, 43, 217, 10.3354/dao043217 Dyková, 2005, Neoparamoeba branchiphila n. sp., and related species of the genus Neoparamoeba Page, 1987: morphological and molecular characterization of selected strains, J Fish Dis, 28, 49, 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2004.00600.x Efron, 1979, Bootstrap methods: another look at the jacknife, Ann Stat, 7, 1, 10.1214/aos/1176344552 Feehan, 2016, Marine epizootics linked to storms: mechanisms of pathogen introduction and persistence inferred from coupled physical and biological time-series, Limnol Oceanogr, 61, 316, 10.1002/lno.10217 Feehan, 2013, Validating the identity of Paramoeba invadens, the causative agent of recurrent mass mortality of sea urchins in Nova Scotia, Canada, Dis Aquat Org, 103, 209, 10.3354/dao02577 Fringuelli, 2012, Detection of Neoparamoeba perurans by duplex quantitative Taqman real-time PCR in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded Atlantic salmonid gill tissues, J Fish Dis, 35, 711, 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2012.01395.x Green, 2005, Effects of dissolved organic carbon and hardness in freshwater used to treat amoebic gill disease, Aquat Res, 36, 398, 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01221.x Haugland, 2017, Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) develop amoebic gill disease (AGD) after experimental challenge with Paramoeba perurans and can transfer amoebae to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), Aquaculture, 478, 48, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.04.001 Hauer, 2005, Remarkable salinity tolerance of seven species of naked amoebae (gymnamoebae), Hydrobiologia, 549, 33, 10.1007/s10750-005-2210-1 Hellebø, 2017, PCR survey for Paramoeba perurans in fauna, environmental samples and fish associated with marine farming sites for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), J Fish Dis, 40, 661, 10.1111/jfd.12546 Ihaka, 1996, R: A language for data analysis and graphics, J Comput Graph Stat, 5, 299 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) (2015) Report of the Working Group on Pathology and Diseases of Marine Organisms (WGPDMO), Helsinki, Finland. ICES CM 2015/SSGEPI:01. 124 p. Jellett, 1988, Effect of temperature and prey availability on growth of Paramoeba invadens in monoxenic culture, Appl Environ Microbiol, 54, 1848, 10.1128/AEM.54.7.1848-1854.1988 Karlsbakk, 2013, Amoebic gill disease due to Paramoeba perurans in ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta), Aquaculture, 412–413, 41, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.07.007 Kent, 1988, Paramoeba pemaquidensis (Sarcomastigophora: Paramoebidae) infestation of the gills of coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch reared in sea water, Dis Aquat Organ, 5, 163, 10.3354/dao005163 Kim, 2017, Amoebic gill disease outbreak in marine fish cultured in Korea, J Vet Diag Invest, 29, 357, 10.1177/1040638717690783 Lee, 2006, High yield and rapid growth of Neoparamoeba pemaquidensis in co-culture with a rainbow trout gill-derived cell line RTgill-W1, J Fish Dis, 29, 467, 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2006.00740.x Lee, 2008, Growth of Neoparamoeba spp. for paramoebiasis research with fish and shellfish cell cultures, The Bulletin, MDI Biological Laboratory, 47, 2008 Lima, 2016, Involvement of contractile vacuoles in the osmoregulation process of the marine parasitic amoeba Neoparamoeba perurans, J Fish Dis, 39, 629, 10.1111/jfd.12408 Martin, 1985, Population growth in stationary and suspension culture of Paramoeba pemaquidensis Page (Amoebida, Paramoebidae), J Protozool, 32, 738, 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1985.tb03111.x Möller, 1978, The effects of salinity and temperature on the development and survival of fish parasites, J Fish Biol, 12, 311, 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1978.tb04176.x Mouton, 2013, First record of amoebic gill disease caused by Neoparamoeba perurans in South Africa, J Fish Dis, 37, 407, 10.1111/jfd.12133 Mullen, 2005, Nuclear small-subumit ribosomal RNA gene-based characterisation, molecular phylogeny and PCR detection of the Neoparamoeba from western Long Island Sound lobster, J Shellfish Res, 24, 719, 10.2983/0730-8000(2005)24[719:NSRRGC]2.0.CO;2 Munday, 2001, Gill disease of marine fish caused by infection with Neoparamoeba pemaquidensis, J Fish Dis, 24, 497, 10.1046/j.1365-2761.2001.00329.x Nowak, 2010, Do salmon lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, have a role in the epidemiology of amoebic gill disease caused by Neoparamoeba perurans?, J Fish Dis, 33, 683, 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01158.x Nowak, 2012, Neoparamoeba perurans, 1 Oldham, 2016, Incidence and distribution of amoebic gill disease (AGD)—An epidemiological review, Aquaculture, 457, 35, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.02.013 Oshima, 1986, Responses of freshwater amoebae to salinity changes, Comp Biochem Physiol, 85A, 395 Page FC (1983) Marine Gymnamoebae. Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Cambridge ISBN 0 904282 759. Page, 1987, The classification of the 'naked' amoeba of the phylum Rhizapoda, Arch Protistenkd, 133, 199, 10.1016/S0003-9365(87)80053-2 Paniagua, 2001, Effects of bacteria on the growth of an amoeba infecting the gills of turbot, Dis Aquat Org, 45, 73, 10.3354/dao045073 Parsons, 2001, Effectiveness of commercial freshwater bathing as a treatment against amoebic gill disease in Atlantic salmon, Aquaculture, 195, 205, 10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00567-6 Pert C, Allcock Z, Schrittwieser M, McCarthy U, Collins C (2015) Assessment of the viability of the different life stages of Lepeophtheirus salmonis following exposure to hydrogen peroxide. A study commissioned by the Scottish Aquaculture Research Forum (SARF) http://www.SARF.org/. Pickup, 2007, A comparison of the growth and starvation responses of Acanthamoeba castellanii and Hartmannella vermiformis in the presence of suspended and attached Escherichia coli K12, FEMS Microbiol Ecol, 59, 556, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00224.x Powell, 2003, In vitro survival and the effect of water chemistry and oxidative chemical treatments on isolated gill amoebae from AGD-affected Atlantic salmon, Aquaculture, 220, 135, 10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00629-4 Powell MD, Attard M, Harris JO, Roberts SD, Leef MJ (2005) Why fish die – the treatment and pathophysiology of AGD. Aquafin CRC Project 3.4.1 (FRDC project No. 2001/205): ISBN 1 86295 259 0. R Core Team (2015) A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna. https://www.R-project.org/. Roberts, 2003, Reduced total hardness of fresh water enhances the efficacy of bathing as a treatment for amoebic gill disease in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L, J Fish Dis, 26, 591, 10.1046/j.1365-2761.2003.00495.x Rodger, 2014, Amoebic gill disease (AGD) in farmed salmon (Salmo salar) in Europe, Fish Vet J, 14, 16 Rodger, 1996, An outbreak of amoebic gill disease in Ireland, Vet Rec, 139, 348, 10.1136/vr.139.14.348 Rogerson, 2003, Are planktonic naked amoebae predominately floc associated or free in the water column?, J Plankton Res, 25, 1359, 10.1093/plankt/fbg102 Sætre, 1972, The Norwegian Coastal Current, Proceedings from the First International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions, 1, 514 Sætre, 2003, Long-term hydrographic variability patterns off the Norwegian coast and in the Skagerrak, ICES Marine Science Symposia, 219, 150 Scheibling, 2010, Killer storms: North Atlantic hurricanes and disease outbreaks in sea urchins, Limnol Oceanogr, 55, 2331, 10.4319/lo.2010.55.6.2331 Shinn, 2015, Economic costs of protistan and metazoan parasites to global mariculture, Parasitology, 142, 196, 10.1017/S0031182014001437 Soleng, 1997, Salinity tolerance of Gyrodactylus salaris (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea): laboratory studies, Can J Fish Aquat Sci, 54, 1837, 10.1139/f97-089 Stagg, 2015, Detection of Paramoeba perurans in Scottish marine wild fish populations, Bull Eur Assoc Fish Pathol, 35, 217 Steinum, 2008, First cases of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Norwegian seawater farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and phylogeny of the causative amoeba using 18S cDNA sequences, J Fish Dis, 31, 205, 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2007.00893.x Tan, 2002, Biofouling as a reservoir of Neoparamoeba pemaquidensis (page, 1970), the causative agent of amoebic gill disease in Atlantic salmon, Aquaculture, 210, 49, 10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00858-4 Wong, 2004, 18S ribosomal DNA-based PCR identification of Neoparamoeba pemaquidensis, the agent of amoebic gill disease in sea-farmed salmonids, Dis Aquat Org, 60, 65, 10.3354/dao060065 Young, 2007, Neoparamoeba perurans n. sp., an agent of amoebic gill disease of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), Int J Parasitol, 37, 1469, 10.1016/j.ijpara.2007.04.018 Young, 2008, Development of a diagnostic PCR to detect Neoparamoeba perurans, agent of amoebic gill disease, J Fish Dis, 31, 285, 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2008.00903.x Young, 2008, Neoparamoeba perurans is a cosmopolitan aetiological agent of amoebic gill disease, Dis Aquat Org, 78, 217, 10.3354/dao01869 Young, 2014, Support for the coevolution of Neoparamoeba and their endosymbionts, Perkinsela amoebae-like organisms, Europ J Protistol, 50, 509, 10.1016/j.ejop.2014.07.004 VKM (2014) Panel on Animal Health and Welfare Risk assessment of amoebic gill disease, VKM Report 2014: 11 [39 pp], ISBN nr. 978-82-8259-149-2, Oslo, Norway. Available online: www.vkm.no. Volkova, 2017, Description of Neoparamoeba longipodia n.sp. and a new strain of Neoparamoeba aestuarina (Page, 1970) (Amoebozoa, Dactylopodida) from deep-sea habitats, Europ J Protistol, 61, 107, 10.1016/j.ejop.2017.09.006 Wood, 2011, Fast stable restricted maximum likelihood and marginal likelihood estimation of semiparametric generalized linear models, J R Stat Soc Ser B, 73, 3, 10.1111/j.1467-9868.2010.00749.x Wood SN (2015) mgcv: Mixed GAM Computation Vehicle with GCV/AIC/REML Smoothness Estimation. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=mgcv. Wright, 2015, Depth distribution of the amoebic gill disease agent, Neoparamoeba perurans, in salmon sea cages, Aquat Environ Interact, 7, 67, 10.3354/aei00137