Superior photocatalytic dye degradation under visible light by reduced graphene oxide laminated TiO2-B nanowire composite

Elliott, 2013, Tracking marine pollution, Science, 340, 556, 10.1126/science.1235197 Jing, 2013, Surface tuning for oxide-based nanomaterials as efficient photocatalysts, Chem. Soc. Rev., 42, 9509, 10.1039/c3cs60176e Chen, 2014, Introduction: titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials, Chem. Rev., 114, 9281, 10.1021/cr500422r Su, 2014, Introduction of ‘lattice-voids’ in high tap density TiO2-B nanowires for enhanced high-rate and high volumetric capacity lithium storage, RSC Adv., 4, 22989, 10.1039/C4RA01259C Nandi, 2019, Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine-B dye by stable ZnO nanostructures with different calcination temperature induced defects, Appl. Sur. Sci., 465, 546, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.09.193 Hu, 2019, The selective deposition of MoS2 nanosheets onto (101) facets of TiO2 nanosheets with exposed (001) facets and their enhanced photocatalytic H2 production, Appl. Cata. B: Env., 241, 329, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.09.051 Kim, 2010, Platinized WO3 as an environmental photocatalyst that generates OH radicals under visible light, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 6849, 10.1021/es101981r Kurian, 2013, Significant enhancement in visible light absorption of TiO2 nanotube arrays by surface band gap tuning, J. Phys. Chem. C, 117, 16811, 10.1021/jp405207e Sui, 2017, One-step preparation of Ti3+ self-doped TiO2 single crystals with internal-pores and highly exposed {001} facets for improved photocatalytic activity, Appl. Surf. Sci., 426, 116, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.07.137 Plodinec, 2019, Black TiO2 nanotube arrays decorated with Ag nanoparticles forenhanced visible-light photocatalytic oxidation of salicylic acid, J. All. Com., 776, 883, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.10.248 Akple, 2015, Nitrogen‐doped TiO2 microsheets with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction, Chin. J. Catal., 36, 2127, 10.1016/S1872-2067(15)60989-5 Panahian, 2017, Synthesis of hedgehoglike F‑TiO2(B)/CNT nanocomposites for sonophotocatalytic and photocatalytic degradation of malachite green (MG) under visible light: kinetic study, J. Phys. Chem. A, 121, 5614, 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b02580 Wang, 2019, Defective black Ti3+ self-doped TiO2 and reduced graphene oxide composite nanoparticles for boosting visible-light driven photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical activity, Appl. Sur. Sci., 467, 45, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.10.138 Giampiccolo, 2019, Sol gel graphene/TiO2 nanoparticles for the photocatalytic-assisted sensing and abatement of NO2, Appl. Catal. B, 243, 183, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.10.032 Lee, 2019, Strategies to improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2: 3D nanostructuring and heterostructuring with graphitic carbon nanomaterials, Nanoscale, 11, 7025, 10.1039/C9NR01260E Sharma, 2019, Carbon quantum dot supported semiconductor photocatalysts for efficient degradation of organic pollutants in water: a review, J. Cleaner Production, 228, 755, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.292 Su, 2015, Anatase TiO2: better anode material than amorphous and rutile phases of TiO2 for Na-ion batteries, Chem. Mater., 27, 6022, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b02348 Lee, 2014, Rutile TiO2-based perovskite solar cells, J. Mater. Chem. A Mater. Energy Sustain., 2, 9251, 10.1039/c4ta01786b Li, 2015, Achieving overall water splitting using titanium dioxide-based photocatalysts of different phases, Energy Environ. Sci., 8, 2377, 10.1039/C5EE01398D Andreev, 2014, The shape of TiO2-B nanoparticles, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136, 6306, 10.1021/ja412387c Tsai, 2009, Lithium ion intercalation performance of porous laminal titanium dioxides synthesized by sol-gel process, Chem. Mater., 21, 499, 10.1021/cm802327z Dylla, 2013, Lithium insertion in nanostructured TiO2 (B) architectures, Acc. Chem. Res., 46, 1104, 10.1021/ar300176y Chae, 2004, A route to high surface area, porosity and inclusion of large molecules in crystals, Nature, 427, 523, 10.1038/nature02311 Xiang, 2010, Large-scale synthesis of metastable TiO2 (B) nanosheets with atomic thickness and their photocatalytic properties, Chem. Commun. (Camb.), 46, 6801, 10.1039/c0cc02327b Stengl, 2011, TiO2 graphene nanocomposite as high performace photocatalysts, J. Phys. Chem. C, 115, 25209, 10.1021/jp207515z Park, 2009, Chemical methods for the production of graphenes, Nat. Nanotechnol., 4, 217, 10.1038/nnano.2009.58 Nair, 2008, Fine