Sugarcane improvement in Guangxi: Progress and perspectives
Tóm tắt
This paper reviews the history of replacements of improved sugarcane varieties and their significant contributions to the cane yield and sugar content in the past several decades in Guangxi. Five obvious replacements of the varieties were recorded typically from local initial cultivated species(S. Sinense) varieties Bamboo cane and Rose Bamboo cane to POJ2878, F134, Guitang 11 (GT11) and ROC16 which is dominant at present. Therefore, from 1950s’ to 2003, it had been increased by about 1,000 times in total sugar yield in Guangxi from 0.004 million tons to 5.86 million tons, and by 315% in milling cane yield per unit area which was increased from 26.6 t/ha. to 66.5 ton /ha. or by 6% per year, and by 0.92 % in absolute sucrose % cane during the past five decades. It is considered that the replacements of sugarcane varieties have played an important role to promote the sugar industry in Guangxi. Based on the severe drought and unfertile soil conditions, the breeding targets of high cane yield, high sugar content, strong drought and disease resistance, and strong ratooning ability have been worked out for the sugarcane breeding program. Total 21 varieties have been bred and released to the commercial production since GXSCRI was established in 1956. It would take further about 10 to 12 years to complete the schedule for a successful new improved variety, in which about 5–6 years selecting in the GXSCRI and 5–6 years in regional trial out the GXSCRI. For broadening the germplasm base of sugarcane breeding, hundreds of wild germplasm materials including 5.spontaneum, S. arundinaceum andMiscanthus, were collected from various locations in China, and 150 varieties were introduced from exotic countries during the past decades. Yacheng (YC)71-374, GT11, ROC1, CP65-357, CP72-1210, YC73-512, ROC10 etc. displayed good combining ability as desiring new parents in recent years. Molecular technology has been used as a supplementary tool for sugarcane breeding. The study made in Guangxi showed that sugarcane nitrogen-fixation research had very significant and good prospect. The RSD pathogen was detected by PCR molecular technology. Transformed plants fromS. spontaneum, E. arundinaceus with bar gene have been cultured through gene gun andAgrobacterium mediated transformation.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Boddey, R.M., Urqulaga, S., Reis, V. and Doberiner, J. (1991). Biological nitrogen fixation association with sugar cane.Plant and Soil,137: 111–137.
Deng, Z.Y., Wang, B.H., Liu, H.B., Zhu, Q.Z., Wang, W.Z., Tan, Y.M. and Wang, L.W. (2003). Investigation and detection of RSD in Guangxi.Guangxi Sugarcane and Canexugar,3: 8–11,16.
Gan, H.P. and He, H. (1989). Summary report of studding in Canal Point Sugarcane Station U.S.Guangxi Sugarcane,3: 1–10.
Gillis, M., Kersters, K., Hoste, B., Janssens, D., Koppensted, R.M., Stephan, M.P., Teixeira, K.R.S., Dobereniner, J. and Deley, J. (1989).Acetnbacter Di azotrophicus Sp. Nov., A Nitrogen-Fixing acetic acid bacterium associated with sugarcane.Int. J. Syst. Bacterial.,39: 361–364.
Guangxi Soil and Fertilizer Service Station (1994). Guangxi soil. Nanning: Guangxi Science and Technology Publishing House, pp. 60–131.
Guangxi Government (1988). Handbook of Guangxi. Nanning: Gangxi Peoples Press, pp. 9–10.
He, J.X., He, X.M., Zen, H., Yang, X.Q. and Wu, N.Y. (1986). A new suagrcane variety, Guifu80-29, bred with mutagenesis.Guangxi Agri. Sci.,6: 15–19.
Heinz, D.J. and Tew, T.L. (1987). Hybridization procedures, Sugarcane improvement through breeding, Amsterdam: Elsevier Press, pp. 311–340.
Li, M., Tan, Y.M., Li, Y.R., Li, R.B. and Gao, G.Q. (2003). Identification of sugarcane(Saccharum offlcinarum L.) varieties with AFLP markers (abstract).Molecular Plant Breeding,1(5/6): 821
Li, S., He, W.Z., Zen, H., You, J.H. and Liu, H.J. (2000). DNA segment ofS. spontaneum from Longchuan transformed into the sugarcane callus in vitro.Guangxi Sugarcane,3: 6–8.
Li, Y.Y. (1982). Superiority of GT11 in the Guangxi sugarcane production.Guangxi Agricul. Sci.,3: 4–7.
Liang, J. (2004). The physiological characteristics in relation to nitrogen fixation of different sugarcane varieties. Thesis of Guangxi University.
Liang, L.Q. (2003). Introduction of GT19, a superior sugarcane variety.Guangxi Sugarcane and Canesugar,2:11.
Liang, L.Q. (1994). Contribution of four parents to the Guangxi sugarcane breeding.Guangxi Sugarcane,2: 3–8.
Liao, J.X. and He, H. (2003). Hybrid progenies classified by Molecular markers in sugarcane breeding.Guangxi Sugarcane and Canesugar,1: 12–14.