structure constant defines visual transparency of graphene, Science, 320, 1308, 10.1126/science.1156965 Stoller, 2008, Graphene-based ultracapacitors, Nano Lett., 8, 3498, 10.1021/nl802558y Yan, 2015, Ultrafast lithium storage in TiO2–bronze nanowires/N-doped graphene nanocomposites, J. Mater. Chem. A Mater. Energy Sustain., 3, 4180, 10.1039/C4TA06361A Zhang, 2010, Pillaring chemically exfoliated graphene oxide with carbon nanotubes for photocatalytic degradation of dyes under visible light irradiation, ACS Nano, 4, 7030, 10.1021/nn102308r Allen, 2010, Honeycomb carbon: a review of grapheme, Chem. Rev., 110, 132, 10.1021/cr900070d Hummers, 1958, Preparation of graphitic oxide, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 80, 1339, 10.1021/ja01539a017 Kim, 2012, Simple and cost-effective reduction of graphite oxide by sulfuric acid, Carbon, 50, 3229, 10.1016/j.carbon.2011.11.014 Agrawala, 2019, Lightweight, high electrical and thermal conducting carbon-rGO composites foam for superior electromagnetic interference shielding, Compos. Part B Eng., 160, 131, 10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.10.033 Zhang, 2016, Ti3+ self-doped blue TiO2 (B) single-crystalline nanorods for efficient solar-driven photocatalytic performance, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 8, 26851, 10.1021/acsami.6b09061 Ferrari, 2000, Interpretation of Raman spectra of disordered and amorphous carbon, Phys. Rev. B, 61, 14095, 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.14095 Roy, 2018, Low temperature growth of carbon nanotubes by microwave plasma stimulated by CO2 as weak oxidant and guided by shadow masking, Diam. Relat. Mater., 88, 204, 10.1016/j.diamond.2018.07.007 Stankovich, 2007, Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide, Carbon, 45, 1558, 10.1016/j.carbon.2007.02.034 Fan, 2011, Facile synthesis of graphene nanosheets via Fe reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide, ACS Nano, 5, 191, 10.1021/nn102339t Sudesh, 2013, Varma, Effect of graphene oxide doping on superconducting properties of bulk MgB2, Supercond. Sci. Technol., 26, 10.1088/0953-2048/26/9/095008 Acik, 2011, The role of oxygen during thermal reduction of graphene oxide studied by infrared absorption spectroscopy, J. Phys. Chem. C, 115, 1976, 10.1021/jp2052618 Page, 2013, Thermodynamics and kinetics of grapheme chemistry: a graphene hydrogenation prototype study, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 15, 3725, 10.1039/c3cp00094j Zhu, 2010, One-pot, water-phase approach to high-quality graphene/TiO2 composite nanosheets, Chem. Commun. (Camb.), 46, 7148, 10.1039/c0cc01459a Etacheri, 2014, Chemically bonded TiO2-Bronze nanosheet/reduced graphene oxide hybrid for high-power lithium ion batteries, ACS Nano, 2, 1491, 10.1021/nn405534r Ray, 1987, Infrared vibrational spectra of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide thin films prepared by glow discharge, Sol. Energy Mater., 15, 45, 10.1016/0165-1633(87)90075-X Morgado, 2007, Multistep structural transition of hydrogen trititanate nanotubes into TiO2-B nanotubes: a comparison study between nanostructured and bulk materials, Nanotechnology, 18, 10.1088/0957-4484/18/49/495710 Samanta, 2018, Microstructural association of diverse chemical constituents in nc-SiOx:H network synthesized by spontaneous low temperature plasma processing, Physica E, 103, 99, 10.1016/j.physe.2018.05.029 Das, 2014, Spectroscopic and microscopic studies of self-assembled nc-Si/a-SiC thin films grown by low pressure high density spontaneous plasma processing, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 16, 25421, 10.1039/C4CP03374D Liu, 2016, Fabrication of 3D mesoporous black TiO2/MoS2/TiO2 nanosheets for visible-light-driven photocatalysis, ChemSusChem, 9, 1118, 10.1002/cssc.201600170 Xing, 2011, An economic method to prepare vacuum activated photocatalysts with high photo-activities and photosensitivities, Chem. Commun. (Camb.), 47, 4947, 10.1039/c1cc10537j Zhang, 2015, A highly conductive porous graphene electrode prepared via in situ reduction of graphene oxide using Cu nanoparticles for the fabrication of high performance supercapacitors, RSC Adv., 5, 54275, 10.1039/C5RA07857A Das, 2014, Spectroscopic and microscopic studies of self-assembled nc-Si/a-SiC thin films grown by low pressure high density spontaneous plasma processing, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 16, 25421, 10.1039/C4CP03374D Zuo, 2010, Self-doped Ti3+ enhanced photocatalyst for hydrogen production under visible light, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 132, 11856, 10.1021/ja103843d Liu, 2017, Ice−water quenching induced Ti3+ self-doped TiO2 with surface lattice distortion and the increased photocatalytic activity, J. Phys. Chem. C, 121, 19836, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b06274 Makal, 2018, Self-doped TiO2 nanowires in TiO2-B single phase, TiO2-B/anatase and TiO2-anatase/rutile heterojunctions demonstrating individual superiority in photocatalytic activity under visible and UV light, Appl. Surf. Sci., 455, 1106, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.06.055 Lopez, 2012, Band-gap energy estimation from diffuse reflectance measurements on sol-gel and commercial TiO2: a comparative study, J. Solgel Sci. Technol., 61, 1, 10.1007/s10971-011-2582-9 Selloni, 2009, Reduced and n-Type doped TiO2: nature of Ti3+ species, J. Phys. Chem. C, 113, 48 Zhang, 2011, TiO2/graphene composite from thermal reaction of graphene oxide and its photocatalytic activity in visible light, J. Mater. Sci., 46, 2622, 10.1007/s10853-010-5116-x Leary, 2011, Carbonaceous nanomaterials for the enhancement of TiO2 photocatalysis, Carbon, 49, 741, 10.1016/j.carbon.2010.10.010 Sakthivel, 2003, Daylight photocatalysis by carbon-modified titanium dioxide, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 42, 4908, 10.1002/anie.200351577 Mo, 1995, Electronic and optical properties of three phases of titanium dioxide: rutile, anatase, and brookite, Phys. Rev. B, 51, 13023, 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.13023 Choudhury, 2016, Narrowing of band gap and effective charge carrier separation in oxygen deficient TiO2 nanotubes with improved visible light photocatalytic activity, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 465, 1, 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.11.050 Santara, 2013, Evidence of oxygen vacancy induced room temperature ferromagnetism in solvothermally synthesized undoped TiO2 nanoribbons, Nanoscale, 5, 5476, 10.1039/c3nr00799e Das, 2016, Low temperature grown ZnO:Ga films with predominant c-axis orientation in wurtzite structure demonstrating high conductance, transmittance and photoluminescence, RSC Adv., 6, 6144, 10.1039/C5RA22288E Mondal, 2017, Further improvements in conducting and transparent properties of ZnO:Ga films with perpetual c-axis orientation: materials optimization and application in silicon solar cells, Appl. Surf. Sci., 411, 315, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.03.171 Paul, 2016, Mechanism of strong visible light photocatalysis by Ag2O-nanoparticledecorated monoclinic TiO2 (B) porous nanorods, Nanotechnology, 27, 10.1088/0957-4484/27/31/315703 Zhu, 2017, C–S bond induced ultrafine SnS2 dot/porous g-C3N4 sheet 0D/2D heterojunction: synthesis and photocatalytic mechanism investigation, Dalton Trans., 46, 17032, 10.1039/C7DT03894A Ghafoor, 2017, Photosensitization of TiO2 nanofibers by Ag2S with the synergistic effect of excess surface Ti3+ states for enhanced photocatalytic activity under simulated sunlight, Sci. Rep., 7, 1, 10.1038/s41598-017-00366-7 Zhang, 2011, Graphene–metal–oxide composites for the degradation of dyes under visible light irradiation, J. Mater. Chem., 21, 3634, 10.1039/c0jm03827j Zhang, 2017, Novel assembly of homogeneous reduced graphene oxide-doped mesoporous TiO2 hybride for elimination of Rhodamine-B dye under visible light irradiation, J. All. Com., 698, 819, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.12.279 Byzynski, 2018, Direct photo-oxidation and superoxide radical as major responsible for dye photodegradation mechanism promoted by TiO2–rGO heterostructure, J. Mater. Sci.: Materials in Electronics, 29, 17022 Nguyen-Phan, 2011, The role of graphene oxide content on the adsorption-enhanced photocatalysis of titanium dioxide/graphene oxide composites, Chem. Engineering Journal, 170, 226, 10.1016/j.cej.2011.03.060 He, 2016, Ultrasonic assisted synthesis of TiO2-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite with superior photovoltaic and photocatalytic acivities, Ceram. Int., 42, 5766, 10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.12.114 Appavu, 2017, Visible active N,S co-doped TiO2/graphene photocatalysts for the degradation of hazardous dye, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem., 340, 146, 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.03.010 Shah, 2012, Green synthesis of biphasic TiO2−reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites with highly enhanced photocatalytic activity, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 4, 3893, 10.1021/am301287m Shandilya, 2018, Fabrication of fluorine doped graphene and SmVO4 based dispersed and adsorptive photocatalyst for abatement of phenolic compounds from water and bacterial disinfection, J. Cleaner Production, 203, 386, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.271 Stengl, 2011, TiO2-Graphene nanocomposite as high performance photocatalysts, J. Phys. Chem. C, 115, 25209, 10.1021/jp207515z