Lima, E., Boddey, R.M. and Dobereiner, J. (1987). Quantification of biological nitrogen fixation association with sugar cane using anl5Naided nitrogen balance.Soil Biol Biochem.,19: 165–170;
Lu, C. (2001). The trial report of ROC22 in the Luoyong farm.Guangxi Sugarcane,3: 14–16.
Peng, S.G. (1980). Replacement of sugarcane varieties planted in Guangxi.Guangxi Agricul. Sci.,11: 11–13.
Peng, S.G. (1987).Sugarcane breeding, Beijing: Agricultural Press, pp. 59–61, 316–339.
Peng, S.G. (1988). Review of Guangxi sugarcane breeding during the past 3 decades.Southwest China J. Agricul. Sci.,1(3): 23- 26.
Peng, S.G. (1997). Synopsis of sugarcane varieties GT13, GT14 and GT15 and analysis of their pedigrees.Guangxi Sugarcane,1: 25–26.
Peng, S.G. (1984). Assumption of sugarcane breeding on early maturity, high yield and sugarcane content.Guangxi Sugarcane,1: 1–5.
Peng, S.G. (1981). The natural advantages for developing sugarcane production in Guangxi.Guangxi Sugarcane,2: 26- 32.
Qin, H.Q. (1981). Investigation of biological characteristics for the seedling invitro. Guangxi Agri. Sci.,9: 15–16.
Qin, H.Q. (1988). Basic and practical technology of sugarcane cultivation at upland.Guangxi Agricul. Sci.,11: 12–15.
Qin, H.Q., Chen, W.Y., Li, Y.Y., Huo, R.F., Yang, D.T. and Zhao, L.D., (1991). Sugarcane cultivation in Guangxi. Nanning: Guangxi Science and Technology Publishing House, pp. 13–15.
Qin, Y.C., Chen, Y.Z. and Gou, N.Z. (1985). Improvement of sugar content of sugarcane from tissue culture.Guangxi Sugarcane,3: 17–19.
Qin, Y.C. (1982). Propagation of sugar cane from tissue culture planted in summer and cut for seed canes in autumn.Guangxi Sugarcane,4: 28–29.
Tan, Y.M. (1994). Estimation of benefit for extending improved sugarcane varieties and meditation on the breeding strategies in Guangxi.Guangxi Sugarcane and Canesugar,1: 24–30.
Tan, Y.M. and Liang, Y.B. (1990). Studies on geographical distribution with isozymes classified for 130 collections ofS. spontaneum. Guangxi Sugarcane,4: 14–18.
Wang, A.Q.,Wang, Z.Z.,Wei, Y.T.,Li, Y.R.,andYang, L.T. (2004a).Saccharum officinarum 1-aminocyclopropane-l -carboxylate oxidase(aco) mRNA. GenBank Databases. January 8, 2004. Accession number: AY521566.
Wang, A.Q., Wang, Z.Z., Yang, L.T., Wei, Y.T., and Li, Y.R. (2004b). Research progress of two key enzyme genes on the ethylene biosynthesis.J. Guangxi Agricul. Biol. Sci.,23(2): 164–169.
Wang, L.W. and Tan, Y.M. (2002). A preliminary report on regional trials of sugarcane varieties Guiyin5 and ROC25,Sugarcane and Canesugar,4: 15–19.
Wang, Z.Z., Li, Y.R., Zhang, S.Z., Lin, J.F., and Guo, L.Q. (2003). Cloning and Sequencing of ACC oxidase gene from sugarcane.Acta Genetica Sinica,30(1): 62–69.
Wang, L.W., Wang, T.S., Xin. W., Tan, Y.M., Pang, T. and Huang, Q.F. (2002). Agronomic characteristics of the pathogen- free chewing cane from tissue culture.Sugarcane,9(2): 42–45.
Yang, R.Z., Tan, Y.M., Li, H.G., He, W.Z., Li, S., Tan F., Chen, T.S. and Li, Y.R. (2003). Classification of a S.arundinaceum hybrid progenies by means of RAPD.Guangxi Sugarcane and Canesugar,2: 8–10.
Yang, R.Z. and Huang, S.T. (1999). Screening the sugarcane clones with mosaic and smut-resistance.Sugarcane,6(2): 15- 17.
Ye, Y.P., Li, Y.R., Su, J.B., Huang, CM., Tang, J., and Huang, X. (2003). Preliminary study on yield-increasing effect of virus- free seed plantlets of fruit-use sugar cane.Crops,6: 21–22.
Yi, Y.M. (1990). Climatic analysis for the sugar accumulation stage.Guangxi Sugarcane,3: 29–31.
Zhou, Y.H. (1981). Reduction of sugarcane green shoots invitro. Guangxi Sugarcane,3: 29–32.
Zhu.G.Y. and Huang, J.S. (1989). Accumulation and usage of Guangxi sugarcane germplasm.Guangxi Agricul. Sci.,3:12–14.
Zhu, G.Y. and Huang, J.S. (1996). Studies on hybridizatior withSaccharum and their wild near relatives.Guangxi Agricul. Sci.,1: 5–6.